Still hot

June 20, 2013

20 June 2013 Still hot

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, Captain Povey moves house. He loses hia little purse with the £15 removal money in it and has to hire Nunky, and Leslie, needless to say the deliver the wrong furniture to the wrong house ove and over again. Priceless.
Another quiet day We totter around and water the garden sort the plants fight the Russian vine and sweep the drive.
We watch The Pallaisers Pallaoiser is made PM, Cora renovates the castle.
I win at scrabble and I get over 400 perhaps she can have her revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Ruairi O’Bradaigh
Ruairi O’Bradaigh, who has died aged 80, was an unrelenting opponent of British rule in Northern Ireland and on two occasions led splits in Sinn Fein against the party softening its line.

Ruairi O’Bradaigh with Gerry Adams at a Sinn Fein conference in London in 1983 Photo: PA
7:00PM BST 19 Jun 2013
Twice chief of staff of the IRA between 1958 and 1962, president of Provisional Sinn Fein from 1970 to 1983 and of Republican Sinn Fein from 1987 to 2009, O’Bradaigh was a lifelong hardliner. When in 1969 the Official leadership in Dublin refused armed support to Catholic communities in the North as the “Troubles” erupted, O’Bradaigh led a walkout to form the Provisionals. And when 17 years later Gerry Adams’s readiness to join the peace process brought a vote by Sinn Fein to end “abstentionism” and take its seats in the Dail, he led a further breakaway to form Republican Sinn Fein, opposing the peace process to the end.
But despite O’Bradaigh’s refusal to contemplate anything less than British withdrawal, he at critical moments sanctioned or took part in contacts with the British. Indeed, he was regarded in London as a man of his word, and could even weigh in to limit the damage from reckless ventures, telling the captors of the Dutch industrialist Tieder Herrema in 1975 that their action served “no useful purpose”.
Gerry Adams rated O’Bradaigh “quite liberal on social and economic matters”. Yet he could be callous in the extreme, describing the shooting of a baby during an IRA attack as “one of the hazards of urban guerrilla warfare”.
Peter Roger Casement Brady was born at Longford on October 2 1932 to strongly Republican middle-class parents; his father, Matt Brady, had been wounded in 1919 in a shoot-out with the Royal Irish Constabulary.
Ruairi, as he soon styled himself, was educated at St Mel’s College, Longford, and University College, Dublin, graduating in 1954. When not behind bars, he taught Irish at a school in Roscommon.
O’Bradaigh joined Sinn Fein in 1950, and next year the IRA. In 1955 he led a raid on barracks near Arborfield, Berkshire, securing the IRA’s largest ever arms haul on the British mainland . The weapons were recovered soon after and some of the unit arrested, but O’Bradaigh got away.
That December O’Bradaigh took part in an attack on police barracks at Derrylin, Co Fermanagh, in which an RUC officer was killed. Arrested in the Republic, he was jailed for six months for failing to account for his activities.
While in jail in 1957, he was elected to the Dail for Longford-Westmeath. O’Bradaigh refused to take his seat; at the 1961 election his vote collapsed. On his release, he was interned at the Curragh. In September 1958 he escaped, cutting through the perimeter fence during a football match.
Weeks later he was appointed IRA Chief of Staff, holding the position — punctuated by a spell in prison — until the autumn of 1962. He stood down after announcing the end of hostilities along the Border. In 1966 he polled 10,370 votes in Fermanagh and South Tyrone as an Independent Republican.
O’Bradaigh tried at a crucial Ard Fheis (party conference) in January 1970 to persuade the leadership to “defend” nationalist communities against Loyalist attack. His argument rejected, he led a walkout to become de facto leader of the “Provisionals”.
Elected president of Provisional Sinn Fein, he developed the goal of a federal Ireland, with each province having its own parliament (and Ulster’s potentially a Protestant majority). In August 1971 Reginald Maudling, Home Secretary, barred him from mainland Britain.
That November, he was preparing to meet six Conservative MPs in Dublin when the whips intervened. The following March O’Bradaigh had his first contact with a British representative — a Stormont MP and former army officer. This led to Harold Wilson and Merlyn Rees — then in opposition — meeting Provisional leaders in Dublin (in 1976 Rees would have O’Bradaigh expelled from Northern Ireland, only for him to defy the order).
Released after six months in the Curragh, O’Bradaigh testified to a US Senate committee about the treatment of IRA prisoners. In December 1974 the Provisional leadership met leaders of Ireland’s Protestant churches at Feakle, Co Clare. When the IRA called a Christmas ceasefire, O’Bradaigh had talks with British officials leading to an open-ended truce. It broke down , but he had a first formal meeting soon after with British contacts. At the end of 1976 O’Bradaigh met Loyalists at their request, to see how their proposals for an independent Ulster could mesh with Sinn Fein’s formula.
From Gerry Adams’ election as vice-president of Sinn Fein in 1978, friction grew between its old and new generations. By 1983 O’Bradaigh was only its nominal leader, and Adams “reluctantly” made his move. O’Bradaigh went under protest; a serious car accident soon afterward further weakened his position.
He and his supporters formed Republican Sinn Fein, with the Continuity IRA (secret until 1996) its military wing. He scorned Sinn Fein’s engagement in all-party talks, condemned the Good Friday Agreement as a British confidence trick, and said the IRA’s decommissioning while British troops remained on Irish soil was “the worst sell-out yet”.
By 2009, when he retired as president of Republican Sinn Fein, the Continuity IRA had attracted a number of dissidents from the peace process. O’Bradaigh’s parting shot was to denounce as a “turncoat” McGuinness, who as Northern Ireland’s deputy first minister had condemned the killers of two British soldiers as “traitors”.
Ruairi O’Bradaigh is survived by his wife, Patsy, and six children.
Ruairi O’Bradaigh, born October 2 1932, died June 5 2013

Guardian:
Nev Wilshire’s call centres have been fined £225k by the information commissioner (Report, 19 June). This is intriguing to compare with some other sanctions on corporate offenders lately. Recently, BAE was fined £250k over the death of a worker, Gary Whiting. This represented around 0.00014% of its profit for the year he died. Put another way, it is equivalent to someone on £25k being fined £3.50. That is not a punishment. In 2008, BAE was penalised £30m for “serious financial irregularity” by the Serious Fraud Office. It appears that in the UK, a life is worth 1/120th as much as is financial probity. The Ministry of Justice is soon to launch a consultation on sentencing for safety crimes. This is clearly overdue, but it is an opportunity for interested parties to make a clear statement that corporate killing must be punished appropriately. If cold calling is worth a £225k fine, a death must be worth significantly more. If a death is worth £250k, financial impropriety must not be worth £30m.
Steve Window
Chester

Europe’s trash into cash but fuel concern over the future of recycling, 15 June). Domestic recycling rates continue to improve and while most local authorities now collect plastic bottles at the kerbside, some waste companies are still sending huge volumes of this plastic resource abroad rather than having it processed here. This is supported by the incentives they receive via the government’s PRN credit system. If this material stayed in the UK, it would reduce our imports of virgin raw materials and would create sorting and reprocessing jobs in the UK. Reports have suggested more than 50,000 new UK jobs would be created if 70% of waste collected by councils was recycled here in the UK.
We strongly support free trade but are merely asking for a fairer system by a review of the existing set-up, which financially supports the export of materials rather than domestic recycling. The problem is exacerbated by poorly sorted materials being illegally exported, yet still gaining a 100% PRN credit – the system is broken and needs urgent attention. This issue is a real-world interface between economics and the environment. As it currently stands, British packaging companies are subsidising the export of valuable recyclate which should be going back into UK packaging and back on the shelves of UK retailers. The results are less British infrastructure, fewer British jobs and greater reliance on unreliable international markets. Legislation needs to change to rectify this.
It seems absurd that the PRN system provides a higher payment for exports than it does for domestically processed materials. This was not an intended consequence but a result of the legislators and the recycling industry understanding the market dynamics of this immature but growing sector. We and our industry colleagues will continue to raise the issue. We hope to gain wider support and go beyond the environmental channels, and raise it at Treasury and business level.
Chris Dow
CEO, Closed Loop Recycling
• Waste should be seen as a resource. I have never understood why some green groups in the UK oppose energy from waste, when the real issue is the astonishingly high amount of waste – nearly half – the UK still sends to landfill. Scandinavian countries have, for years, recycled a high proportion of waste. However, instead of leaving the remainder of their waste to rot, the Nordic cities have the good sense to use most of it to make heat and power for the benefit of their local community. There are only a few cities like this in the UK, a notable example being Sheffield.
Ian Manders
Deputy director, Combined Heat and Power Association
• I feel strongly that you have neglected a major issue of waste PFIs which are still being pushed through (or being fought by local residents at the 11th hour). They threaten council budgets – some of which are already sinking under an existing PFI. This situation would surely be news if, instead of incinerators, there were many giant hospitals planned when there were already empty beds in all the other ones and Europe was offering to treat the patients at half the cost.
Jane Green

We now know that ministers, and their staff and colleagues, have almost limitless access to information (Report, 17 June). Yet our financial system came within hours of collapse, and on a lesser scale the Libor rate was rigged for years. We invade countries on evidence that turns out to be incorrect. Multinational companies and the rich conceal their wealth. And always from those in charge, the echo from Fawlty Towers: “I know nothing.” Couldn’t we get our spies to do something socially useful instead of just checking up on our friends? Do we have too much of the wrong sort of information?
Mary Holmes
Twickenham, Middlesex 
• William Hague may believe that “the innocent have nothing to fear” (Britain’s response to the NSA story: back off and shut up, 19 June) from the NSA knowing whom he is contactingby phone, email and Skype, but would he be quite so blase if his correspondence were being monitored by the security services of Russia, North Korea, Syria or Azerbaijan?
Fr Julian Dunn
Oxford
• Could G4S take over the functions of GCHQ? The coalition would get more privatisation and, judging by past performance, citizens of the UK would be less effectively spied on – everybody wins.
Gerry Emmans
Edinburgh
• I note your centre-page photo (Eyewitness, 19 June) of the feckless unemployed on a day out at a race meeting. Surely some of them have been passed as fit for work by Atos?
Neil Denby
Denby Dale, West Yorkshire
• Do I need a thermometer to be sure that my ready meals are piping hot (Letters, 19 June)?
Maureen Chibnall
Lancaster
• It’s all very well to complain about an absence of “single whammys”, but we are always hearing about “one iota”. Do iotas never come in groups?
Craig Jeffrey
Oxford
• And still they come. Oh well, I better take this golden opportunity…
Paul Aldam
London

Panorama’s Elderly Care: Condition Critical? was not, as Martin Green of the Community Care Association, alleges, “sensationalist” (Not a full or balanced picture, Society, 19 June). The programme revealed that a significant number of care home providers have been failing to report deaths to the national regulator, which could mean that poor care is not identified when problems develop.
Our programme and the supporting analysis of Professor Brian Jarman of Imperial College London has helped to prompt the Care Quality Commission to this week announce a change in its practices. The commission now plans to monitor death rates in care homes and eradicate the “blind spots” in its mortality data by requiring care providers to adhere to their lawful requirement to report deaths of all registered residents.
The programme also featured examples of good care, explaining that the CQC has found that nearly two-thirds of homes are compliant with the essential standards. In relation to our Winterbourne View programme, Green asks how journalists could “sit there for six to eight weeks, watching that level of abuse”. He is wrong to suggest our undercover journalist did not intervene during incidents of ill-treatment. His actions brought to an end a number of these incidents, including some shown in the programme. By documenting these, the programme revealed a culture of abuse at the hospital which led to the convictions of 11 care workers, the closure of the home and a serious case review.
The aim of these programmes was to highlight the mistreatment of some of the most vulnerable people in societyand to raise awareness about the need for better protection for them. Green’s interview will have served to remind regulators, concerned staff and relatives of an attitude to criticism inside parts of the care industry. If legitimate and repeated concerns about the treatment of patients and residents had been addressed then none of the Panoramas he refers to would have been necessary.
Tom Giles
Editor, Panorama

Alastair Crooke (The Red Line is not crossed, 17 June) asks the right question: “Will arming the opposition make the situation for the Syrian people better, or will it lead to more bloodshed?” However, he obscures the answer by turning to statistics about the volume of small arms allegedly provided to opposition groups when the key issue is the regime’s persistent deployment of heavy weaponry against civilian populations.
The significance of this is demonstrated by an analysis of the data collected by the Centre for Documentation of Violations in Syria: of the 11,000 deaths of women and children it has documented thus far in the conflict, some 7,500 have died as a result of regime aerial bombardment and shelling of their towns and neighbourhoods. Measures which would limit the regime’s freedom to casually use heavy weapons in this fashion would certainly “make the situation for the Syrian people better”.
Brian Slocock
Chester
• Your leading article (Editorial, 19 June) fails to mention that it was Cairo, not Tehran, which made a bad situation worse. On the same day the US announced its decision to arm the rebels, a conclave of Sunni clerics in Cairo sanctified jihad against the Shias and Hezbollah, thereby turning the Syrian conflict from a war of liberation into a war between Muslim sects.
If the west chooses to arm the rebels at this critical juncture, it will be entering, albeit indirectly, the Syrian conflict on the side of the Sunnis, although it was Sunnis, not Shias, who carried out the 9/11 and subsequent acts of terrorism against the west.
Shia Iran now has a reformist president, who wants to re-establish relations with the west. Perhaps it is time that the west, instead of plunging into Syria’s sectarian quagmire, engaged President Hassan Rouhani and let him spell out his rapprochement plan, if any.
Randhir Singh Bains
Gants Hill, Essex
• David Cameron says everyone wants a new government in Syria. No they do not. Everyone wants peace in Syria, even if that means Bashar al-Assad staying in place. Cameron should be leading an all-out effort to ensure that the planned Geneva peace conference is a success. If it does not succeed, the next step should be a redoubling of diplomatic efforts, not their abandonment.
Our government, by blocking the involvement of Iran in peace negotiations, pushing for arming the rebels, backing unnecessary preconditions about the role of Assad and generally treating him with contempt, has greatly damaged the prospects for a peaceful resolution of this catastrophe in Syria.
Brendan O’Brien
London
• The prime minister is right to acknowledge that we’re in it for the long haul on Syria, which has prompted the largest single funding commitment ever made by the UK in response to a humanitarian disaster. But the urgent focus needs to be on the many Syrians simply unable to access humanitarian aid in any form.
Doctors of the World runs centres in Lebanon and Jordan and, although we also have medics inside Syria, we are often powerless to help many Syrians because cross-border assistance is prohibited for opposition-controlled areas. Assistance is sometimes allowed via Damascus but this can often be dangerous due to geography and the quagmire of checkpoints and bureaucracy. Yes, Syrians need aid but we must ensure they can benefit from it and not just those in government-controlled areas.
Leigh Daynes
Doctors of the World (Médecins du Monde) UK
• Surely the “red line” that Assad has crossed in Obama’s eyes is his regaining control of Syria. Those of us who are old enough to remember WMD in Iraq are not taken in by the sarin claim.
Martin Davidson
Bromley, Kent
• It may be an old-fashioned concept, but surely it is up to the Syrian people to decide who their government is, not Vladimir Putin or any other members of the self-selecting G8.
Declan O’Neill
Oldham

It is baffling and disappointing to us, as people who have suffered some of the worst press abuses of recent years, that the Guardian suddenly appears ready to surrender to the manipulations of press corporations responsible for many of those abuses (In praise of… Michael Grade, 19 June). Your newspaper, which did more than any other institution to bring those corporations to book, is advocating a delay that plays directly into their hands.  
Before us is a hard-won opportunity: a draft royal charter that is based on the recommendations of the Leveson inquiry, approved by every party in parliament and backed by public opinion and by victims of abuses such as ourselves. After seven inquiries into the press in 70 years we are closer than ever to an effective, independent press self-regulation scheme that will protect the public and at the same time protect freedom of expression. This is in large part a consequence of having victims properly represented for the first time by the campaign group Hacked Off.
Yet the Guardian now calls for further compromise, even though the charter already contains many concessions to press demands. You urge more negotiation with proprietors and editors who have learned nothing and shown no contrition, and who have consistently rejected compromise. You complain of drift when the only drift is caused by them, in their desperation to defy parliament and sabotage the charter. The surest consequence of the delay you propose will the kind of shady fix we have seen so many times before, and so we will be left at best with another sham self-regulator no better than the Press Complaints Commission.
Please do not allow this to happen. The judge has spoken, parliament has spoken and the polls indicate that your readers favour a Leveson-based outcome. Don’t lose your nerve now.
Sheila Hollins, Christopher Jefferies, Ian Hurst, Jacqui Hames, HJK, Ben Jackson, Mike Hollingsworth, Alex Best, Ed Blum, Sky Andrew, Tricia Cooklin

Independent:

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One factor which seems to have been missed in the debate about the fall in applications to Russell Group universities from state school pupils and poor students is the huge increase  in pupils choosing to attend a local university.
This has been particularly noticeable over the past decade, and when questioned students invariably cite cost, as they can choose to live at home if money is or becomes tight. In two local selective schools, up to 40 per cent of pupils now elect to attend local universities and colleges. Although the Russell Group is pretty well represented geographically, there are large areas of the country where this is not the case.
It is particularly sad that a kind of parochialism and social apartheid founded on cost has crept into the university system, as two fundamental advantages of the university experience are being lost: first, the chance to mix with a wide range of students from different geographical areas and backgrounds; second, the opportunity for students to become socially mature and independent by taking responsibility for themselves at an early age.
J R Whelan, Bebington, Wirral
 
G8 fails to get tough with tax avoiders
The pledges made on tax avoidance at the G8 summit have come under fire. What did anyone expect of the G8? Words. Not a penny more in tax will be paid by Amazon or any of the other companies who operate intricate webs of offshore companies to avoid tax.
As an independent bookshop owner, and the originator of the petition calling on Amazon to pay its fair share of tax (which now has 169,000 signatures ), I realise that there is only one solution. And that is for HMRC to stop pussyfooting about with big business and start calling the shots. All they need to do is start with the premise that Amazon does have a permanent establishment in the UK, and that it is therefore liable to pay Corporation Tax. What could be simpler? Why are they not laying down the rules instead of seemingly letting big business dictate?
Margaret Hodge as head of HMRC?
Keith Smith, Warwick
 
I don’t get why we need international assistance to enable us to tax profits generated here in the UK.
We don’t need help collecting VAT or business rates from businesses here, and Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs already operates a scheme where businesses can pay a fixed percentage of their turnover to cover their corporation tax liabilities.
All we need do is say, “Profit here, tax here.” Surely we don’t need international organisation, taking years to enforce, to do something that simple.
Shahriyar saeb-noori, Torquay
 
What was to be achieved by the G8 leaders studiedly dives ting themselves of their neckwear and becoming tieless in Fermanagh?  
Did they think it looked impressive? Just ridiculously untidy, more like.
Roy Evans, Harpenden, Hertfordshire
 
No magic bullet for bovine TB
Your article on the pilot badger culls (19 June) fails to fully explain some of the key points around this emotive issue. Vaccination is not, and will not be, an instant cure for the problem of bovine tuberculosis. Everyone would like to see this terrible disease dealt with, but as the House of Commons environment committee said recently, vaccination is no magic bullet. 
Farmers are fully supportive of the idea of vaccines for both badgers and cattle. But, unfortunately, there is no vaccine available to protect cattle, and best estimates from the European Commission suggest it will be 10 years before a licensed vaccine is available. This is not merely because the BCG vaccine interferes with the current TB cattle test. The vaccine’s effectiveness is totally unproven in UK field conditions. Similarly, vaccinating badgers is not a viable alternative at the moment either, since it is costly, logistically challenging and of no use at all if a badger already has TB.
There is no single simple solution to TB. But the best available scientific information, and the experience of other countries, shows that tackling it on all fronts at the same time, including controlling disease in wildlife, can have a significant impact. The possible effects of perturbation identified in the article can be countered by using hard boundaries such as roads and rivers. The fact that 50,000 badgers a year are killed in road accidents shows boundaries like these will help to stop badgers spreading the disease to other areas.
We appreciate that there are strong views on this issue, and British farmers are acutely sensitive to public opinion. But getting on top of this dreadful disease is an urgent priority for them and the British public. When presented with the full facts about TB, people understand that a targeted badger cull is a necessary part of a package of controls.
Tom Hind, Director of Corporate Affairs, National Farmers Union, Stoneleigh Park, Warwickshire
 
Assange digs in for a long stay
How encouraging to know that Julian Assange has the strength to endure his comfortable if cramped hiding place for as long as it takes, maybe for ever (report, 18 June). The taxpayers of both Ecuador and Britain surely won’t begrudge the huge cost of this, in the interests of upholding his human rights. 
No doubt Bradley Manning won’t begrudge him the opportunity to escape the consequences of his actions, while Bradley faces the full force of the law. 
As for the Swedish women whose accusations of sexual assault remain unanswered, well they of course will realise that any violation of their rights is as nothing compared with the desperate situation of the unfortunate Julian. 
“Truth and consequences” was a popular game when I was a child, but apparently not one that Julian Assange ever played. No principled campaigner here: he did what he did because he could, not as a serious, principled act of truth-telling; and now he probably wishes he hadn’t.
Paula Jones, London SW20
 
Block paedophile porn at source
While the measures being proposed by the Government to block paedophile websites are laudable, I have a feeling that ministers still do not fully understand how the internet works.
Where internet access has been filtered or blocked in countries, during uprisings and civil unrest, the “rebels” often find ways of connecting and spreading their side of the story. These methods are available for evil as well as good intentions; the technology is neutral.
While the casual searches for this material will hopefully be blocked, it will not stop those who really want it. The only real way of preventing this material being available is to stop it at source.
This is where the foreign aid budget could really help. Funding law enforcement in countries where the pictures are created and uploaded will help far more than trying to plug all the possible ways of downloading the images in this country.
Sean Mulcahy, Caerphilly
 
Lane-changing for the planet
Your recent correspondence about middle-lane hogging causes me to wonder again about which is the best way to drive on motorways.
I try to be a good citizen and when I drive I limit my speed to reduce my carbon footprint. This means that I’m often in the slow lane between lorries. I wonder whether I then breath more of the pollution generated by the lorry in front of me, particularly more diesel particulates.
If to avoid this I go into to the middle lane and drive faster, however, I may be breathing cleaner air but I shall certainly be generating more pollution and increasing the cost of my journey.
Dennis Leachman, Reading
 
My local motorway is always so jam-packed with vehicles that the middle lane is usually the only option. Go in the left-hand lane and you’re chugging along at 50 with the trucks: go in the right-hand lane and you’ve got headlamp-flashing speed merchants on your rear bumper most of the time.
But my pet bugbear on motorways is the design fault that seems to affect mainly Mercedes, BMWs and Audis: their right-hand direction indicator never seems to work.
John Williams, West Wittering, West Sussex
 
Schools can’t trump parents
I must take exception to Gary Howse (letter, 15 June) when he blames the education system because a 17-year-old trainee at his firm couldn’t be bothered to get out of bed to come to work.
Wherever this lad went to school, his teachers would almost certainly have been the only adults in his life supporting and encouraging him to work hard, to gain good qualifications and to better himself. Alas, as every headteacher with a challenging intake knows to their cost, the complete lack of support and drive from the home background of a child can easily outweigh everything a school tries to do.
Please can we not blame schools for all of society’s ills?
Ben Warren, Headteacher, Summerhill School, Dudley, West Midlands
 
Hall fiasco
Andreas Whittam Smith has covered the Stuart Hall fiasco in style (19 June). The sentence of 15 months is obscene; an insult to the poor victims and an outrage to every thinking man and woman in the country. I just hope that the newspapers don’t allow this to slip into obscurity, and pressure will be sustained until the Attorney General acts to make the punishment realistic.
K Wheeler, Pembridge, Herefordshire
 
Fit punishment
A moral principle for dealing with reckless bankers should be, “Whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap.” The appropriate punishment is poverty, not a prison sentence (“Bosses of collapsed banks should be sent to jail”, 19 June). An individual deemed reckless by the regulator should forfeit the liability protection enjoyed by directors and controlling managers of companies.
Peter Brooker, West Wickham, Kent
 
Bodily harm
FGM is not akin to GBH (letter, 18 June). Mercifully, the latter’s physical effects usually fade with time, although the psychological may endure longer. The physical effects of FGM last a lifetime.
Peter Lack, London N10
 
In bloom
I assure Peter Tallentire (letter, 19 June) that here too there is a glory of buttercups and ox-eye daisies the like of which I’ve never before seen. It almost makes it worth having endured that apparently never-ending winter.
Sara Neill, Tunbridge Wells, Kent

Times:

‘The medical profession needs to stop using the term whiplash. It is too easy for busy GPs or inexperienced A&E doctors to accede to the diagnosis’
Sir, Whiplash does not exist (report, June 18). A few years ago a paper in The Surgeon, the journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, made the point that whiplash was an exclusively British condition. In other European countries there is no equivalent word and people claiming injury after rear-end collisions are diagnosed as having a stiff neck that will fully recover in days.
It is not impossible for bony or nerve injury to take place with sudden neck jerking but for these to occur in a car accident the impact needs to be substantial; in such cases there will be radiological evidence of fracture or neurological findings in the arm. People with either of these will usually be seen at hospital immediately after the incident. In the absence of fracture or nerve injury there are no findings on examination or investigation and any injury can be designated soft-tissue: unimportant, needing no treatment, no sickness certification, and with only short-lived symptoms.
Therefore 100 per cent of whiplash claims are bogus, a situation that is incompatible with the reported opinion of the chief executive of the Law Society that there are only a “tiny minority” of fraudulent claims.
The medical profession needs to be instructed to stop using the term whiplash. It is too easy for busy GPs or inexperienced A&E doctors to accede to the diagnosis. Once the word is in the notes lawyers have a far easier job making successful claims.
Furthermore, the Association of British Insurers needs to agree that whiplash is nonexistent, and that no assistance will be given to any policyholder to make such a claim.
Professor R. A. Wood
Former Consultant Physician, Abernethy, Perthshire
Sir, The assertion by James Dalton, head of motor insurance at the Association of British Insurers (ABI), that whiplash is “little different from a headache” is a slap in the face for the thousands of honest people who suffer long-lasting injuries in motor vehicle accidents each year.
The insurance industry has demonised whiplash victims for years, using them as a convenient scapegoat for rising premiums. This diverts attention from their ever-increasing profits and, critically, from the ongoing Competition Commission investigation into a motor insurance market described as “dysfunctional” by the chief executive of the Office of Fair Trading.
The Government contends that the creation of an independent medical panel will make it easier to reduce the number of fraudulent claims. This is not the case. Medical panels typically operate behind closed doors without the transparency or the public scrutiny afforded by the current judicial process. Such panels formed in other jurisdictions are often created on the basis that the victim has no right to review a decision.
We must take active steps to ensure that genuine victims feel confident that our justice system supports them and will treat them fairly. The Transport Committee’s current inquiry is an excellent opportunity to reflect the facts about whiplash, rather than simply furthering the insurance industry’s agenda. We must not penalise innocent victims for the sake of insurance industry profits.
Cath Evans
Chief Operating Officer Slater & Gordon (UK) LLP

The country has been recognised as having made significant progress over the past 12 years by the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights
Sir, Further to the letter “Colombia’s lawyers” (June 13), may I point out that human rights in Colombia have improved substantially over the past decade — as was recognised recently by the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights which for the first time in 12 years did not include Colombia in its annual list of countries requiring special attention.
From his first day in office, President Juan Manuel Santos has shown his commitment to ensuring the full enjoyment of human rights in Colombia. His government has strengthened the agencies responsible for protecting the people and communities at risk as a result of their activities, including lawyers, prosecutors and judges.
The creation of the National Protection Unit is a key aspect of the national human rights strategy. By providing bodyguards, bulletproof cars, relocation and moving support, this newly created agency allocated in 2012 $107 million to protect more than 11,000 people in Colombia.
Today Colombia is at a crossroads. President Santos opened formal peace talks with the FARC guerrilla group last October in an effort to end the 50-year conflict. Yet we understand that the road to real and lasting peace is through the protection of human rights for all in Colombia.
Mauricio Rodríguez-Múnera
Colombian Ambassador, London SW1

There would be long-term negative effects on our intellectual and financial economies if the study of further maths is not preserved
Sir, We are deeply concerned about the likely impact of current A-level reforms on mathematics. The subject’s rising popularity could be reversed by unintended consequences of reforms on maths in state and independent schools.
Maths is generally taught in a unique way. It is often setted, and accelerated. Unlike any other subject, A-level maths requires six papers, or modules, rather than four. It has two A levels: Maths, and the much harder Further Maths. Both exams, however, have the same A-level status.
Two consequences of change radically threaten Maths. First, conditional offers from top universities increasingly (and, in medicine, almost exclusively) recognise only A levels sat simultaneously. This discourages pupils from taking Maths early, and Further Maths at all.
Second, modules now occur only in June, not also in January. Students taking Double Maths therefore have fewer sessions, for their larger number of exams. A typical student taking Double Maths will take 12 exams in two sittings as opposed to four in two sittings for a single subject; and this load can no longer be spread. This weight of examining will deter still more pupils from studying Further Maths.
We urge ministers to preserve the study of Further Maths, perhaps by awarding it a different name, status or structure. Long-term negative effects on our intellectual and financial economies are otherwise inevitable.
Peter Hamilton, Haberdashers’ Aske’s Boys’ School; Timothy Hands, Magdalen College School, Oxford; Chris Ray, Manchester Grammar School; Jonathan Cox, Royal Grammar School, Guildford; Bernard Trafford; Royal Grammar School, Newcastle; Michael Gibbons, The Grammar School at Leeds; Edward Elliott, The Perse School; Timothy Haynes, Tonbridge School; Anthony Seldon, Wellington School

Other countries may well spend twice as much as we do on tourism, but they also charge tourists to visit their various attractions
Sir, Christopher Rodrigues cites France as an example of a country spending twice as much as the UK on tourism promotion (letter, June 19). This is no surprise: France and many other countries correctly charge tourists entrance and other fees, while we do not.
The Blair Government introduced free entry to museums and galleries as a post-election victory measure (along with trust funds for babies). Tourists must be delighted. Attractions they would visit in any event don’t cost them a penny.
Rather than cutting spending, surely revenue should and could be raised? A £5 admission fee per tourist (exempt admission on production of proof of UK residency) would surely raise millions of pounds and go a long way to solving the problem now facing museums and VisitBritain.
Sarah Richards
Poole, Dorset

If we are going to test children at entry stage to secondary school, let us not do it directly after the long summer holiday
Sir, I am not surprised that Brett Prevost’s pupils (letter, June 18) fall short of their primary school achievements when tested at entry to secondary school. The start of the school year is the worst time to test any child. The summer holidays bring serious forgetfulness as a result of lack of practice, while September is the most unsettled part of the school year as children and teachers wrestle with new relationships and different expectations.
If we must test, November provides a better chance of accuracy.
Brian Toner
Pitlochry, Perthshire

Telegraph:
SIR – Herefordshire council is planning to close all the public lavatories in the county and replace them with a wonderfully named Community Toilet Scheme. This is a scheme where shops open their lavatories to the public.
This is all very well, but in a county heavily reliant on the tourist trade, what will happen when two coaches, say, descend on Hereford and all the occupants (80 people in total) want to use facilities that will not now be available? This scheme is concocted by the Regulatory Services Programme Manager, if you can understand what that title means.
I suggest that members of the public who are caught short should go to Hereford Town Hall, where I am sure the staff would welcome people using the facilities provided by the hard-working taxpayers of Herefordshire.
Visit Herefordshire at your peril.
Robert Oliver
Leominster, Herefordshire

SIR – Ken Clarke seeks to present those of us who now question the efficacy of Britain remaining within the EU as “isolationist John Bulls” (“The Thatcherite case for staying in the EU”, Comment, June 18). Nothing could be further from the truth.
My reason for supporting the “out” cause is that the world is a very different place compared with 1972, when the Conservatives took us into the Common Market. The EU is now in economic and demographic decline. The problems of the eurozone will exacerbate the difficulties faced by those who remain trapped within an increasingly centralised political and fiscal union.
The Democracy Movement, the campaign that I co-chair, with David Nuttall, the Tory MP, supports an “out” vote in a referendum because it is our desire not only to maintain good trading and other relations with the EU, such as those enjoyed by Switzerland, but also to develop better political and economic ties with the rapidly expanding world beyond Europe.
We are not “little Englanders”, but neither are we “little Europeans” who want to shut our eyes to fast-changing realities.
Graham Stringer MP (Lab)
London SW1
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19 Jun 2013
SIR – I was surprised that Mr Clarke believes that America wouldn’t have much interest in a British-American Free Trade Agreement (FTA) if Britain was outside the EU. Australia has had an FTA with America since 2004, yet has only a third of the population of Britain.
Negotiations between America and Malaysia, with only half the population of Britain, began in 2006, and were only halted when Malaysia withdrew in 2009.
Chris Watson
Lumut, Perak, Malaysia
SIR – It is difficult to support Ken Clarke’s view on EU membership when reminded of his failure to apologise for his error of judgment on Britain joining the euro.
Peter Sander
Hythe, Kent
SIR – Mr Clarke is right to celebrate the trade deal between Britain and America, pointing out that this is only possible thanks to Britain’s membership of the EU. Even extreme eurosceptics desire good trading links with the EU. Many believe this was the sole reason for Britain’s entry to the European Economic Community.
The trade deal promises cheaper imports from America and new markets for our own exports, thus being of real benefit to the ordinary citizen. Since this deal has only come about thanks to the collective clout of the EU, perhaps it is time to recognise that our membership is a good thing after all.
Jeremy Goldsmith
Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire
SIR – While Mr Clarke speaks of the damage to Britain caused by leaving the EU, he omits to mention the damage caused to Britain by remaining in it.
Stephen Kirby
Folkestone, Kent
Syrian warfare
SIR – As someone who knows a lot about chemical weapons, I thoroughly agree with the scepticism of Philip Congdon (Letters, June 17) about their possible use in Syria.
I always understood that without immediate treatment (normally self-administered with a syringe), survival after inhalation of even a tiny amount of Sarin would be rare. Essentially a “nerve” agent, the symptoms of current Syrian victims described in the media do not accord with this – witness a fly zapped by a chemically similar spray which goes into an uncontrollable physical frenzy.
The method of delivery seems also to be amateur; we were shown what looked like a drum falling unguided from a helicopter. What the stream of smoke emanating from it was I do not know, unless they had taken the screw cap off it before dropping it out of a door. I should guess simply that a rogue element has acquired a commercial drum of insecticide and used a bit of private initiative.
There may of course be better evidence which the public do not know about, but to intervene in Syria on the basis of chemical warfare capability, even after the same excuse was wrongly used to justify the Iraq intervention, is nonsense.
Colonel David Whitaker (retd)
Alton, Hampshire
SIR – I suspect that those who favour arming the Syrian opposition forces have no real strategy for containing the retribution and score-settling that will undoubtedly occur if they are victorious.
Roger Dale
Worthing, West Sussex
SIR – William Hague, the Foreign Secretary, supports the arming of “a democratic, responsible opposition” (report, June 18). But the opposition is unelected, hence undemocratic, and a composite of plain-clothed militias, therefore not responsible to anybody for individual secular and religious clans.
Nigel White
Preston, Lancashire
Consensual sex
SIR – The problem I have with “banning rape images” (Letters, June 18) is that it actually translates to “banning images of adults having consensual sex”. I abhor any violence, and sexual violence could be dealt with via tougher sentencing penalties, improved sex education, or by encouraging parents to talk to their kids appropriately.
This is not child pornography, which should categorically be banned as children cannot give informed consent to participate; rather, “closing this loophole” is in fact preventing adults of legal age watching other adults of legal age having consensual sex. It would be a misapplication of our laws.
Andrew McDougall
Horndean, Hampshire
SIR – If internet service providers (ISPs) and social network sites carry rape images, then it is time we introduced a fee for them to access customers, as we do for radio, telephone and television. The terms of trade means that they have agreed to abide by UK law.
If the ISPs and social network sites were found guilty of carrying rape images then a fine would be given, and if it happened again the site would be taken down.
Derek Wyatt
Founder, Oxford Internet Institute
London SW1
Killing time
SIR – The Telegraph crossword solves the dilemma of how to fill half an hour’s wait between trains (Letters, June 18).
Stephen Fyles
Watford, Hertfordshire
Whistler’s wood
SIR – The fate of a little woodland in Lyme Regis, Dorset, now known as Whistler’s Wood, will be decided tomorrow. Lyme was the home of my glass-engraver father Laurence Whistler from 1950 until 1978. He was the first to make lyrical and poetic landscape the purpose of glass-engraving. The narrow, bird-haunted woodland at the foot of our garden inspired some of his best effects of light through trees.
On leaving Lyme, my father tried to give the woodland to the community to protect it, but his gift was turned down. Now West Dorset District Council is considering a plan for two houses right in the wood. Although they have “eco-friendly” aspects, the buildings and car parking would make the woodland just a leafy suburb.
What makes this all the sadder to those who love Lyme is that a public-spirited offer has been made by a neighbour to buy and preserve the wood and open it to the public. My father would have loved that.
Frances Whistler
Winkleigh, Devon
Weathering the storm
SIR – Those involved in the discussions on climate and weather (“Climate change risks ‘outweigh benefits’ ”, report, June 18) may like to look back on the diaries of Samuel Pepys. The following quotes were written in January 1661 and August 1663: “It is strange what weather we have had all this winter; no cold at all; but the ways are dusty and the flyes fly up and down.” Furthermore: “Cold all night and this morning, and a very great frost they say abroad, which is much, having had no summer at all almost.”
Lorna Warren
Hockley, Essex
SIR – The Chronicle of the World records: “Famine in England following a wet autumn in 1314, a miserable summer in 1315 and torrential rain in 1316. Animals have died and salt pans have failed to evaporate.” How many similar climate events have occurred in recent history?
Sam Boyd
Bexhill-on-Sea, East Sussex
Opening the floodgates
SIR – The use of asphalt by Hugh Bebb’s local council (Letters, June 18) strikes a chord here. Our local council’s laying of asphalt over drains at Shiplate has been far from helpful in dealing with the run-off of water from the Mendips.
Rod Morris
Cheddar, Somerset
Contemplating a world without The Archers
SIR – Your correspondents (Letters, June 17) expressed what emotions they would suffer if The Archers was removed from the BBC’s schedule.
I suffered these same emotions when Dick Barton – Special Agent was removed from the BBC’s schedule in 1951, and was replaced by the Archers.
Rodney Silk
Billericay, Essex
SIR – I invited good friends to supper on Friday at 7pm. They accepted, only on condition of arriving by 7.30 – post-Archers.
Were the BBC to remove it from the air, I suspect middle England would revolt, but at least I could serve supper on my terms.
Kirsty Blunt
Sedgeford, Norfolk
SIR – I would be able to listen to the 2pm news without having to thump the off switch immediately afterwards to avoid being assailed by that dreadful theme tune.
Alastair Cannon
Bridport, Dorset
SIR – The only way for characters to be visualised (Letters, June 14) is by reading. Radio distorts, with beautiful voices making characters attractive, as with Lilian Bellamy in The Archers.
Books are all in the imagination; when reading Pride and Prejudice for the first time, I found Mr Darcy was even more devastatingly handsome in my imagination than Colin Firth.
Rosemary Finlay
Mickleham, Surrey

Irish Times:

Sir, – The National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA) plans for Junior Cycle reform centre on 24 statements of learning that are meant to cover all areas of knowledge considered important at Junior Cycle level.
The defence put forward for removing geography and history as compulsory subjects is that: 1. They are not currently compulsory for all students, and 2. It would be impossible to deliver the new Junior Cycle without teaching geography and history. Both of these defences are flawed.
First, all students take history and geography either as whole subjects or as part of environmental and social studies. Nonetheless, the argument that not all students take the full subjects compulsorily, therefore none should, is a fallacy. History and geography are the building blocks not only of an individual’s cultural identity but also of a society’s. The reintroduction of compulsory history and geography in the new core curriculum in the United Kingdom is in part a response to the negative impact on societal identity and cohesion contributed to by the absence of these subjects since their removal from the core curriculum in the 1980s. In trying to build an education system for the 21st century, it is disturbing that Ireland would seek to replicate the failings of 1980s British education policy.
Second, the statements of learning are constructed in such a way that a systematic course of study of any subject – except English, Irish and Maths – can be dispensed with altogether if a school so chooses or if their staffing levels force them to. In fact, the draft Framework for Junior Cycle sought to do away with the idea of “subjects” altogether and adopted a notion called “curriculum units” instead.
While the NCCA is developing syllabuses in history and geography, there will be no requirement on schools to offer these courses. Instead, a school could opt to study, for example, famous mathematicians or the history of one local building and it would satisfy the history requirement of the Statements of Learning. Interesting though these examples are, they are not a substitute for a systematic course of study that allows students to acquire a full and deeper understanding of the world they will enter as young adults.
The value of history and geography speaks for itself. Their removal as compulsory subjects is a mistake and has little to do with traditional and contemporary notions of what constitutes an education. – Yours, etc,
PETER LYDON,
Sir, – The suggestion of removing history from the Junior Cert as a compulsory subject demonstrates an amazing misunderstanding of what education is. High quality education should “lead out” the mind to the full development of its potential. It is not primarily for the economic development of our society.
As we all know, adopted people have a deep need to know about their origins to help them understand who they are, so communities and countries have a need to know themselves if they are to have the self-confidence to function effectively in the wider context of the world.
Learning the histories of other peoples is crucial if we are to understand each other better and so come to effective ways of living together in constructive communities. Ignorance and isolation are sure routes to disaster.
Being a scientist, I appreciate full well the importance of science to the development of current societies at all levels and how important good science will be to the solving of so many serious problems the human race is storing up for itself. But to focus on science to the exclusion of subjects which bear so heavily on who and what we are will ultimately make worse the problems science is meant to solve. – Yours, etc,
PATRICK DAVEY,

Sir, – The Minister for Health is determined to push through new legislation to charge all patients with private health insurance for using public hospital beds (Front page, June 15th). This, we are told, will push up premiums by 30 per cent by the end of next year. The Minister has accused the insurance companies of “scaremongering”, and suggested they need to do more to reduce costs. This confirms that this Minister, incredibly, has no understanding of the issues facing the sector.
The Minister’s colleague, the Tánaiste, either through ignorance or expediency, recently cited “excessive professional fees and hospital charges” as the reason premiums were soaring. In fact, professional fees have been reduced by approximately 30 per cent in the past four years, while premiums have been increasing. In addition, we learned in recent days that one of the largest private hospitals in the State lost €9.8 million in the last year, and that this is the norm for most private hospitals built in the last 10 years. It is hardly fair then to say that charges are excessive.
This begs the question – where do the Minister and the Tánaiste suggest the insurance companies start looking to cut costs?
The public health system is on life support, and is entirely dependent on income from private insurance companies to survive. This latest wheeze from the Minister is a blatant attempt to put his hand in the pocket of the insurance companies, essentially “double-dipping”, and is the only reason, as stated unambiguously by those insurance companies, as to why premiums are set to rise.
What the Minister is effectively saying is that if you have health insurance, you are not entitled to access public hospital facilities, even though your tax is already paying for it. This is a disgrace, and possibly unconstitutional, as it denies rights to those with insurance that are afforded to those without.
One obvious solution is the insurance companies should, with immediate effect, withdraw cover for all patients being treated in public hospitals. This would have the effect of reducing premiums significantly. It would also have the effect of freeing up beds and reducing waiting times in public facilities.
Of course, the Minister would then have to find other ways of funding his department and public health system.
The Minister should be encouraging people to take out insurance premiums. Not inhibiting them. – Yours, etc,
TURLOUGH O’DONNELL

Sir, – All the cynicism and begrudgery must be set aside, and Bono should be applauded for sending an important message to Senator McCain and his colleagues.
How could Ireland possibly be a “tax haven”, when the First Lady of the United States is greeted by an Irishman whose companies have moved out of Ireland, in order to legally avoid the Irish tax regime?
Whisht! Better not tell Apple et al! – Yours, etc,
SEAN BELLEW,
Upper Faughart,
Dundalk, Co Louth.
Sir, – Pity the unfortunate Obama children. Forced to watch Riverdance, assaulted by midges in Wicklow and locked into a public house in Dalkey with Bono for two hours (Home News, June 18th & 19th).They now deserve a vacation. – Yours, etc,
PATRICK O’BYRNE,
Shandon Crescent,
Phibsborough, Dublin 7.
Sir, – Did Bono go dutch on his lunch engagement?
Dr MARTIN RYAN,
Dartry Road,
Rathgar, Dublin 6.
A chara, – One trip to the old sod by Mrs Obama and progeny? Millions. The resultant boost to our economy? Even more millions. The sulky look on the two girls’ faces as they are dragged from one photo opportunity to another? Priceless! – Is mise,
Revd Fr PATRICK G
BURKE,

Sir, – Deputy John McGuinness must wish that he was born in the USA.
President Obama gets to bring the wife and kids on the trip – they even get a big airplane all to themselves – and not a PAC inquiry in sight!
God Bless America. – Yours, etc,
FLAN CLUNE,

Sir, – In Turkey thousands of people have been protesting because a government decided to turn a peaceful park into a shopping centre without taking heed of people’s concerns. This Friday lunchtime hundreds of people will be protesting outside Dublin Castle because our Government has not understood the devastating impact that wind turbines are having on local communities in Ireland.
People are concerned about the noise and visual pollution from wind turbines, and they are wondering if they will ever be able to sell their family home once turbines are erected nearby. Several Irish families have already spoken out publicly about the negative impact living beside a wind farm has had on their quality of life and mental health.
It is a sad reflection on our senior politicians that they appear to be more comfortable being photographed in the company of wind energy developers than talking to people negatively impacted by wind farms. Lets hope they respond differently to Friday’s protest than the cold shoulder given by the Turkish government to its unfortunate citizens. – Yours, etc,
MIKE de JONG,

Irish Independent:
* It has been reported on RTE news that Michael Noonan, our Finance Minister, has admitted “that mistakes were made with the troika”. Is this just a mirroring of the IMF/troika stance in Greece or is it actual remorse? Is it the realisation that people can bear such a damaging burden only for so long, or quite simply world events overtaking failed policies? Some examples:
Also in this section
A thank you for supporting us and brave Donal
What’s in a name? Quite a lot, actually
An Irish sort of logic
* The reported statement from George Osborne that the UK, our biggest trading partner, could be in recession for another two years?
* The recent release of US multinational tax information, which shows that some multinationals are paying in effect 0pc tax and others less than 12pc, whilst the Irish taxpayer pays 32pc.
* The decision by the world’s central banks to ease off on pumping money into economic systems.
* Or, the impending German court ruling on the legality of the ECB’s bond buying, as it is believed that it has overstepped its mandate.
Multiple mistakes were made by the previous government and have been compounded by Mr Noonan and his colleagues in the Coalition.
But they now have an opportunity to start reversing this by making public the reported letter from Jean Claude Trichet to the previous government.
The Irish taxpayer has paid dearly to date. Clearly the troika does not have the mandate to force a sovereign state into its control and use it as a buffer to stop EU banking contagion.
The Irish taxpayer also has the right to all information on the state-guaranteed banks, no matter what their names have been changed to.
The taxpayer has the right to know what loans/mortgages were taken out by politicians, their families, or business partners and/or their political party.
As the banks have been bailed out by the taxpayer, we have the right to this information by law.
REILLY UNFIT FOR OFFICE
* We are told that the Health Minister James Reilly is determined to push through new legislation to charge all patients with private health insurance for using public hospital beds. This, we are told, will push up premiums by 30pc. Dr Reilly has accused the insurance companies of “scaremongering” and suggested that they need to do more to reduce costs. This confirms that the minister has no understanding of the issues facing the sector, and is unfit for office.
Tanaiste Eamon Gilmore, either through ignorance or expediency, recently cited “excessive professional fees and hospital charges” as the reason why premiums were soaring. He would do well to note that professional fees have been reduced by approximately 30pc in the past four years, while premiums have been increasing.
In addition, we learned last week that one of the largest private hospitals in the State has lost €9.8m in the last year, and that this is the norm for most private hospitals built in the last 10 years. It is hardly fair then to say that charges are excessive.
This begs the question – where do Dr Reilly and Mr Gilmore suggest the insurance companies start looking to cut costs?
The public health system is on life-support and is entirely dependent on income from private insurance companies to survive. This latest wheeze from the minister is a blatant attempt to put his hand in the pocket of the insurance companies and is the only reason, as stated unambiguously by those insurance companies, why premiums are set to rise.
One obvious solution is this: the insurance companies should, with immediate effect, withdraw cover for all patients being treated in public hospitals. This would have the effect of reducing premiums significantly. It would also have the effect of freeing up beds and reducing waiting times in public facilities.
IT CUTS BOTH WAYS, ENDA
* The speech by President John F Kennedy (September 12, 1960), on which the Taoiseach based his statement about being a Taoiseach who happens to be Catholic and not a Catholic Taoiseach, also stated: “But if the time ever came when my office would require me to either violate my conscience or violate the national interest, then I would resign the office; and I hope any conscientious public servant would do the same.”
ABORTION DEBATE
* I watch the passion of the abortion debate with bemusement and sadness.
If only we could harness the same passion in the name of child welfare.
What a wonderful State for children we would be.
* If a doctor, in spite of repeated warnings and evidence-based advice from peers, were to persist with a dangerous form of treatment which placed the lives of patients at risk, he or she would be rightly struck off the medical register and denied the right to practise.
It is ironic that elected members of the Oireachtas are being threatened with denial of their right to exercise their profession, precisely for opposing a dangerous form of treatment. The Government, with the published Protection of Life during Pregnancy Bill, is setting out to establish in law a method of treatment for suicidal ideation in pregnancy which is not supported by medical evidence, which places the health of the mother at risk and which will certainly either end the life of her baby or be the cause of possibly catastrophic disability.
As doctors, we must again protest against this Government’s deliberate denial of the facts and remind members of the Oireachtas that, if this bill becomes law, they cannot transfer responsibility for its outcome to the medical and nursing professions. It will be their legacy and theirs alone.
HAVING A BALL IN EUROPE
* Colombian poet Raffael Brochero is “offering his testicles to anyone who will fund his trip to Europe” (Irish Independent, June 17). One hopes that if the trip materialises he will indeed have a ball.
THE WRITE WAY?
* With regard to the piece by Mary Kenny (Irish Independent, June 17), I feel the lady needs to consult a dictionary.
My ‘Little Oxford’ defines the word ‘icon’ as “sacred painting, mosaic, image, statue”, which is hardly applicable to Homo Sapiens?
HISTORY IS NOT BUNK
* I am appalled that a country once so proud of its military and political achievements can now consider getting rid of history as a compulsory Junior Cert subject. History is a key building block to any pupil’s education. We will develop a generation for whom the names Charles Stewart Parnell, Padraig Pearse and Michael Collins will become alien words.
Irish Independent

Hot

June 19, 2013

19 June 2013 hot

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, Captain Povey decides on a policy of divide and rule on Troutbridge. He will first get rid of Lr Murray, the intelligent one, and then the rest. So he sets Leslie and Pertwee against Murray, will it work?. Priceless.
Another quiet day We totter around and water the garden sort the plants and sweep the drive.
We watch The Pallaisers Cleggie is murdered by Mr Finn, finn tried but gets off.
Mary wins at scrabble and she get under 400 perhaps I can have my revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Jerome Karle
Jerome Karle, who has died aged 94, shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, jointly with Herbert Hauptman, for creating a method to determine the three-dimensional structure of molecules, a breakthrough that revolutionised research into new drugs.

Jerome Karle Photo: TIME&LIFE PICTURES/GETTY IMAGES
7:15PM BST 18 Jun 2013
Chemicals behave in the way they do because of their structure, yet before Hauptman and Karle began their collaboration at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington in the late 1940s, it could take years to determine the structure of even a simple molecule. X-ray crystallography had been developed (the technique involves bombarding a crystallised form of the molecule with X-rays and studying the patterns made on photographic film by the reflected beam), but could do little more than provide pointers about molecular structure. Solving the riddle — as Crick and Watson showed with their discovery of the DNA double helix — was largely a matter of inspired guesswork.
Hauptman and Karle’s breakthrough, published in 1953 , was to devise a method of analysing the X-ray patterns using probability theory to calculate the angles at which the X-ray beams are deflected as they pass near the electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom. They then came up with equations that translated this information into diagrams that reconstructed the arrangement of atoms in the crystal.
The new method took time to catch on, however, and it also needed modern computer technology to apply efficiently. When this came on stream in the late 1960s, scientists found that they could determine molecular structure much faster and without using guesswork. The method became indispensable to modern chemistry and the pharmaceutical industry with practical applications such as improved fertilisers and the synthesis of new antibiotics .
Announcing the award of the Nobel in 1985, the judges observed that it was “almost impossible” to give an example in the field of chemistry where the Hauptman-Karle method was not being used, adding that it had helped in the development of hundreds of modern drugs.
Jerome Karfunkle was born on June 18 1918 in Brooklyn to immigrants from Eastern Europe. He later changed his surname to Karle. After taking a degree in Biology from City College of New York in 1937 he went on to receive a Master’s degree in Biology from Harvard University and, in 1943, a doctorate in Physical Chemistry from the University of Michigan.
Towards the end of the Second World War he worked in Chicago on the Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb, researching the chemistry of extracting and purifying plutonium. Then in 1946 he moved to the Naval Research Laboratory, where he remained until he retired as chief scientist in 2009. At the same time he also taught Physics and Mathematics at the University of Maryland. He was elected to the American Academy of Sciences in 1976.
In 1942 he had married Isabella Lugosi, a fellow chemistry student at Michigan. She moved with him to the Naval Research Laboratory where she played a central role in drawing attention to her husband’s breakthrough by demonstrating its usefulness in solving the structures of complex molecules.
Karle was on a transatlantic flight when news came through of his Nobel Prize and it was the captain who gave him the good news: “We are honoured to have flying with us today America’s newest Nobel Prize winner, and he doesn’t even know it,” he informed the passengers. “In fact, the award is so new that Dr Jerome Karle, located in seat 29C, left Munich this morning before he could be notified .”
Karle is survived by his wife and three daughters. Herbert Hauptman died in 2011.
Jerome Karle, born June 18 1918, died June 6 2013

Guardian:

We are concerned at the threatened closure of the northern “national” science museums: Manchester Museum of Science and Industry, the National Railway Museum, York, and the National Media Museum, Bradford (Report, 5 June). These are of enormous value to both scholarly and popular understanding of our industrial and scientific heritage, and represent one of the few areas where there has been a concerted attempt to develop national museums outside London. The news of the threatened closure of institutions which preserve our industrial and cultural heritage is particularly ironic, given that it follows shortly on the heels of the prime minister announcing his strong backing for the creation of a London-based Margaret Thatcher Museum and Library, at a cost of £15m.
Peter Scott Professor of international business history, Henley Business School at the University of Reading
Etsuo ABE Meiji University in Tokyo
Alison Bancroft Queen Mary, University of London
Bernardo Batiz-Lazo Professor of business history and bank management, Bangor University
Mark Billings University of Exeter
Regina Lee Blaszczyk Professor of business history, University of Leeds
Alan Booth Professor of history, University of Exeter
David Boughey Associate professor & associate dean, University of Exeter Business School
Martin Campbell-Kelly University of Warwick
John Chartres Emeritus professor of social & economic history, University of Leeds
Martin Chick University of Edinburgh
D’Maris Coffman Director, Centre for Financial History, University of Cambridge
Bill Cooke Professor of management and society, Lancaster University Management School
Richard Coopey University of Aberystwyth
Stephanie Decker Aston Business School
Neil Forbes Professor of international history, Coventry University
Dave Goodwin
David J Jeremy Emeritus professor of business history, Manchester Metropolitan University
John Killick University of Leeds
Katey Logan Business Archives Council
Peter Lyth Nottingham University Business School
Niall MacKenzie University of Strathclyde
Mairi Maclean Professor of International Management and Organisation Studies, University of Exeter Business School
Christine MacLeod
Ian Martin Senior Lecturer in Business Information Technology, Leeds Metropolitan University
Rory Miller University of Liverpool Management School
Robert Millward Professor emeritus of economic history, University of Manchester
Peter Miskell Henley Business School at the University of Reading
Simon Mollan University of Liverpool Management School
Stephen L Morgan Professor of Chinese Economic History, University of Nottingham
Simon Mowatt Associate professor of management, AUT University, New Zealand
Lucy Newton Henley Business School at the University of Reading
Richard Noakes Senior lecturer in history, University of Exeter
Derek J Oddy Emeritus professor of economic and social history, University of Westminster
Brian O’ Sullivan
David Paulson University of Cambridge
Andrew Perchard University of Strathclyde Business School
Andrew Popp University of Liverpool Management School
Michael Pritchard De Montfort University
Michael Rowlinson Professor of organization studies, Queen Mary, University of London
Philip Scranton Professor, hstory of technology and science, Rutgers University, USA
Kevin D Tennent University of York
Steven Tolliday (University of Leeds), past president, Business History Conference
Steven Toms Professor of accounting, joint editor, Business History, University of Leeds
David Walker Scottish Oral History Centre, University of Strathclyde
James Walker Professor, Henley Business School at the University of Reading
Maggie Walsh Emeritus professor of American economic & social history, University of Nottingham
Peter Wardley Head of history, University of the West of England
Deborah Woodman University of Salford & Huddersfield
Judith Wright
Chris Wrigley Emeritus professor of modern British history, Nottingham University

Des Freedman points to Turkey as a lesson for what happens when media power works hand in hand with government (Letters, 18 June). We don’t have to look overseas to see this. Following the Guardian’s exclusive on 17 June about the government spying on G20 allies, the BBC website had not a single word on it. There was a D notice, but they are supposed to be advisory. And even if a D notice is obeyed, there is still so much that could have been reported. The BBC’s lack of coverage was sycophantic.
Chris Coghill
Oxford
• I joined the Co-op Bank in the 1980s because I am a socialist (Rescue deal to stave off Co-op nationalisation, 18 June). In my books and lectures, I have encouraged others to do the same. In vain if it now enters the stock market. I shall move my modest savings to my credit union and mutual building society.
Bob Holman
Glasgow
• Your editorial (14 June) claims that the departing Royal Bank of Scotland chief executive Stephen Hester “removed over £700bn in toxic assets”. Whither?
Adam Clapham
Karnataka, India
• Paul Neary wonders why it’s always a double whammy (Letters, 17 June). The legendary Screamin’ Jay Hawkins was afflicted by just one in his minor 1963 hit The Whammy, in which he suffers occult interference in his mental wellbeing from a “big woman with eyes of fury”: an apparent role reversal from his big hit I Put a Spell on You.
DBC Reed
Northampton
• As a child Charles Bukowski (poet, writer, dirty old man) was forced to mow and then manicure the lawn with scissors (Letters, 12 June). A bad job resulted in a beating from his father.
Alan Fry
London
• Have you noticed how popular items always “fly off the shelves” (Letters, 18 June). Are retailers now using drones?
David Anderson
Birmingham
• Does anyone know the age at which one “has had a fall” rather than “fell”?
Nick Broadhead
Liverpool

Sir Michael Wilshaw is no doubt correct that the next generation of EDL supporters are in today’s schools (Underachievement in state schools ‘creates moral and political danger’, 15 June) – as are the future bankers, tax avoiders, and benefit fraudsters (though he didn’t mention these). He is also right that we should “address the needs of our poorest children”, though he is wrong when he says: “It is an issue that can only be tackled by central government taking very clear and decisive action.”
National government has been trying to direct what schools do for the past 25 years, and still many young people leave school with a poor level of literacy and low examination results. Michael Gove’s current attempts to “raise the bar” of GCSE exams will only exacerbate the problem for them. If a few “bright” children from culturally “poor” homes get to Oxford or Cambridge in the elitist way that both Gove and Wilshaw seem to be expecting comprehensive school teachers to strive for, and go on to take “leading positions in society”, how will this help their less fortunate classmates?
Schools need to be freed from government diktats enforced by Ofsted inspections. Teachers want all their pupils to succeed in life, and they should be left, school by school, to decide how best to contribute to that success. The contributions that government should make are to reduce the inequality in our society (living wage and progressive taxation) and to promote job creation.
Emeritus Professor Michael Bassey
Newark, Nottinghamshire
•  Reading the interview with Michael Wilshaw was very much a case of “I told you so” for me. In 2005 I produced a report on the subject. . While focused on Birmingham, it had much wider application and was used as the main text for a parliamentary debate which had been instigated by Richard Burden, MP for Birmingham Northfield. The government had responded positively, but then they lost the election. My report made the link between underachievement and extremism. I had also drawn attention to other consequences of underachievement such as crime.
Since then, I have also produced other research reports offering a way forward on this issue. My most comprehensive and recent report on the subject, White Working-Class Underachievement – A Case for Positive Action, made the case for giving the white working class the “minority treatment”. One point on which I do agree with you is that the underachieving groups change. I have pointed out in my recently published book, Dear Birmingham – A Conversation with My Hometown, that, in the foreseeable future, Pakistani boys in the city will probably become the main losers in the education lottery. Like their white neighbours, many also head for antisocial activity, unless, of course, something is done about it.
Karamat Iqbal
Birmingham
• As youth unemployment rose in 1976, Arnold Weinstock, managing director of the General Electric Company, wrote a letter in the Times Education Supplement headed “I blame the teachers” for not preparing pupils for employment. Since then relentless repetition by other leading industrialists, politicians and now the chief inspector of schools, Michael Wilshaw, has deflected attention from employers’ and government responsibility to provide jobs to be prepared for.
Wilshaw also blames “underachievement in state schools” for lack of social mobility. However many “skills” – or rather qualifications – teachers give students, it will not restart the limited upward social mobility from working to middle class that existed in a growing economy from 1945 to 1973. Today even young people who succeed in education find ascent difficult as most mobility is downward. Automation and outsourcing have deskilled much employment, not created “a knowledge economy”. This did not prevent Michael Gove, in the House of Commons last week, from holding the examinations system responsible for the UK’s “failure to compete” with Pacific rim countries. Rather than more such delusions about education, alternative economic policies are required.
Professor Patrick Ainley
University of Greenwich
•  Another reason why pupils may not achieve their predicted grades relates to the choices they make for their GCSE exams. In my school some very able students can be identified as underachieving based on their primary performance. These pupils are the ones that select a range of academic subjects at GCSE. Besides maths, English and English literature they may select separate sciences, one or more modern languages and humanities subjects.
This is a challenging suite of subjects and some students may achieve A and B grades rather than A* and A. Many higher-ability students add to the richness of their education by involving themselves in sport or music. In short, they maximise their potential.
Annually, we do a trawl of students that “underachieved” at GCSE and examine the routes they take beyond sixth form. Many go on to university, including Russell Group universities. Suggesting some pupils underachieve based on one set of primary school results is unhelpful and does not contribute as meaningfully as it might to the debate about standards in our schools.
Martin Shevill
Principal, Ossett academy and sixth-form college, Ossett, West Yorkshire
•  Blaming schools for underachieving pupils is as effective as blaming dentists for poor dental hygiene or doctors for obesity etc. Pupils spend 16% of their lives in school – less if they truant – and teachers, for all their energy, enthusiasm, innovative strategies and policies, encouragement and inspiration, cannot fully redress the failings of inadequate parenting. (Also: the pressure to reduce exclusions means disruptive pupils remain in classes to hinder the learning and teaching opportunities for the majority of better-adjusted pupils – which undermines achievement of all pupils.)
Accurate predictions of underachievement can be better deduced from family support, or lack of it, than from the school a child attends. Far more effective than tackling underachieving through schools would be a policy of early intervention, and training/encouraging/supporting parents to value and encourage their children’s education, long before they start school.
S O’Tierney
Paisley, Renfrewshire
• Rendel Harris (Letters, 18 June) is absolutely right about Gove’s lack of logic. Teachers are currently under relentless pressure to “close the gaps” in pupils’ achievement. This means that children with special educational needs or disabilities, those with English as an additional language, and those who are eligible for free school meals are expected to meet the levels of attainment deemed to be appropriate for their age group. Many of these children need to make more rapid progress than other children so as to catch up with their peers; schools and teachers are expected to target time and resources to enable this to happen. To summarise then, Mr Gove desires that: 1) end of key stage 4 exams be made harder so that fewer children attain the top grades; 2) more of the “brightest” children attain the top grades; and 3) no one fails to meet targets originally conceived as measuring the average level of attainment. Mathematical nonsense clearly. Is this muddled and inconsistent thinker somehow trying to achieve a system where only the most gifted shine and everyone else just populates a new bog-standard mass? We can only wonder. And despair.
Jane Duffield-Bish
Hethersett, Norfolk

The prisoners voting bill before parliament presents an opportunity to lift the unjust and outdated ban on all sentenced prisoners taking part in our democratic process. While those who have committed crimes may be rightly deprived of their liberty, they never cease to be citizens. The current system of blanket disenfranchisement is a violation of the UK’s obligations under the European convention of human rights, sending a poor message to both people in prison and society as a whole.
The ban undermines efforts to help prisoners reform their lives and take responsibility, by suggesting that their opinions are unwanted and their voices do not count. A large number of people sent to prison have already been marginalised as a result of poverty, poor education, abuse and neglect. Removing their basic democratic voting rights only compounds this harmful exclusion.
Prison governors and officials, chief inspectors, electoral commissioners, legal and constitutional experts, civil society organisations, faith groups and most other European governments recognise that people in prison should not be automatically disenfranchised. We hope that MPs and peers considering the issue will do likewise and take this opportunity to overturn the blanket ban.
Most Rev Peter Smith Archbishop of Southwark
Rt Rev James Jones Lord bishop of Liverpool (bishop for prisons)
Lord Woolf Chair, Prison Reform Trust
Lord Ramsbotham
Peter Bottomley MP
Juliet Lyon Director, Prison Reform Trust
Shami Chakrabarti Director, Liberty
Frances Crook Chief executive, Howard League for Penal Reform
Frank Kantor General secretary, Free Churches Group
John Scott Chair, Howard League Scotland
Deborah Coles Co-director, Inquest
Nuala Mole Senior lawyer, Aire Centre
Clive Martin Director, Clinks
Olwen Lyner CEO, Niacro
Angela Clay Chair, Association of Members of Independent Monitoring Boards
Chris Stacey Director (services), Unlock

Dr Selina Todd is wrong about our relationship with the University of Liverpool (Letters, June 16). Liverpool College is an independent school with 813 pupils which has chosen to become an academy. That decision was made by our governors, not the university. One reason for our decision – and the government’s support of it – is that we have an established record of more than 50% of our pupils gaining admittance to a Russell Group university.
We believe that, as an academy, we will be able to provide the excellent sixth-form preparation we provide to our fee-paying pupils to more pupils from a wider social and economic background, without regard to ability to pay. The more than 100 applications we have received for our sixth form and the 500 applications for year 7 seem to suggest that the people of Liverpool agree. In 2009 Liverpool College became an associated college of the University of Liverpool. This partnership has provided local state-school pupils with access to Latin and Greek; sixth formers, including those in state schools, with access to a philosophy course at the university; and has enabled the school to serve the community.
No pupil in our boarding programme, either from the EU or outside the EU, is guaranteed an offer or a place at the University of Liverpool. I have no idea where Dr Todd got that idea – except, perhaps, in overhearing the idle gossip of fellow historians in the corridors of academia. Liverpool University far surpasses Oxford in its effective outreach to non-traditional students and in its enrolment of pupils from poorer backgrounds. We are proud to partner with the university in making Russell Group education more available to pupils from poorer backgrounds.
Hans van Mourik Broekman
Principal, Liverpool College
• Fiona Millar says that “converting all academies back into maintained schools would be a massive and costly undertaking” (Education, 11 June). But this is not what David Wolfe actually says in his Education Law Journal article. What would be expensive would be to transfer land ownership. But that isn’t necessary – local authorities don’t own the land of foundation schools, including voluntary-aided schools, but they remain maintained schools.
Wolfe demonstrates that funding agreements can be overridden to bring academies into line with maintained schools, with the local authority as the admissions authority for all schools. The crucial question, then, which Fiona Millar doesn’t address, is what a Labour government should do about chains of academies “sponsored” – ie owned and controlled – by private organisations. But the full integration of academies into a reconstructed – and democratised – local authority system requires that no school is controlled by an external private organisation. (I do not refer to denominational schools here: that’s a separate issue.) It only requires the secretary of state to terminate the funding agreements with sponsors, including their control of governing bodies by appointees.
If a school wants to continue a partnership with an ex-sponsor, as with any external organisation, it should be able to do so, but this does not require any power to be handed over to it from the reconstituted governing body. Let’s see how many of these millionaires and overpaid officers who run chains of academies retain their enthusiasm for education when they are asked to support schools, but not control them.
Richard Hatcher
Birmingham

Fitting that Bradley Manning’s photo should be juxtaposed in World Roundup (7 June) with the famous shot of the Tiananmen Square tank stand-off, on the occasion of the release of the last “counter-revolutionary”, Jiang Yaqun. Our 19th-century idea “My country, right or wrong” is fixed still in the heartland of the Homeland. Manning stands solitary with his back up against the wall under a truncated Bill of Rights, in the unenviable position of being both military and incarcerated.
The 13th amendment that freed the slaves kept an exception – “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist”. That he is not yet sentenced is but a minor detail to his jailers. “Cut him down to size” would seem the modus operandi at the Humiliation Hilton. The military still cherishes its own quasi-legal world, where one’s body is not one’s own.
Gary Younge has sensed the self-righteous knee-jerk reaction, our instinct for striking at the mere messenger – obfuscating and sublimating a nation’s misfeasance upon a single scapegoat of biblical wrath (Hypocrisy lies at the heart of the Manning prosecution, 7 June). A Job surrounded by a thousand jobsworths. This straw man has backbone enough to stand his ground, to stand his accusers.
R M Fransson
Denver, Colorado, US
• Democracy and hypocrisy has been a hallmark of US foreign policy since the second world war. Bradley Manning merely educated a wider audience through the wonderful invention called the internet. God bless this young American hero!
Carmelo Bazzano
Melbourne, Australia
Buying the continent
I was interested to read Ngugi wa Thiong’o's perceptive piece on the African Union (Unity is still an African dream, 31 May). He rightly points out that the people of Africa need some form of protection from the “traditional marauders of the west” and also from those African heads of state who are happy to collude with them. The equality gap is not closing despite impressive GDP growth in many African countries.
However, in relation to his question “Has anyone ever heard of African-owned corporations in the west?”, the answer is yes: the recent acquisition of major Portuguese companies by oil-rich Angolans, many with ties to President José Eduardo dos Santos.
While those of us on the sidelines may initially wish to sit back and applaud this reversal as an example of the empire fighting back, we also have to acknowledge that it is unlikely to benefit the people of Africa in real terms. It is interesting that although Ngugi refers to the proliferation of western-owned corporations in the continent, he does not mention the role of China, which is definitely in pursuit of Africa’s resources. Is that likely to prove more or less advantageous for ordinary Africans? Interestingly, in the case of Angola, huge amounts of Chinese credit are probably also funding the spending spree in Portugal.
Christine Ayorinde
Braga, Portugal
Let children run free
How sad that today’s kids seldom enjoy the healthy outdoor fun that earlier generations had. I don’t see that there’s more “stranger danger” now than 50 years ago, just more fear, especially when both parents work (Why parents should let kids roam at will, 24 May).
However, your article finally mentioned that parents have to teach civility and responsibility as well as self-reliance, even in the relatively uncivilised societies the author keeps citing. Our children will enter a community that wants to pass our culture, our civilisation on to them, and parents are its first representatives in their lives. Children need a balance – some time each day to enjoy freedom and immersion in nature on one hand, and some for education for their future in the civilised world on the other.
So here’s a plug for good old-fashioned family dinner time, everyone sitting down together to enjoy a shared meal. If kids are there from babyhood on, it’s not coercion, just part of everyone’s day. Here they learn, by example, community skills: conversation, listening and replying, learning about and caring about one another, passing dishes and condiments around. The stage is set for them to make their contribution to family life. If everyone’s focus is the community, battles over food are much less likely.
Isabel Best
Belmont, Massachusetts, US
• I would have thought that the child-rearing technique of ignoring babies and leaving them to cry without picking them up and nurturing them had gone out of vogue. It was popular back in the 1940s and while it may have induced independence, it also led to a mistrust of others. When children aren’t nurtured or given love when they need it, they grow up to feel that no one cares if they’re afraid, uncomfortable or in need of basic support. It leads to insecurity and a lack of self-confidence. If children don’t feel love from their parents, they can’t feel love for themselves. The main way a child gets love from the parents is from being held and nurtured and made to feel that feelings matter. Nurture your children. Love them. “Do unto others….” If you were terrified of being left alone, wouldn’t you want someone to hold you and reassure you? It’s common sense and should be instinctive. Yes, if you leave them to cry, they soon learn not to, but this is done at the risk of teaching them that no one cares.
D Smith
Seattle, Washington, US
• Yes it would be wonderful if all children could roam free, but having lived in some primitive cultures I feel that the boys have the freedom but the girls are expected to do heavy duty chores from a young age: fetch water, gather firewood, cultivate the land and go up dangerous scaffolds. In India one seldom sees a girl out playing, so could we hear a little about what happens to girls in these cultures? I have seen and met street children in Kolkata and many of them are delighted to know when the next meal is coming when they are attending charity schools. So for some it is freedom at a price.
Gemma Hensey
Westport, Ireland
Apply tax to turnover
In his article Globalisation is about taxes too (7 June), Joseph Stiglitz is wrong when he claims that “any country that threatened to impose fair corporate taxes would be punished”. This comment is only true if taxes are applied to territorial profits. It is not true if the tax is applied to territorial turnover, which cannot be fiddled or moved without loss.
As most complaints about corporate tax-dodging compare the minuscule amounts of tax paid against the relevant turnover, it follows that turnover would generally be seen as a “fair” basis for corporate taxation. Such a tax should be graduated, with higher rates at higher levels of turnover, to distinguish it from VAT and to act as a deterrent to excessive dominance of the market by large companies. It would then be a genuine corporate tax, rather than a consumer tax in disguise, paid for from the economies of scale enjoyed by larger companies.
A graduated turnover tax of this kind is certainly fairer than Stiglitz’s own suggestion that “any firm selling goods [in the US] could be obliged to pay a tax on its global profits” without any regard to how much of that firm’s turnover is actually in the US.
John Wood
Cheltenham, UK
• I congratulate Joseph Stiglitz for alerting us to the dangers posed by globalised tax avoidance. Tax avoidance may be unjust and socially divisive at a national level. It is a catastrophe internationally.
By denying sovereign governments an equitable share of the tax revenue owed by corporations, they subvert democracy. The state can no longer afford schools, hospitals, protection of the vulnerable and the security of citizens. Pressured to reduce taxes on income, the state has become a pauper, no longer able to pay its debts because its income source has been compromised.
Voters no longer have a choice when the fundamental policies of all but the least significant parties are identical – protect the interests of globalisation first and last. This is not consensus politics nor a “rush to the centre” of public opinion. It is the rigor mortis of democracy. It is, as Stiglitz concludes, much deeper than corporate tax avoidance.
Chris Ayres
Wellington Point, Queensland, Australia
Pollution is a form of theft
How discouraging to see a front page that celebrates the role of worker-friendly industries in the German economy, yet doesn’t mention that the ecocidal underside of such growth is rapidly destroying planetary life-support systems (How Germany rode the storm, 7 June). Economics not grounded in ecological facts are built over a sewer, and based on a dual lie: that Earth’s resources exist solely to be exploited, and that the biosphere has an infinite capacity to absorb our excrement. We’re living at 30% beyond the planet’s ability to restore itself. Crucial systems such as climate, oceans, fresh water, soil and biodiversity are already radically overdrawn. Bankruptcy is too late. Who pays?
Pollution is theft – from less privileged human beings, the 7 billion whose wellbeing is inseparable from our own. How do we shift from a world-view predicating the manufacture and consumption of endlessly disposable stuff as the be-all and end-all of human endeavour, before we irrevocably foul our own nest?
We must account for every ecological cost as rigorously as we monitor fiscal affairs, and perceive true wealth as stable climate, fresh air, pure water, biodiversity and abundant wilderness.
Annie March
West Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
Bad road behaviour
The 387 people killed in accidents on the German autobahns in 2012 only tells part of the story (End of the road for autobahn autonomy?, 31 May). It takes no account of the numerous injuries (27,928) or the atmosphere of machismo and intimidation. As an example, I was driving on the autobahn late one night a few weeks ago. I had the temerity to move into the fast lane (at a “pedestrian” 140km/h) causing a driver, who was many hundreds of metres further back, to have to slow down from his (I think we can assume he was a “he”) 200-plus km/h, something he didn’t do until the very last few metres with headlights flashing. After I moved back into the middle lane, he then repeatedly tried to force me off the road by swerving violently towards my vehicle. He then dropped back so that I could not get his registration.
If he’d known my car also contained my wife and three children under five years of age, I cannot be sure he would have behaved any differently.
Jim Thomson
Salzburg, Austria
Briefly
• The only argument I can advance for keeping the coronation ceremony as a religious one is that we get the opportunity to hear that magnificent cathedral choir belting out Zadok the Priest (31 May). What a magnum opus! I have tears in my eyes by the second bar.
Kitty Monk
Auckland, New Zealand

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David Cameron was entitled to a big sigh of relief last night, perhaps even a small shot of Old Bushmills. He brought the G8 summit in on time, without disruption, and almost on song. The leaders of the world’s richest countries found enough in common to produce an accord not just on tax and trade, as promised, but on the vexed question of Syria, too.
The Prime Minister also stole some of Brussels’ thunder by announcing the start of talks on what could be a truly world-changing trade treaty between the EU and the US – an agreement, what is more, that might even persuade sceptical Britons that the UK is better in the EU than out. Not bad, it might be judged, for a bare 24 hours’ work. The landscape was easy on the eye, too – about as far from the images of the Troubles as it was possible to be.
The difficulty is that ‘twixt cup and lip there can be many a slip, and the hitches that could  crop up as the EU-US trade talks get under way may be the least of them. Of more immediate concern must be the strikingly tentative nature of the declaration on tax transparency, where signatories have agreed to nothing stronger than the word “should” – as in “automatically share information to fight the scourge of tax evasion”; as in making “companies report to tax authorities what tax they pay where”; as in tax collectors and law enforcers being able to obtain information about companies and who really owns them. How about “G8 member-governments have a legal obligation to…”? 
The accord on Syria was more encouraging, if only because it shifted the agenda from the thorny issue of arms for the rebels on to principles for talks involving all interested parties, and a transition scenario expressly designed to prevent an Iraq-style vacuum. Vladimir Putin’s fingerprints can be discerned on some of this. But if there is now G8 convergence on a framework for talks in Geneva, this is an advance on the Cameron-Putin slanging match in Downing Street. Perhaps the calm waters of Lough Erne had the necessary soothing effect, after all.

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Is poetry un-military? The Israeli army thinks so. A poetic squaddie from the Nahal Infantry Brigade was about to recite some verses on a radio station in Jerusalem when he was recalled by his commander and told his on-air Parnassian effusions would “ruin the image of the combat soldier”.
We beg to differ. Poetry and soldiering have gone hand in hand from ancient times. What is Homer’s Iliad but an epic poem about the siege and sack of Troy? And there isn’t a troop of infantry alive that wouldn’t thrill to a recital of GK Chesterton’s “Lepanto” (“Thronging of the thousands up that labour under sea/ White for bliss and blind for sun and stunned for liberty!”)
And if the Israeli Defence Forces need lead in their pencil, may we recommend Byron’s “The Destruction of Sennacherib”: “And the might of the Gentile, unsmote by the sword,/ Hath melted like snow in the glance of the Lord.

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It was neither a scuttle nor a rout. Taking place a year-and-a-half before Nato’s planned withdrawal, yesterday’s handover to Afghan state forces, though tainted by yet another terrorist attack, could be described as dignified. Both Anders Fogh Rasmussen, the Nato Secretary-General, and President Hamid Karzai found optimistic words to mark the occasion.
Despite this, however, there was no disguising that this is a war the West has lost. It was launched to destroy a regime that had put itself beyond the pale by throwing down the welcome mat to Osama bin Laden. But even without that fatal error, the Taliban state was a diplomatic pariah, shunned by almost the whole world, enforcing a version of Islam that shuttered girls and wives inside their homes, banned music and all other entertainment and staged public executions and amputations in Kabul’s football stadium. By sheltering al-Qa’ida they brought the war on their heads, but theirs was a brutal, medieval regime that offered long-suffering Afghans no lasting hope of improvement in their lives. The only achievement to their credit was that they had come close to pacifying the country after the sanguinary years of Mujahedin civil war. 
Within weeks of the war’s beginning, the Taliban had fled Kabul, Kandahar and other cities, and reckless voices in the West were proclaiming victory. But anyone familiar with the Afghan way of warfare knew it was nothing of the sort: as in every other war fought in that country, the Taliban melted away and mustered their forces to fight another day. And that is precisely what they have done. Twelve years on they are ubiquitous and stronger than ever. The fact that Nato is pulling out does not mean the war is over: it means that the full onus of resisting the Taliban from now on rests on the frail shoulders of the Afghan national army, which has been losing a third of its force to desertions every year. 
After the loss of 444 British soldiers in the war, the Government is naturally keen to represent Britain’s withdrawal as a positive development, akin to the granting of independence to a former colony. But there is nothing to be gained by pretending that this particular adventure has been anything but a catastrophe, a case of neo-imperial hubris armour-plated with historical ignorance and illuminated by dreams of transforming Afghanistan into a secularised democracy – dreams which had already been shattered twice in the previous half century.
Announcing that, as he put it, “From tomorrow all security operations will be in the hands of the Afghan security forces,” President Karzai also said that he would send representatives to Qatar to start talks with the senior Taliban who have been there for more than two years, waiting to open an office. But who will talk to whom about what? Yesterday White House officials also announced imminent talks with the Taliban, on condition that the Islamist militia renounce violence, break ties with al-Qa’ida and respect the Afghan constitution.
It is not impossible that the Taliban will agree those terms. Given that they are not given to hypocrisy, however, it must be considered unlikely. From the Taliban’s perspective, the Nato handover means that their 12-year war has entered a brilliantly promising new phase: not only have the most professional forces ranged against them withdrawn to barracks, but the Afghan troops, though in theory receiving Nato  air support, have in fact been left largely to their own devices. The Afghan state we are leaving behind is weak, corrupt and bitterly divided, and it is not clear how long it will survive. The challenge of the next 18 months is to do all we can to strengthen it, while eradicating its most glaring weaknesses.

Times:

‘We enter the Syrian conflict with the best of intentions, but at our peril’ — comparisons are made with the Spanish Civil War
Sir, Syria is “awash with weapons” you tell us, yet suggest that we should send more (“Save Syria”, leading article, June 18). You also think that “moderate rebels” can be distinguished from “murderous thugs”. That is more to be wished for than achieved, with any number of militants now in the fray who have no love of democracy or the democratic wishes of the average Syrian.
It’s clear that the population is split, with as many supporting the current regime as opposing it. Should we, though, take sides?
We have helped to overthrow two of the world’s most brutal tyrants in Gaddafi and Saddam. We chased the Taleban from Afganistan. We cheered the ousting of Mubarak. The outcome was other forms of religiously and/or tribally split governance. The aftermath of our exertions and loss of British lives has left administrations which are basically anti-Western, anti-women, anti-Israel and anti-Semitic.
Tony Blair was right about going in to Sierra Leone and Kosovo, a fact conveniently forgotten. Our military adventures since then have hardly been great successes. We enter the Syrian conflict with the best of intentions, but at our peril.
Barry Hyman
Bushey Heath, Herts
Sir, The House of Commons resolution on Iraq, agreeing to the Government’s actions in going to war, was a parliamentary Rubicon. Given that there has been no official “declaration of war” since the one against Siam in 1942, for a host of legal reasons, the most likely scenario now is armed conflict and/or the commitment of troops.
I believe the convention has now evolved that parliamentary approval is required for armed conflict. The supply of arms is very near to this, with the inevitable danger of “mission creep.” It is not, in my view, realistic for the Prime Minister and his Cabinet to act in such a manner without parliamentary approval, bearing in mind the House of Lords Constitutional Committee Report (2006),Waging War: Parliament’s role and responsibility, to which Lord Mayhew of Twysden and I gave evidence as former Attorney-Generals.
Lord Morris of Aberavon
House of Lords
Sir, Those who continue to vacillate or oppose intervention in Syria on the grounds that it would make a bleak situation worse are making the Syrian people victims of their own short-sightedness. They are quick to quote precedent in Iraq and Afghanistan to support their point of view. In fact, the correct historical precedent of what is unfolding in Syria is the Spanish Civil War. Inaction came at a terrible cost then, as it will continue to do now.
David Gross
Jerusalem
Sir, I fear that Vladimir Putin is right. Giving arms to the Syrian rebels would be like Margaret Thatcher handing weapons to the splinter groups of the IRA in the wake of the Remembrance Day massacre in Enniskillen in 1987, except that it would be even worse because we do not know who these people are.
Fr Tom Grufferty
Havant, Hants
Sir, If the West wants to end the carnage in Syria the quickest way to do so will be for Assad to win the civil war — no matter how much we may abhor his regime. Increasing arms supplies to the rebels will prolong the conflict with an inevitable increase in deaths.
Keith Bates
Cambridge

Proposals for radical reform of bereavement benefit will deeply affect those who are bringing up children after the loss of a partner
Sir, At any age, the death of one’s mother or father brings change and challenge. For a young child, it brings a bewildering range of powerful feelings and changed routines, and often further painful losses. The care and support of their other parent is crucial in helping them adapt to a radically changed life.
The current system of Widowed Parents’ Allowance allows parents the flexibility to provide this support, with weekly payments until the youngest child no longer qualifies for Child Benefit. This support system is under threat: the Government has included proposals for radical reform of bereavement benefit in the Pensions Bill, proposing to pay it for just one year. We estimate that 90 per cent of new claimants would be worse off under the proposed new scheme, and those with younger children — who can currently make longer claims — will be particularly badly affected.
Amid the discussions about second-tier pensions and the State Pension age, let us not forget that thousands of grieving children each year will be affected by the changes proposed.
Professor Sir Al Aynsley-Green, Childhood Bereavement Network; Debbie Kerslake, Cruse Bereavement Care; Ann Chalmers, Child Bereavement UK; Georgia Elms, WAY Widowed & Young; Catherine Ind, Winston’s Wish; Judith Moran, Quaker Social Action; Caroline Davey, Gingerbread; Anthony Thomas, Low Incomes Tax Reform Group; Helen Shaw, INQUEST

From evidence gained at the Glastonbury Festival, the use of alcohol and ‘hard’ drugs cause far more damage than cannabis does
Sir, Libby Purves bemoans parents who smoke cannabis at music festivals because it could cause their children to copy them and develop psychotic illness (Opinion, June 17). Next weekend four fellow consultant psychiatrists and I will be providing cover to the medical facility at the Glastonbury Festival. If previous years are anything to go by, alcohol will be the main cause of physical injury. Severe psychiatric disturbance will be primarily caused by “hard” stimulant drugs, especially cocaine, mephedrone and other former “legal highs”. Cannabis barely features.
Contrary to Ms Purves’s assertion, it is far from clear whether the relationship between cannabis and schizophrenia is causal. But, as with any drug including alcohol, there is no doubt that heavy or daily cannabis use does the mind no favours whatsoever.
The middle classes are happy to contend that introducing their offspring gradually to alcohol during adolescence while modelling sensible drinking behaviour themselves reduces the likelihood of binge drinking. Why should the same not hold for cannabis?
Dr Rich Braithwaite
Ryde, Isle of Wight

It is all very well attacking HMRC but it can only demand tax which is due under the current legislation, not that which it may ‘feel’ is due
Sir, Nothing in Hugo Rifkind’s entertaining article (June 18) alters the position that HMRC can only demand tax that is legally due, and it cannot issue tax demands on any other basis. The geographic location of a sale does not of itself create a legally due corporation tax liability, which is just as well, as it would result in export businesses (including British companies) paying the equivalent of corporation tax on the same profit in multiple overseas jurisdictions, and would render most international trade uneconomic.
Richard Horton, FCA
Purley, Surrey

The design of a prison is far more important than the size, as well as appropriate resourcing, good management, and trained staff
Sir, The conversion of Oxford prison into a hotel was a highly successful commercial venture (report, June 17).
The argument about super-prisons being wrong is nonsensical. It depends how they are designed and resourced and where they can be located. If we can save money by building purpose-built super-prisons and then feed back some of the savings made into community solutions, as suggested by Juliet Lyon, then we all win. If reducing offending through robust community schemes helps to reduce the prison population, and if building super-prisons and resourcing them to support rehabilitation reduces offending, then we have created a virtuous circle. Smaller prisons are less cost-effective and are not necessarily more effective at rehabilitation than larger ones. Intelligent design, appropriate resourcing, excellent management and well-trained staff are the key factors in developing successful prisons — size is a subsidiary factor.
John Berry
Retired prison governor, Leicester

Telegraph:

SIR – Today, Maria Miller, the culture secretary, is to meet internet companies to urge them voluntarily to tackle child abuse images online. We call on the Prime Minister to take urgent action against violent and misogynistic pornography online.
We specifically want the Government to close a loophole in the pornography legislation that allows the lawful possession in England and Wales of pornographic images that depict rape, so long as the actors are over 18. This means that images titled “teen slut rape” and “schoolgirl rape” are lawful to possess. Depictions of necrophilia and bestiality are criminalised by the same legislation, meaning that animals and dead people are better protected than women and girls.
A change in the English law would send a clear message that it is illegal to possess pornographic images that promote sexual violence against women. We are dismayed that this loophole exists, especially at a time when the media carries many stories about the sexual abuse of women and girls, including the recent convictions for murdering young girls of Mark Bridger and Stuart Hazell, both cases involving violent pornography.
A recent report by the Children’s Commissioner found that children have easy access to online pornography and that this influences boys’ harmful attitudes and behaviour towards women and girls.
We are concerned that “rape porn” undermines the Government’s efforts to tackle sexual violence. The Government should close this loophole immediately.
Justine Roberts
Mumsnet
Janice Langley
National Federation of Women’s Institutes
Professor Claire McGlynn
University of Durham
Professor Erika Rackley
University of Durham
Professor Liz Kelly
London Metropolitan University
Lee Eggleston
Rape Crisis England and Wales
Fiona Elvines
Rape Crisis South London
Holly Dustin
End Violence Against Women Coalition
Laura Bates
Everydaysexism
Lucy Holmes
No More Page 3
Kay Carberry
Assistant General Secretary, TUC
Dr Wanda Wyporska
Association of Teachers and Lecturers
Sandy Brindley
Rape Crisis Scotland
Natasha Walter
Writer

SIR – Further to the debate regarding grass versus floral lawns (Letters, June 15), I’d like to express my dismay over the “make-over” of some gardens that have featured on television programmes.
I enjoy seeing how the properties have been transformed, but wait with some trepidation to see what has become of the overgrown garden. Admittedly brambles are not particularly child-friendly, although good for wildlife, but do all the trees and bushes need removing? What happens to the wildlife reliant on these plants?
Surely there is room for compromise; a grassy area for the occupants of the house to use, but some prudent pruning of shrubs and trees not only enhances the garden by providing shade, but would also encourage some creatures to remain, rather than flee a barren landscape.
Leri Kinder
Wilmslow, Cheshire

SIR – Boris Johnson (Comment, June 17) is right to warn against arming the Syrian rebels. The interventions by America and Iran have turned the Syrian conflict into a proxy war between Washington and Tehran. Russia’s continuing support of the Assad regime further exacerbates the situation, and any British involvement will only result in increased escalation of the violence.
The moment to intervene was two years ago, at the same time as British and French forces were assisting the Libyan uprising. The failure to do so allowed Islamic radicals to become involved, and now any aid for the Syrian rebels will indirectly support the fundamentalists. That we did not aid the rebels two years ago is regrettable, but providing support now would be a grave strategic error.
Gareth Wood
Wigan, Lancashire
SIR – There is an irony that it should be France and Britain, along with America, who are calling for the arming of so-called “friendly” opposition groups to further fuel the Syrian tragedy. For it is they who share responsibility for the Middle East debacle that emanated from the two World Wars, and the subsequent pursuit of what, at the time, they saw as their vital interests.
Until the deeply imbedded injustices that flowed from the Balfour Declaration, the Sykes-Picot Agreement, the MacMahon-Hussein Correspondence and the Treaties of Sèvres and Lausanne are addressed, there can never be a lasting solution to Syria or to Lebanon, Gaza, the West Bank and Iraq. These issues are intertwined.
Alas, I doubt very much whether the G8, in its policy deliberations, is capable of seeing that far back or, indeed, forward.
William Pender
Salisbury, Wiltshire
SIR – Arab nations are quick to criticise the West for intervening. So why aren’t they making moves to help sort things out?
Peter Cowey
Ponteland, Northumberland
SIR – If the West sends arms to the Syrian rebels, the Russians will counter with even more murderous weapons supplied to the regime. The result: a longer war. Slaughter has occurred on both sides, so how can one choose who the “goodies” are? The only way to stop politicians from involving us in other countries’ business is to vote them out of office.
Martin Bellamy
Cirencester, Gloucestershire
SIR – Vladimir Putin, the Russian President, prefers to talk to David Cameron about trade, not Syria. What is wrong with that? Ask the average British worker if the Government should focus on the economy rather than Middle East politics, and you know what answer most will give.
The restoration of Britain as a major international trading nation must be given priority. This will necessitate investment in our Merchant Marine and Royal Navy.
Mark Harland
Scarborough, North Yorkshire
Teacher qualifications
SIR – If Labour forms the next government, Stephen Twigg, the shadow education secretary, has promised that unqualified teachers in our free schools and academies will either have to get qualifications or face the sack (report, June 17). However, in America, three major studies have found that there is no statistically significant difference in the academic achievement of pupils taught by unqualified teachers.
Closer to home, our independent schools have long employed a significant percentage of unqualified teachers, yet they are widely regarded as among the best in the world. The same cannot be said of our state schools.
If Mr Twigg is prepared to sack teachers without any evidence that they are under-performing, he is merely betraying himself as a lackey of the teaching unions.
Prof Tom Burkard
Norwich
Tax haven status
SIR – Ashley Mote (Letters, June 17) correctly argues that some Crown Dependencies depend upon their tax haven status. The Isle of Man, where I grew up, transformed itself from a failing tourist destination to a functioning tax haven.
The bold decisions to slash income tax and abolish inheritance tax taken by Manx politicians in the Sixties restored prosperity to the island. A nation cannot survive on kippers alone.
Anne Saunders
Alresford, Hampshire
SIR – Perhaps David Cameron should set an example to the multinationals and make public his own tax returns, as the American president is required to do.
The last three prime ministers have ignored this suggestion, but if you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear.
B E Kerrison
London SW4
Tipping on the Tarmac
SIR – Do councils have a Tarmac allowance? A paving stone near my house that jutted out has recently been corrected not by lifting, levelling and being placed on a sand bed, but by having a large dollop of Tarmac dropped on it. This has created an unsightly black mound which is likely to catch the night-time walker by surprise.
What other uses will the council find for their Tarmac? Repairing broken street lamps? I can’t wait to find out.
Hugh Bebb
Sunbury-on-Thames, Middlesex
Caught on camera
SIR – On seeing the photographs (June 17) of Charles Saatchi grabbing hold of his wife Nigella Lawson’s throat, I cannot help wonder if they were evidence of another problem. If one witnesses such a scene is the default position now just to photograph it?
History gives us many examples of individuals stepping in to defuse situations; I just hope camera phones have not stopped good citizenship.
John Bromhall
Edinburgh
End of the Archers
SIR – Dr Andrew Crawshaw (Letters, June 17) asks what would be the effect of the removal by the BBC of the Archers.
The answer is that it would mark the end of civilisation as we know it. All that would remain would be a flickering shadow of the world as it presently exists, between 7.02pm and 7.15pm each day. Saturday would remain as a cultural wilderness.
Chris Middleton
Rotherham, South Yorkshire
SIR – To Archers addicts, the removal of our friends in Ambridge would be like removing Test Match Special from cricket fans.
Linda Read
London SW14
Train of thought
SIR – Because of a change in train times, my friend now has to wait for half an hour for a connection at Basingstoke station, while travelling from Leamington Spa to Salisbury. We should welcome suggestions about how she might spend the time.
Martin Robinson
Stockton, Warwickshire
Doctors should be able to opt out of league tables
SIR – Your report (“How bad doctors can hide failings”, June 13) quotes a senior Whitehall source who described the option for surgeons to opt out of release of mortality and other data relating to their individual surgical practice as “farcical”. I take a different view.
Orthopaedic surgeons may have valid reasons for choosing not to publish their data at this time. Orthopaedic surgery data are being taken from the National Joint Registry (NJR), an audit of hip and knee replacement surgery that has been running for over 10 years. More than 1.3 million operations have now been recorded. The technical data collected are analysed to provide a rich source of evidence on good surgical practice, implant performance and research purposes.
The NJR was not constructed as a resource for patients, and for this information to be made public the data must be reliable and accurate. Timelines on this project have been very short. As a consequence it has not been possible to check fully all of the data prior to the publication date announced by NHS England. Orthopaedic surgeons are being given a chance to review their own data, and from this they can decide whether to agree to publication or not. In this situation, we consider that the potential opt-out for surgeons is appropriate. Publication of poorly validated data will neither help patient choice nor drive up quality. So the opt-out is not a means of protection for surgeons, rather it is a way of shielding patients from inaccurate information.
The British Orthopaedic Association is enthusiastic for transparency and fully supports the initiative to publish individual surgeon outcomes. We believe our standards in British Orthopaedics are second to none, and when data are published, we hope this will be apparent.
Martyn Porter
President, British Orthopaedic Association
London WC2

Irish Times:
Sir, – Private patients in public beds are to be charged €1,112 per night in place of the existing charge of €75 (Front page, June 16th). Insurers say this will cause them to increase their charges by 30 per cent. Minister for Health, James Reilly responds that insurers are not doing “near enough” to reduce costs.
He may be right, but I would struggle to think of a person who is less justified in making the point. The one constant in the troika reports is the abject failure of the same Minister to meet his budgets. His most recent wheeze to be seen to be doing something is to offer staff under his charge more than €30,000 not to work for three years.
Mr Reilly contends that it is neither fair, reasonable nor acceptable for private patients to be subsidised in the public health system. I wonder.
Those who choose to buy private health insurance are in all probability paying income tax. They are, therefore, paying to subsidise those who receive for €75 a service the economic cost of which is, apparently, €1,122.
People who choose to buy health insurance are currently paying a second time. Their taxes pay the costs of public accommodation and their insurance premiums pay for a private room. They pay for both and may use either.
Under the new regime they will pay a third time through higher insurance costs. They are now asked to pay once for private accommodation (as they currently do) and twice for staying in a public ward (through their taxes and the additional insurance charges).
This strikes me as being neither fair nor reasonable and it is hardly acceptable.
Mr Reilly is taking the time-honoured approach of Ministers who will not tackle costs which are out of control. Let’s charge the punter more.
I will leave for another day the question as to whether €1,122 is indeed the economic cost of a night in a single-bed room in one of our hospitals. I would merely note that, as I write, I could have a room in the Merrion Hotel for €230, a room in the Ritz Carlton for €250 or a suite in the Four Seasons for €570. – Yours, etc,
PAT O’BRIEN,

Sir, – The entertaining of foreign leaders’ spouses should come with a moral warning. The Government should tell Michelle Obama to tell her husband to stop his drone killings of women, children and men and to immediately close Guantánamo Bay detention centre where now more than a hundred uncharged detainees have been on hunger strike for months. Some of these prisoners possibly travelled through Shannon Airport on illegal rendition flights.
There seem to be no depths to which this Government will not stoop to outdo the sycophancy of the previous government at the expense of already overburdened Irish taxpayers. – Yours, etc,
JIM ROCHE, PRO,
Irish Anti War Movement,

Sir, – Your Editorial (June 11th) contains several statements which need to be challenged. First, the statement “GM crops have not contaminated the world . . .” is not true. Although over 100,000 acres of genetically engineered crops were planted in the EU in 2008, the impact of these plants on health and biodiversity has not been systematically examined. Where are the results of independent and long-term surveillance on health and biodiversity? Do we even know what biodiversity we have? Incredibly, there have been no life-long studies on the impacts of genetically-engineered food on humans.
It is also not clear how genetically-engineering plants can “enhance global nutrition”; a technical fix is not sufficient to remedy the complex issues that result in global under nutrition, including just economic practices and fair trading. Similarly, it is difficult to see how a “better environmental outcome” from farming could result from the planting of GM crops. Pests will develop resistance to GM toxins and increased spraying of a specific herbicide has occurred when the plant itself is genetically engineered to be resistant to it. It is also difficult to discuss reductions in pesticide usage when the entire genetically-engineered plant can itself be considered an insecticide.
Finally, the argument that as we already import GM animal feed, Ireland is “not GM free” is misleading. The use of GM animal feed is worrying and must not be used as an excuse to go further down this road. Bord Bia’s Pathways for Growth report (2011) acknowledges the consumers wish for clean green food. Producing non-GM animal food in Ireland and stopping the growing of GM crops would provide Ireland, with its island status, an opportunity to celebrate what is truly green. – Yours, etc,
Dr ELIZABETH CULLEN,

A chara, – Perhaps it is no wonder this Government has decided to make history non-compulsory. The fewer people who will read this current chapter of history, the better – as far as the Coalition is concerned. – Is mise,
MAITIÚ de HÁL,
Páirc na Canálach Ríoga,

Sir, – A number of commentators wish to present the disagreements on the Protection of Life during Pregnancy Bill 2013 as a church versus state issue, but it is not that simple.
I come to the debate as a parent of a child with Down syndrome. Through that and my involvement with Ablevison Ireland, an organisation that explores the creativity of those who are less abled, I have become aware of the rich influence and beneficial impact people with intellectual disabilities have on society. Our communities would be a lot poorer without their presence. However, this may not always be apparent to the expectant parent when a diagnosis of developmental problems is given. In many cases the news and its implications are a burden that can sometimes seem insurmountable.
In other jurisdictions, such mental trauma has been accepted as a reason to have an abortion. It is to be hoped this will not become the case here in Ireland, although I fear if suicide ideation is accepted as a reason to have a termination then in time this will happen. With a slight majority in favour of this clause according to the Irish Times/Ipsos MRBI poll (Home News, June 13th) I believe the people should be asked their opinion through a referendum.
I trust this Government to ensure that the floodgates to abortion in such circumstances will not open during its watch. However, I would be very fearful for the future. – Yours, etc,
MICHAEL O’DOWD,

Sir, – Canon Janet Catterall correctly asserts both the right to celebrate local heroes with dignity and the right to peacefully and freely express views (June 18th). However, there is a right transcending all other rights and without which no other rights can be enjoyed. This foundational and fundamental right is the right to life. This right is inviolable and extends to all human beings. It is hardly surprising that people feel strongly about it. If there is any cause that “overrides all other considerations”, surely it is the right to life? – Yours, etc,
Fr JOSEPH BRIODY,

   
Sir, – On June 15th I attended a concert in the RDS by Neil Young and Crazy Horse. My wife and I decided to shell out the ticket price of €76 each (plus the unavoidable Ticketmaster add-on of €6 each approximately). We did this because one of the musical tastes we share is a love of Young’s well-crafted and moving country rock songs as exemplified by the albums After the Gold Rush, Harvest, Comes a Time and Harvest Moon.
I am well aware that Mr Young also has an amount of material in his repertoire that diverges considerably from the style of the above albums, and I fully expected the concert would include some such material. However, nothing could have prepared me for the exhibition of narcissistic self-indulgence that constituted Saturday night’s performance.
To give an idea of what transpired, imagine your neighbourhood wannabe garage grunge band were given the RDS stage and a full set of electronic pedal effects to play with. Imagine also that this group of youngsters had no discernible musical talent, but sure knew how to make some noise. One could possibly make a case for spending a tenner to listen to such a group, on the grounds that youth must be encouraged and that there might be some hidden talent there to be discovered. However, when you are paying out a considerable sum to hear one of rock music’s so-called legends, it is surely reasonable to expect said legend will make some effort to entertain his audience, and perform a representative selection from his repertoire.
If Neil Young wants to see how performers ought to behave towards an audience, he could do worse than to sit in on the set played by one of his support acts, The Waterboys. Here was entertainment that anyone could enjoy in terms of musicianship and audience interaction, even someone not familiar with the Waterboys’ repertoire.
I want to call publicly on Aiken Promotions and Neil Young to refund my money for this event. It’s about time that rock music performers and promoters realised that they are privileged to still have access to the audience that made them wealthy in the first place, and not vice versa. – Yours, etc,
JOHN O’FLYNN,
Sir, – As the writer of the “angry letter” quoted by Dan O’Brien (Opinion, June 12th) and castigated by him as a reactionary and for my use of the term “neoliberal” without defining it (together with our President, Michael D Higgins) I beg you allow me to reply.
First, I wrote more in sorrow than in anger at a policy resulting in the outsourcing of important public services to unknown foreign entities which thereby profit from them to the detriment of our own people.
Second, the term “neoliberal” has passed into common discourse to describe policies such as those. Its origin can be traced back to the economist Milton Friedman, an opponent of the Keynesian economics pursued in the US in the 1940s.
Broadly speaking, Friedman proposed governments should remove all rules and regulations which stood in the way of profit accumulation, they should sell off any assets which corporations could run at a profit, and that spending on social services should be cut back.
Certain elements in corporate America seized on those ideas and pursued them assiduously but without much success at first. However, an opportunity presented itself in Chile where Friedman was adviser to Pinochet. The socialist prime minister Allende had been pursuing a policy of nationalisation which was inimical to corporate America, resulting in the overthrow of Allende by Pinochet in a violent coup. Pinochet’s policies were not popular, but opposition was suppressed, leading not just to the impoverishment of many but their imprisonment, torture and death. A similar process occurred in Argentina leading to thousands of “disappeared” who are mourned to this day.
I am not suggesting those policies always go to such extremes, but they are frequently accompanied by various forms of suppression.They are, of course, favoured by big business to whom they give carte blanche.Friedman did not use the term “neoliberal”. A better term might be “corporatism” or perhaps “globalisation”. The main point is that those policies favour big business on a global scale, and their end-result is the maximising of profit.
It should never be forgotten that the public servant is duty bound to serve and promote the public good, whereas the loyalty of the corporation is in the first place to its shareholders. – Yours,etc,
WILLIAM SILKE,

Sir, – My Iranian colleagues in Dubai were able to go down to their local consulate and cast a vote in Iran’s recent presidential election. Notwithstanding a heavily restricted ballot paper from this quasi-democratic / theocratic republic, this is a democratic privilege that generations of Irish immigrants were, and continue to be, precluded from in our Republic. It is time that this changed. – Yours, etc,
PETER MAGEE,

Irish Independent:
* Further to the recent funeral of our son and brother Donal and the many letters of condolence we have since received, we would like you to publish this letter of heartfelt thanks from our family.
Also in this section
What’s in a name? Quite a lot, actually
An Irish sort of logic
We are not a caring society
Over the last five years we have received incredible support as a family while Donal battled with his disease. Initially, it was local support but since he came to prominence with his writings and interviews we have had nothing but positive well-wishers locally, from across the country and internationally. We are eternally grateful for everyone who offered their support, words of comfort and generosity to Donal and ourselves.
We would like to thank the whole country, but in particular all the schools in Tralee, the sporting clubs of Tralee, the town of Tralee, the parishes of both St John’s and St Brendans, and An Garda Siochana for the dignified way in which everyone paid their last farewells to our son and brother.
No words are written to fill the void that Donal’s departure has made, but the silence attributed to him by the people in Tralee on May 15 spoke volumes to the world of how you have taken his person to your hearts.
Our sincere thanks to you all.
Fionbarr, Elma and Jema Walsh
Blennerville, Tralee, Co Kerry
ABORTION CONTROVERSY
* Regarding the Longford hecklers at Enda Kenny’s speech, I could not help thinking, ‘what century do these folk come from?’ Do such folk not realise that the proposed abortion legislation is primarily intended to provide legal clarity and reassurance to the medical profession on matters of pregnancy termination, whereby a real danger to the mother’s life is present?
Is it not proper that medical staff should be afforded the ability to make life-saving decisions without fear of prosecution?
Does the ‘Holier than Thou Brigade’ not recall the terrible event that occurred only a few months at Galway University Hospital, with respect to this issue?
Alan Keogh
Spiddal, Connemara, Co Galway
* Do we really understand what we are doing and where it will lead us?
We know that human life begins before birth, and yet we are proposing to have a law that will result in it being ended at that early stage. We are proposing that law in spite of evidence that shows that it is not necessary and is almost certain to lead to abortion on demand.
We have all received our lives from someone else. We have survived the journey from conception to birth because someone else helped us on the way: we have no right to close that path to others.
Charlie Talbot
Kilcullen, Co Kildare
OLD CRITICISM OF GAELIC
* The only evidence that Gerard O’Regan’s weird attack on Irish speakers (June 15) was written in 2013 and not 1973 is his reference to Facebook.
He’s right to note that the Irish education system has often presented an artificial Irish. But there’s a bright side: the Department of Education has greatly improved the teaching of Irish, to such an extent that Mr O’Regan’s friend ‘Andrea’, who has just done her Leaving Certificate, is now capable of holding basic conversations in Irish.
Mr O’Regan says that Andrea will have no use for her Irish. I’m going to be in Dublin this summer, and my two small Irish-speaking children need a babysitter. Andrea sounds like a fantastic candidate. Perhaps Mr O’Regan could put her in touch with me?
Brian O Broin, Ph.D.
Department of English, William Paterson University, New Jersey, USA
* It always amazes me when Irish language cynics have a cut off Gaelscoileanna as part of a whinge-fest about the pointlessness of preserving our native language. I can never tell if it’s jealousy, lack of patriotism, plain lack of research or a mixture of all three.
‘Lazy Journalism’ might be accountable for Gerard O’Regan’s outlandish assertion that Gaelscoil parents “radiate a sense of cultural superiority, which can be off-putting to say the least for somebody not of their tribe”.
As a principal of a Gaelscoil, I think I can speak with some authority. Parents choose Gaelscoileanna not only for their excellent standard but also because they want their children to read, write and speak fluently in two languages. Many parents want to foster in their children a love of Irish language and culture. This is not a quest for cultural superiority but rather a thirst for cultural identity.
Dominic O Braonain
Gaelscoil Phortlaoise
OUR HAPPY SENATORS
* The question “What are senators for?” stubbornly persists. As Albert Einstein would have suggested: “It depends on the point of view of the observer.” From the senator’s perspective, the role is essential to their way of life; what else could they do? I often irritate my wife by questioning the point of my life. She informs me that she has spent many years attempting an answer and failed to reach a satisfactory conclusion, insisting that I do not waste any more time.
Similarly, seeking to determine the point of senators is to enter a form of discourse that will get you nowhere. Before you can respond to the more specific question about the meaning of a senator’s life, you need to determine the point of anything. The point of anything is as elusive as the Higgs Boson or the point of Switzerland, apart from helping tax avoiders yodel all the way to the bank.
The philosopher Aristotle suggested that if we continue to question the point of our lives, it is not a life befitting a human. What would he know? He spent far too much time in Athens to understand the specific intricacies of Irish life.
What I like about senators is that they always have a smile on their face; I have yet to see an unhappy one. Whatever they do, they seem to enjoy it. What more can we ask of them? If we intensify their happiness it could spread to the whole nation, heralding a new tomorrow for us all.
Philip O’Neill
Edith Road, Oxford
* Minister for State Brian Hayes, in substituting an ad hominem attack on Michael McDowell for rational arguments for or against the abolition of Seanad Eireann (Comment, June 13), thereby ignores the key issue. The fact is that the Government’s proposal to abolish the Seanad would further weaken the already meagre parliamentary and constitutional restraints on government.
This is not the first time Irish governments have sought to weaken such restraints:
* Cumann na nGaedhael undermined their own 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State by serial amendments, including tampering with the mechanism for amending the Constitution so as to facilitate further amendment.
* Fianna Fail abolished the Free State Senate in 1936, only to reinstate a second chamber in the 1937 Constitution.
* Fianna Fail attempted to abolish Proportional Representation (PR) in 1959, and the proposal was defeated precisely because it was seen as a grab for power.
* A second referendum on PR, and another to vary the ratio of TDs to population, were both heavily defeated in 1968.
The present proposal to abolish the Seanad must be resisted in the interests of preserving some semblance of democratic accountability in this country.
Felix M Larkin
Address with editor
Irish Independent

Joan, June and Sandy

June 18, 2013

18 June 2013 Joan, June and Sandy

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, Lt Murray and Leslie and Pertwee returning a little the worse for wear board thw wrong ship and are carted off in chains to Forbodia. Priceless.
Another quiet day We go and see Joan, fast asleep, June upset about nothing and get a call from Sandy who will take Joan to her appointment in August.
We watch The Pallaisers Cleggie is murdered by Mr Finn?
Mary wins at scrabble and she get over 400 perhaps I can have my revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Franca Rame
Franca Rame, the actress, who has died aged 83, was the wife, muse and collaborator of the Nobel-prize-winning Italian playwright Dario Fo and a formidable campaigner for feminist and radical Left-wing causes.

Franca Rame Photo: Alinari / Topfoto / ArenaPAL
5:29PM BST 17 Jun 2013
When Fo won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1997, many felt that Franca Rame deserved a share. Not only did she help with the writing of many of his irreverent, fantastical political satires, but she was also the leading lady in the various theatre companies they ran together.
An accomplished playwright in her own right, she wrote a series of feminist monologues, including All Home, Bed and Church (1977) — the title was a reference to the inferior status of Italian women, and it is now a favourite text of feminist theatre groups.
Franca Rame helped Fo write his most famous play, Accidental Death of an Anarchist (1970), a work, based on a real incident, which challenged Italy’s post-war establishment by accusing the police of throwing an anarchist called Giuseppe Pinelli out of the fourth floor window of a police station and then claiming it was suicide.
When another play, Mistero Buffo (1969), a critique of Church and state and the abuses of power, was shown on television, it earned Franca Rame and Fo a reprimand from the Vatican which described it as “the most blasphemous programme ever broadcast in the history of world television”.
Fo and Franca Rame paid a heavy price for their irreverence. Banned from entering America until 1984 as political undesirables, in Italy they were, variously, assaulted, denounced, censored, arrested, jailed, banned from television and subjected to death threats. In the 1970s theatres daring to show them routinely had their licences withdrawn, while the couple could not find a landlord in Milan willing to rent them an apartment.
Most horrific of all, in March 1973 Franca Rame was kidnapped off a Milan street by far-Right militants, bundled into a military truck, then slashed with razor blades, burned with cigarette butts and brutally gang-raped, before being dumped, bleeding, in a public park.
Only two months after the assault she was back on the stage with a performance called Basta con i Fascisti (“Enough now with the Fascists”). But she was so traumatised that she did not speak to anyone about the attack for several years. In 1975 she managed to tell her husband, but only in writing. Then, in Lucca in 1978, she wrote and performed The Rape, a one-woman show in which she recounted her ordeal in harrowing detail. It was so powerful that several members of the audience fainted and Franca Rame herself was taken ill.
Many years later, in 1998, an investigating magistrate working on the terrorist outrages of the early 1970s revealed what the Fos had suspected all along: that the attack had been carried out on the orders of senior police officers infuriated by, among other things, Franca Rame’s involvement in organising a volunteer group which sent packages and provided defence lawyers to Left-wingers in custody.
There were also suggestions that the local police commander in Milan had been taking orders from his political masters, the idea being to deliver a blow against a Left-wing movement that was organising protests against the ruling Christian Democrats.
Demands for a public apology and full inquiry fell on deaf ears, however, and the instigators and perpetrators of the rape have never been punished.
Franca Rame was born at Parabiago, near Milan, on July 18 1929 into a family with a long stage tradition — they owned a theatre company called Family Drama. She made her theatrical debut at eight days old when she was carried on stage in her mother’s arms.
She never studied acting, but by the age of 18 had made her name in revue. Within a few years she found herself in the same company as Dario Fo, a young cabaret artiste known for his satirical skits. She recalled that on their first date Fo took her on a tour of Milanese churches. Fearing that he might be more interested in architecture than romance, she decided to take the initiative, pushed him up against a wall and “covered him in kisses”.
They married in 1954, and four years later they founded the Dario Fo and Franca Rame Company, with Fo as director and playwright and Rame as actress and administrator.
Their early plays together were gentle, absurdist satires such as Corpse for Sale (1958); The Virtuous Burglar (1958); Archangels Don’t Play Pinball (1960); and Anyone Who Robs a Foot Is Lucky in Love (1961). But their work became more political in response to the revolutionary turmoil of the late 1960s.
Rejecting conventional theatre as bourgeois, in 1968, with support from the Italian Communist Party (which Franca, though not Fo, had joined in 1967), they founded the cooperative theatre Nuova Scena and began producing more politically radical works. However, the party rapidly withdrew its support after the staging of Grand Pantomime with Flags and Small and Medium-sized Puppets, a satire on Italy’s post-war history, which featured Capitalism, portrayed as a beautiful woman, seducing Communism.
In 1970 they co-founded their own militant theatre group, La Comune, in Milan and subsequently moved into the Palazzina Liberty, a disused fruit and vegetable market that became a favourite meeting place for the Milanese Left. In 1974 Franca Rame starred in Fo’s Can’t Pay? Won’t Pay! as a housewife who leads other women on a supermarket shoplifting spree. It was Fo’s first feminist play, and it inspired Franca Rame to begin to write her own sketches.
Feminism was central to much of their subsequent work together. In Medea (1977), a feminist take on the Euripides tragedy, the heroine makes a conscious choice to kill her children to throw off the yoke of a male-dominated society. An Open Couple (1982) was a reflection on the ups and downs of their own “open” marriage, exposing male double-standards about fidelity.
When Fo won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1997, he dedicated it to his wife and together they gave most of the prize money to charities working with the disabled.
In 2006 Franca Rame surprised all her friends by standing for parliament and was elected to the Italian Senate for the Italy of Values anti-corruption party. But she resigned two years later, expressing frustration with the inertia of Italy’s political system.
Franca Rame is survived by her husband and by their son, the writer Jacopo Fo.
Franca Rame, born July 18 1928, died May 29 2013

Guardian:

Let us not get too distracted by Rupert Murdoch’s marital issues (From serenade to separation, 14 June) so as to ignore the reports that, following the reorganisation of News Corp into two divisions, he is once again contemplating a takeover of BSkyB. In that context, Harriet Harman’s announcement that she is committed to tackling the stranglehold of a handful of giant media corporations on public life is especially welcome, as is her support for ownership caps, so that no single voice is able to dominate our media landscape.
For far too long, three or four media houses with pro-austerity and anti-EU agendas have been allowed to accrue power and influence because no politician has dared to stand in their way. Turkey provides a salutary lesson for what happens when media power works hand in hand with government. In the last few weeks, a few private media corporations with close connections to the government simply chose not to broadcast the anti-government protests in Istanbul, Ankara and other cities and instead showed cooking programmes and documentaries on penguins.
Our attention in the UK has rightly been focused in the last years on the best way to secure an ethical and accountable news media. Now we need to expand that focus to make sure that we also tackle the root of the problem: a system of ownership that undermines democracy and excludes millions of ordinary people who never see their lives or opinions reflected in the mainstream media. We need an open discussion about media ownership that is not suffocated by the self-interest of the media corporations at the heart of the problem.
Des Freedman
Chair, Media Reform Coalition

Last September, the government made it a criminal offence to squat unoccupied in residential buildings. This move came at a time of a major housing crisis: there are around 1 million unoccupied or empty homes in the UK and homelessness is growing. Squatting is one of Britain’s oldest forms of tenancies and communities and political movements have grown up around it. There are now signs that the government is seeking to extend this criminalisation beyond the residential sector (Report, 6 June). We are alarmed by the prospect of such legislation, which we believe may criminalise legitimate forms of direct action. Campus and workplace occupations have played a pivotal role in the union and student movements, and at a time of austerity and massive assaults on education and the welfare state, this government is trying to criminalise resistance by the back door. We urge the government to drop these plans, and we will support workers and students in fighting them.
Mark Serwotka General secretary, PCS
Billy Hayes General secretary, CWU
Jeremy Corbyn MP
Linda Riordan MP
John McDonnell MP
Toni Pearce NUS president-elect
Dannielle Grufferty NUS vice-president
Michael Chessum University of London Union President
Gordon Maloney NUS Scotland president-elect
Patrick Murphy NUT national executive
Rachel Wenstone NUS vice-president
Pete Mercer NUS vice-president

Carers like Debra Claridge are not alone in fighting for decent carers’ wages (Tagged, harassed, underpaid: the uncared-for carers, 14 June). On International Workers Day, we launched a petition demanding a living wage for mothers and other carers. People spoke of the millions facing neglect as the welfare state is dismantled. Privatisation, hospital closures, workfare and the pernicious targeting of mothers and sick, disabled or elderly people as a problem because we are “workless” or “live longer” have devalued care and all who need it. 
Benefits cuts have two sharp edges: they ensure slave wages because people made destitute can’t afford to refuse them. Carers are poorer and care companies richer. Mothers thrown off income support are worried about earning enough to cover childcare, provided by another low-paid mother. A “good” mother goes out to work, regardless of pay, working conditions or the effect on the children. Stacking shelves is real work, more important than raising human beings. Some impoverished mothers lose everything, their children fostered (£489 a week) or put into care homes (£2,428 a week). A grandmother in our network is distraught that, even before her grandchild was born, social services favoured fostering and adoption over helping the young mother to cope. 
Six million people in the UK (one in 10) care for a sick, disabled or older person. Some kinship carers get an insulting £59.75 a week; most get nothing. 
We agree that “care staff do a vital job of work, so should be rewarded accordingly” (Letters, 15 June). And so should mothers and kinship carers. We carers are all in this together.
Selma James and Nina Lopez
Global Women’s Strike, London
• While I was pleased to have been featured in your article on care, the point which I really wanted to highlight was that the government needs to take action against these rogue employers which do not pay community care workers for travel as required by the national minimum wage law. These private care companies are fully aware that they are breaking the law and are lining their own pockets by stealing from their employees’ already meagre wages. By continuing to turn a blind eye, this government and previous governments are complicit in this crime.
Decisive action needs to be taken to implement a rigorous system or legislation that ensures that these corrupt companies can no longer underpay their workers or deprive the government of tax revenue either. After all, why should the onus be on the individual care worker to put their head above the parapet and challenge their employer. Surely it would not be difficult for this government and Norman Lamb, the minister for care, to ensure that councils that give out contracts to private care companies ensure that these companies adhere to the national miniumum wage law.
Debra Claridge
Kingswinford, West Midlands
• I can’t believe I’ve just read a long article about low-paid carers without the real cause of the problem being mentioned: it is, of course, privatisation. Before home care services were contracted out, almost all care staff worked for local councils and enjoyed the benefits of unionisation and negotiated pay and conditions. None were paid below the minimum wage, and it really was a public service. It is the efforts of successive governments in insisting on more work at less cost that continues to wreck the lives of both carers and clients.
Mike Scott
Nottingham
• We are a 100% employee-owned care company and so any profits that are made remain within the company in order that we can maintain our standards and reward our 300 partners. Nevertheless, we struggle to pay the bulk of our workforce the living wage because of the contract under which we have to work: we are paid only for what we provide, so nothing when a hospital admission occurs, nothing for travel time and a contracted rate that is half what it costs the statutory sector to provide the service themselves. At a time when public services are under huge financial pressure, it is vital that the lives of older people are protected and that the quality of care at home is strengthened, but the system has to be reviewed so that some of the worst excesses can be addressed.
Stephen Pennington
Highland Home Carers, Inverness 

We are writing because we are concerned that the government has backtracked on previous commitments to cap the interest rates on payday loans (Loosen rules for credit unions, says thinktank, 17 June). In November last year we, along with the then Bishop of Durham, moved an amendment in the House of Lords to the financial services bill, designed to curb the costs of payday lending. At the government’s strong urging, we withdrew that amendment, based on its assurances that it shared our concerns and that it would replace our amendment with one that was more comprehensive and more effective. This it did.
Since then, payday lending activities have run rampant, as the House of Commons public accounts committee has recently demonstrated. The combination of a tightening economic environment and the recent cut in benefits has meant that many more people are being caught in the credit net and driven into the willing hands of these companies, which no matter how hard they try to upgrade their image, are still legalised loan sharks.
What distresses us is the almost indifferent approach of the government to this crisis. Earlier this year an oral question was asked in the House of Lords (by Lord Mitchell) as to what the government was doing to curb excessive lending rates charged by payday lenders. The response was that a capping of interest rates for payday lenders would not be the best way of solving the problems that consumers are facing in the market at present.
We are staggered by the government’s seeming indifference to this issue, and by the reversal of its position – doing nothing is not an option. We call again for action to be taken now to cap payday loan interest rates, ban advertising and enforce even the limited powers which the Office of Fair Trading has at its disposal.
Lord Mitchell Shadow business minister
Baroness Grey-Thompson
Baroness Howe of Idlicote
House of Lords

A Médecins Sans Frontières doctor says she sees people every day prescribed inappropriate drugs (Letters, 14 June). Most buy their antibiotics over the counter. They don’t need prescriptions to get the drugs. I visit family in Spain and friends in Cyprus regularly. I buy the antibiotics I need in pharmacies and cheap they are too.
Roger Evans
London
• Brian Haw died two years ago today – just a few months after he was forced by ill health to leave his 10-year peace camp in Parliament Square. In Whitstable, where Brian lived as a teenager, a campaign has been launched to put a memorial peace bench on the beach. Peace vouchers are now on sale throughout the town to fund this. A plaque was considered (Letters, 13 June). However, the bench, with its view out to sea and towards the town’s beautiful sunsets, will more effectively encourage peaceful reflection and promote “jaw not war” as Brian Haw would have wanted.
Richard Stainton
Whitstable, Kent
• Sadly, some cliches are under-utilised these days (Letters, 17 June). I really preferred the truth when it was unvarnished.
Christopher Osborne
West Bridgford, Nottingham
• I was sorry to read about Adele’s “groaning awards cabinet” (Caption story, 15 June); I hope it recovers soon.
Juliette Eyre
London
• We don’t have any “plain or ordinary” murders any more. Most are “brutal” or “callous”. I don’t suppose its possible to have a “sensitive” one.
Joe Kelly
Dublin
• We’re blissfully unaware of cliché issues out here in the leafy suburbs.
Mike Hine
Kingston on Thames
• Last year we were warned of the invasion of the super-slug. Is it me or has anyone else noticed their scarcity this year? I have yet to see even one, and snails are evident only from empty shells left by thrushes.
Terri Green
Langley, Warwickshire

I know I’m expected to be shocked and horrified at the revelation that the UK spied on its allies at the two G20 summit meetings in London in 2009 (Reports, 17 June) – and in many ways of course I am. But I have to admit to a more complex reaction as well. I found it strangely, almost childishly pleasing that our intelligence services have been able to mount such a sophisticated operation, evidently at the cutting edge of such things. It was even more gratifying to see that, for once, when we discover what is “really” going on behind the scenes, we find the spooks have been piling enthusiastically behind an entirely democratic and progressive project.
The Spycatcher revelations in the 1980s showed the intelligence services set on undermining Harold Wilson’s Labour governments. So it comes as a pleasant surprise to see GCHQ getting so strongly behind Gordon Brown’s key G20 aims of co-ordinating global economic recovery and reforming international financial institutions. Brown’s role in promoting the $1tn stimulus package was critical in staving off global economic catastrophe and it seems that some of the credit for that success should go to the intelligence community, cast in the surprising role as secret promoters of Keynesian economics. Of course none of this should detract from the importance of the Guardian’s revelations or the need for a full debate about how intelligence gathering can be held accountable in a democratic society.
Giles Oakley
London
• Congratulations on continuing the spy disclosures, with your latest issue illustrated with some of Menwith’s radomes. So at last that name is mentioned. We congratulate the courageous whistleblower, Edward Snowden, but why is it that the courageous campaigning by women who cut their way into the base and came out with proof of what this base was doing did not get this kind of coverage? How can we call ourselves a democracy when the efforts by our own citizens for decades – women who camped through all seasons outside this US base on British soil – did not rattle the House of Commons? This base monitors the whole of the northern hemisphere and therefore has always had access to US citizens. We still need campaigners who put their feet on the ground in addition to using the internet.
Anna Cheetham and Caroline Moles
Leicester CND
• Why did I feel afraid for the Guardian staff who provided this information – also for the Guardian itself for publishing it? The UK is supposed to be a free democracy, isn’t it? I also feel afraid for Edward Snowden and the other whistleblowers in the US. What is going to happen to them? Once we were told that the UK was a land of the free, but it is no longer true, is it?
Joyce Morgan
London
• I’m very amused by your front-page story. I always work on the assumption that if I am doing my dissenter’s job properly, there’s a possibility that someone could be monitoring me. It’s good to imagine the apoplexy induced in those who thought they were the ones doing the spying. Maybe they’ll now have to resort to carrier pigeons.
Caroline Westgate
Hexham, Northumberland

Independent:

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The British and French governments should concentrate their efforts on supporting international efforts to bring the different sides in Syria together. Instead, they seem bent on a similar intervention to that which, masquerading as protecting civilians, bombed Gaddafi from power.
We would be naive if we supposed that we could impose instant democracy on Syria. Free elections would see political parties formed on communal lines and the rising to the surface of tensions that have been until the present largely quiescent. The ruling Ba’athist, secular Syrian government is authoritarian, but has worked well – save for the 1982 uprising by the Muslim Brotherhood – in maintaining a reasonable harmony among Syria’s mosaic of peoples and religions.
Nor is it fair to vilify the Assads to the degree that British media have been doing. Unlike Saddam Hussein, Bashar al-Assad, and his father Hafez before him, have not conspicuously enriched themselves, and have worked hard in the service of their country; and not only of their country – any foreign leaders from the West visiting Hafez al-Assad were sure to be at the receiving end of a long lecture on the right of Arabs generally, including Palestinians, to resist Israel.
As with any authoritarian government, unhappily, the present Syrian government’s power is maintained by a pampered security apparatus who are, as much as the Assad inner circle, now fighting for their existence. But the answer lies through negotiating an end to the civil war and in the establishment of a government of national unity, not in stoking up the fighting or, worse, intervening to overthrow the government and parade our military hardware as we did in Libya. 
John Roderick Walters
Abergavenny
How refreshing to receive a lecture on human rights from Vladimir Putin. Without weapons and support from his government the Syrian regime might never have sunk to the depths where it became feasible for the rebels to “eat the guts of their enemies on camera”.
And how galling that the conclusion of his argument is probably undeniable: that for the West now to supply military aid to the rebels would be tantamount to pouring petrol on the conflagration.
Ian Bartlett
East Molesey, Surrey
 
Labour opts  out of state education
So now the Labour Party, according to Stephen Twigg, is abdicating responsibility for state education. Freeing all schools to behave like academies looks like another Goveian step towards privatising state education.
It is all very well for private schools to set out their aims and objectives in a prospectus – however eccentric those aims and objectives may be – and for the parents to pay to have those aims and objectives visited upon their children. It is an entirely different matter for taxpayers to fund aims and objectives which are not moderate or well founded and which do not embrace material suitable for the entire ability range.
Formulating a curriculum for state education is an onerous task, yet the future prosperity of Britain depends upon it. Academies and free schools are a cowardly cop-out which absolves ministers from thinking hard about what education is really about.
Stephen Twigg’s statement is, I fear, all about politics and not about education.
David McKaigue
Wirral
Question: Under Stephen Twigg’s new proposals, when is a national curriculum not a national curriculum? Answer: when it’s a national curriculum.
Professor Colin Richards
Spark Bridge, Cumbria
 
Honours prop  up the elite
Every year the Queen’s Birthday honours list throws up its usual crop of socialist hypocrites and capitalist scoundrels, with a smattering of the genuinely deserving in the lower ranks to give it credibility. And this year is no different.
Among Labour Party supporters whose socialist principles have been compromised are Tony Robinson (Baldrick) and TUC leader Brendan Barber. Moral corruption and “cunning plans” are not confined to Blackadder.
Among the unholy alliance of the Labour Party with the Establishment are bankers and tax-avoiding chief executives who have brought this country to its knees, increased inequality and damaged social justice.  Anyone with a scrap of social conscience would not wish to be associated with them. Certainly not sincere socialists,
The honours system is an anachronism whose purpose is not to recognise outstanding achievement but to sustain an undemocratic, monarchist Establishment. Once admitted to this elitist club, its members are given a disproportionate influence over society, making “one man, one vote” democracy a joke. The House of Lords is already overflowing with unelected capitalists and each year the honours list adds more to swell the ranks of the Establishment.
If anything needs reform this is it. It would eliminate one reason used by the monarchy to justify its undemocratic privileges, and prevent political hypocrites and Establishment sycophants from gaining social elevation and status they don’t deserve.
Malcolm Naylor
Otley,  West Yorkshire
The honours system has been so devalued in recent years that I no longer refer to any knight as “Sir”.
Brian Rushton
Stourport-on-Severn, Worcestershire
 
A disastrous  decision in 1914
Andreas Whittam Smith (15 June) neatly summarises Sir Edward Grey’s justification for going to war in 1914 – “he had no alternative but to honour the terms of the alliance with France” – but thereby perpetuates the myth, and Grey’s mistaken belief, that Britain had to fight Germany on France’s behalf. We did not.
First, the “alliance with France” was no such thing. Traditionally, British policy had, unless directly attacked, been one of non-intervention in Europe. The 1904 “entente cordiale” was originally a loose military agreement between France and Britain, but under Grey it was allowed, secretly, to grow into what he held to be an alliance. Many in the Cabinet in 1914 were unaware of just how entrenched Anglo-French relations had become.
Second, Grey’s explicit reason for going to war in 1914 was to uphold the neutrality of Belgium, which Britain had guaranteed in 1839. It was that treaty which Grey felt bound to “honour” in 1914, although previous governments had been prepared to ignore such obligations.
The question then turns to why exactly we had to fight to uphold the chivalric notion of “honour”, a word which Grey used repeatedly in July and August 1914. After all, France and Germany had gone to war in 1870, and we hadn’t intervened then. The Germans even won, and there was little sign that another German victory in 1914 would, in the long-term, directly threaten Britain’s interests. Kaiser Bill was no Hitler.
Did Britain really have to suffer 2.3 million casualties, bankrupt herself and hasten the loss of her empire, simply to preserve her honour? The fact that the answer is no, and that Grey’s decision to enter the war was the single most disastrous foreign policy decision in British history, should be reflected in any “celebrations” this August. 
Dr Bendor Grosvenor
London W1
 
Ethical clash in the middle lane
This claptrap about driving in the middle lane has nothing to do with road safety or congestion. It is about doing as you are told, something that we Brits are particularly sensitive about. I imagine that Tony Woods’ friend Bubs (letter, 17 June) puts the fear of God into drivers as he “gets them to move into the correct lane” – they probably fear an attack by a Hells Angel if they don’t.
Charlie Coultas
(middle lane driver)
Wokingham
Tony Woods’ friend Bubs exhibits the arrogance typical of many motorcyclists who believe they have a God-given right to “punish” other road users. It is not amusing; it is simply bad and dangerous behaviour.
Colin Waugh
Teignmouth, Devon
 
Why we don’t  pay more tax
James Moore (“Consumer the loser as investors hold whip hand”, 11 June) says Thames Water sees paying corporation tax as “entirely optional” and as “a voluntary levy.” This is simply not the case.
The Government’s capital allowances, which have existed since 1878, provide tax relief on investment. Their aim is to encourage firms to invest, and to boost the economy as a whole.
As Thames Water spends £1bn a year upgrading its old networks, these allowances have deferred the payment of corporation tax to future years. The Government says it expects companies to use these allowances, which are applied automatically when they file their tax returns.
Stuart Siddall
Chief Finance Officer
Thames Water
Reading
 
Zany dandies  are back
John Walsh misjudges the Chaps when he calls their style Edwardian (“Is the Great British dandy an endangered species?” 17 June). Their zanily eclectic  style is culled from four decades from the early 1920s on, not the Edwardian period.
But he may have a point in saying that true dandies seldom follow any magazine’s dictates, no matter how witty. And he is spot-on in suggesting that the revival in the sales of cravats and waistcoats shows a resurgence in the dandy spirit.
Nigel Rodgers
Berwick St James, Wiltshire
 
Charity fatigue
This month so far, I have been asked to save Lifeboats, Great Ormond Street children, Progressio, Ethiopiaid, donkeys, Air Ambulance, Macmillan Nurses (more than once) and to get a Barclaycard. Cancer Research sent me a sheet of nametags and a book of raffle tickets with my surname mis-spelt, which I returned.
I can’t help feeling, in my confused 82-year-old way, that an incredible amount of money must be spent doing this.
Yvette Sfakianos
Shrewsbury
 
Bodily harm
Regarding the subject of female genital mutilation (letter, 17 June), stop calling it FMG and give it the correct title of GBH, which is exactly what it is.
Sue Thomas
Bowness on Windermere, Cumbria

Times:

‘Equality of opportunity is achieved by giving the brightest students from all backgrounds a helping hand, not by levelling them down’
Sir, You report (June 13) that comprehensive schools are failing their brightest pupils. From my experience of going through the comprehensive system, schools are fixated on achieving arbitrary targets. Resources are directed to students who are on the borders of C and D grades, meaning those who are going to achieve government targets do not receive the attention that they deserve. Talent then is not fully nurtured and students are not motivated to achieve their true potential.
If a student has innate motivation or is pushed by their parents, they can and do achieve the best grades in a comprehensive school. I ended up at the University of York and the system did not hold me and many others back, but it does for those who do need a good push in the right direction.
Equality of opportunity is achieved by giving the brightest students from all backgrounds a helping hand, not by levelling them down in a mixed ability system.
James A. Paton
Billericay, Essex
Sir, I was dismayed to see that the evidence supplied for the fact that some comprehensive schools are failing brighter pupils was the number of level 5 pupils not getting the top two grades.
Having taught maths in a secondary school, I am not convinced that all the level 5 pupils are actually level 5 when they arrive at secondary school. Often after we test them in the first week these level 5 pupils come out level 4 or in some cases level 3. These level 5s are either based on SATS in year 6, which pupils are very well prepared for, or by teacher assessment. Perhaps an exam at the beginning of secondary school would give a more accurate level for each pupil?
Brett Prevost
Swindon, Wilts
Sir, Surely after 50 years of comprehensive schools there should be a debate about the effectiveness of this 1960s experiment in “togetherness”. There must by now be evidence as to whether the able well-behaved pupil is the whisky in the water, improving the whole drink, or whether the unable and/or disruptive pupil is the rotten apple corrupting the whole barrel.
T. H. C. Noon
Cadeleigh, Devon
Sir, All children have a right to the best possible education. Comprehensive schools deny this right to bright children. They leave bright children bored and undereducated. Because bright children stand out educationally, they are bullied, mocked and pressured to underachieve in order to fit in. Furthermore, bright children are more likely to share similar out of school interests, so with a smaller number of bright children in each school they are less likely to find friends.
Thus comprehensive schools cause bright children to have less good lives and contribute less to the country than they otherwise would. I cannot understand why Tory MPs praise Mr Gove for tinkering with a failed system when with a single bold stroke he could do so much good — free schools to select their pupils.
Dan Dennis
Department of Continuing Education, University of Oxford

If the arguments here are ‘exactly the same’ as the ones over Iraq, then the details of the Chilcot inquiry should be published first
Sir, It is a matter of deep concern that Tony Blair has thrown his weight behind Western intervention in Syria (report and interview, June 15). He even admits that the issues in Syria are “exactly the arguments we went through over Iraq”. One suspects that successful intervention in Sierra Leone and Kosovo seduced him into thinking that the same thing would work in Afghanistan and Iraq. Has David Cameron been similarly blinded by Libya, and now thinks that the Middle East will respond to the same medicine?
Chris Todhunter
Stowmarket, Suffolk
Sir, It is of the utmost importance and relevance that the details of the Chilcot inquiry should be concluded and published before Mr Cameron and Parliament consider President Obama’s call for our engagement in Syria. Furthermore, to suggest that this country’s hesitation and bungling in Bosnia is in any way similar to the tragic situation in Syria today is disingenuous and dangerously misleading.
Amy Wade
Benenden, Kent

There were advantages to being one of the ‘baby boomer’ generation, but there were disadvantages too, as these readers explain
Sir, Matthew Parris (Opinion, June 15) should know better. As a pensioner I object to being likened to a “mugger”. I did get a grant to go to university — I was “awarded” it and then I did work hard to get a good degree.
My partner and I sold our ancient car to help to buy a small terraced house with no bathroom — we didn’t have aspirations, we had lino on the floor and second-hand furniture. The expectations of today’s young are a far cry from this. We worked our way up the property ladder and “made do” and we saved along the way. So we may be reaping the benefits but our children will eventually reap these too. We had no such help from our parents.
Today’s young should stop bleating, toughen up and get on with it.
Islay Jamieson
Chelmsford, Essex
Sir, Matthew Parris forgets that an important group are over 80 and many of them were participants in a world war which saved the nation from invasion. They then loyally paid their taxes for more than 40 years.
They deserve, and are grateful for, all that the State awards them. Many are not in the best of health and perhaps deserve more from the NHS. None should be called “muggers”.
John Carder
Anstruther, Fife
Sir, Were the teenage woman who accused members of the Millbank Club as having had unfair university education advantage to be transported back to the early 1950s, she would most likely have not been offered a university place at all (only 5 per cent of school leavers went on to university). But if she were so lucky, she would find the grant aid less generous than envisaged. Although there were no course fees, the grant for all other expenses for those whose family income was even only modestly above average fell away rapidly. My annual grant was £27, equal to two weeks’ wages on graduation, and barely enough for textbooks.
Brian Parker
Dartmouth, Devon
Sir, The biggest faultline in our politics will increasingly be generational and not class. In answer to Matthew Parris’s question about why the young are not revolting, it is because they are not yet aware to the extent to which they have been “mugged”.
Only when this generation move into their 40s and start to cast an anxious eye on their likely retirement income and compare this enviously with their parents’ income will the penny drop. It will be a pivotal moment.
Henry Edward-Bancroft
Grayshott, Hants
Sir, Although I agree with much of what he writes, my recollection of the time during which Mr Parris and I grew up differs. I recall that many 10-year-olds were written off as unsuited to an academic education, many left school at 15 with the barest qualifications, and few went to university. I was lucky to share the privileges to which he refers, but I have not forgotten how much luckier I was than most of my contemporaries.
Tim Andrew
Macclesfield, Cheshire

The spread of TB between species via inhalation is only one part of a complex epidemiology — simple comparisons do not work
Sir, Matt Ridley’s article on badger culling (Opinion, June 13) was welcome and balanced. Even if, as John Batten points out (letter, June 14), high densities of cattle and badgers risk more bovine cases, there is no point in maintaining an infected wildlife reservoir population of badgers while reducing cattle numbers by tuberculin or blood testing and culling reactors. Moreover Mr Batten’s observation that TB is spread between the species via inhalation is only a part of the complex epidemiology.
Bovine tubercle bacilli are excreted in various body fluids, especially badger urine, and while badgers use latrines to defaecate they urinate on the move and the bacilli can survive for at least two years in pasture and even silage. The principal route of infection in cattle is via ingestion to involve lymph nodes in the pharynx and then spread further via the lymphatic chain to other parts of the body, including the udder and thereby infecting milk. We cannot make simple comparisons between the spread of bovine TB and human TB.
Tim Udall
Retired veterinary surgeon
Crewkerne, Somerset

It may be the case that a painting with a ‘happy’ model might be worth more financially, but that is rarely the artist’s main interest
Sir, Mr Philip Hook of Sotheby’s considers that had a woman Matisse painted been smiling rather than “frowning”, the painting would probably have “quadrupled” in price (“First choose a beautiful sitter: rules that can send the value of a painting sky high”, June 15). He adds : “Sometimes the negligence of painters in these matters strikes one as staggering.”
What strikes me as “staggering” is that Mr Hook appears to believe that artists are always motivated by monetary gain. Auctioneers may be, but not painters.
Giles Swannell
Brussels

Telegraph:

SIR – I heartily endorse Patrick Maddams’s comments on wonderful Romania (Letters, June 14).
Several of us have spent a week in each of the last three years helping an enthusiastic group of Romanian railway restoration volunteers in the stunningly beautiful region of Transylvania.
First-class accommodation in the small town of Agnita, near Sibiu, costs a mere £18 bed and breakfast. The food is fantastic and the people welcoming and cheerful.
It is just a pity that the Romanian Government doesn’t do more to encourage the initiative shown by our Romanian colleagues in their efforts to restore a narrow-gauge railway in a region crying out for tourism.
David Allan
Eastham, Wirral

SIR – Once more, the Prime Minister and the American President’s motivation to enter the Syrian fray is “regime change”. The costly disaster of Iraq, where the same factional fighting continues, is ignored. In Libya, the same is sadly true, and in Afghanistan we prop up a corrupt factional state.
It is said that sarin (nerve gas) has been used by both sides. As a former chemical warfare “expert”, I’d point out that the symptoms of nerve gas poisoning can be easily reproduced with any organophosphate (such as fly spray) in concentration. The most common way of spreading sarin is by aerosol spray from aircraft or specialised artillery shell. Let’s see the evidence,
No country has any right to force regime change on another. The problems in Syria have become wholly religious-tribal. To side with one against another where we will always be seen as the “infidel” will never enhance the West’s standing. On the contrary it will heighten hatred.
The best that we can do is offer passive help to all the surrounding states. If David Cameron were to coordinate this, it would be his opportunity to be a statesman.
Philip Congdon
La Bastide d’Engras, Gard, France
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Railway enthusiasts take the Transylvania train
17 Jun 2013
SIR – Rebecca Goldsmith (Letters, 15 June) describes the Syrian civil war as “none of our business”. I fail to see how the killing of women and children by the Syrian Government is not any of our business.
In this globalised world, regardless of any neo-colonial rhetoric, the West must have a moral obligation to undertake humanitarian intervention. If we do not intervene in preventing chemical attacks on the people of Syria, then who will?
Edward Bunn
Newcastle University
Jesmond, Newcastle upon Tyne
SIR – With regard to the Iraq war, we are still in the dark as to the motivation of Tony Blair in supporting President George Bush in the invasion. The extraordinary delay in the Chilcot inquiry reporting its findings has contributed to this obfuscation.
Can we be certain about the motivation of any of the world leaders in deciding whether or not to lend aid to the opposition forces in Syria?
Angus McPherson
Findon, West Sussex
SIR – US arms created the Taliban as a force to fight the Soviet Union in Afghanistan in the Eighties. Now US arms will create a guerrilla force to fight in Syria.
Dr Michael Paraskos
London SE27
SIR – I am 63 years old. I have never been involved in a street protest about anything, but if the British Government decides to get involved in the war in Syria, I will take to the streets and throw a stone at somebody.
Neil Turner
Farnborough, Hampshire
The joy of tax
SIR – David Cameron plans a show of competitiveness by cutting corporate-tax rates, to attract companies to Britain through perfectly legal tax planning that these same companies have a fiduciary duty to their shareholders to implement, but for which he simultaneously condemns all other countries.
Jeremy Mallin
Knowle, Warwickshire
SIR – Many tax havens have few other serious sources of revenue beyond providing financial services. These small countries absolutely depend on such business. They have no reason to join any international agreement which threatened to destroy their primary source of income.
The cynical attitude to tax in highly taxed countries like Britain would moderate if governments weren’t seen to be wastrels. According to the Taxpayers’ Alliance, more than £120 billion was wasted by the British Government last year alone – almost enough to wipe out the deficit altogether.
Tax havens act as a discipline on profligate governments, and quite right too.
Ashley Mote
Binsted, Hampshire
Misleading surgical outcomes
SIR – In Britain, doctors, and surgeons in particular, have an enviable record of transparency (Letters, June 15). Look at any college or specialist association website.
The lack of transparency lies not with surgeons but rather with our political masters. The furore over outcomes distracts from much that is wrong with the NHS, and conveniently ignores our guiding principle: always to act in the patients’ best interests. It is not in the patients’ best interest to publish misleading data.
John MacFie FRCS
Past President, Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland
Scarborough, North Yorkshire
Too few tanks
SIR – Danny Alexander, the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, calls for more defence cuts because, in his words, there are more horses than tanks in the Army.
He should not need reminding that British service personnel are serving and dying for this country as he speaks and he should choose his words more carefully. If there are fewer tanks than horses, it is because the cuts have gone too far, not because they have not gone far enough.
Rev David Ackerman
London W10
Beware of Britain
SIR – It has come to something when, rather than close the door on unrestricted EU migration, the Government instead advises those who might arrive without a job (report, June 15) that, should they resort to sleeping rough on the streets, they risk serious assault.
Colin Laverick
London WC2
Clarrie’s new looks
SIR – There is no doubt in my mind that since her recent “voice change” Clarrie can only be a slightly cross Pam Ayres.
Peter Burroughs
Felpham, West Sussex
SIR – Discussion of Archers characters (Letters, June 15) makes me wonder what would happen if the BBC decided to remove them permanently from the air. Can your readers enlighten me?
Dr Andrew Crawshaw
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Young driver casualties
SIR – In 2011, 2,485 people aged 16-25 were killed or seriously injured while driving a car or as a passenger of another young car-driver. Yet successive governments have failed to take decisive action to stop this tragic loss of young lives.
Deaths and injuries involving young drivers can be prevented by reforming the way they learn to drive and establish themselves as safe drivers. International evidence demonstrates that pre-test and post-test restrictions, along with a minimum learning period, dramatically reduce casualties.
We welcome the Government’s interest in improving young driver safety and call on it to seize the opportunity of its forthcoming Green Paper. We need a public debate about the combination of changes to the testing and training system that has the best chance of making roads safer for young people and everyone else.
Otto Thoresen
Director General
Association of British Insurers
Chief Constable Suzette Davenport
Roads Policing Lead
Association of Chief Police Officers
Julie Townsend
Deputy Chief Executive
Brake, The Road Safety Charity
Dr Sarah J Jones
Environmental Health Protection Department
Cardiff University
James Evans
Founder, FirstCar magazine
Milly Wastie
Chairman, National Federation of Young Farmers’ Clubs
David Davies
Executive Director, Parliamentary Advisory Council for Transport Safety
Richard Owen
Director, Road Safety Analysis
London EC2
Drink problem
SIR – Your correspondent from the Natural Hydration Council (Letters, June 15) was correct in stating that plastic bottles used for bottled water in Britain do not contain Bisphenol A. But she confirmed my concern, as somebody who avoids foodstuffs packaged in plastic, that the plastic contains phthalates. I shall happily keep drinking tap water.
Simon Mallett
Lenham, Kent
SIR – I had never realised there was such a thing as the Natural Hydration Council. Are we now so ill-informed as to require a council to tell how us to drink water?
John Sutherland
Uxbridge Middlesex
Profumo scandal’s Stephen Ward was working for MI5
SIR – It is unlikely that Christine Keeler ever had an affair with Yevgeny Ivanov and extremely unlikely that she ever delivered anything for the Foreign Office (Letters, June 14).
Stephen Ward (my uncle) never had any dealings with the Foreign Office. His were confined to MI5, advising one of its case officers of Ivanov’s conduct. MI5’s silence at his trial is perhaps not surprising as it is essentially a secret service.
It has always been clear that my uncle never lived off Miss Keeler’s or anyone else’s immoral earnings. Witnesses in his trial were put under appalling pressure to lie by the police, at the instigation of Conservative politicians, primarily the Home Secretary. The police told Ward’s friends that if they gave evidence in his favour, life would be made difficult.
Most disgracefully, this stitch-up of my uncle was completed by the highest judiciary in the land. At the time of Stephen Ward’s trial, the Lucky Gordon appeal was being heard. The kernel of his case was that Miss Keeler had given false evidence and had never been assaulted by him. (The appeal was allowed and Miss Keeler later went to prison for perjury.)
The jury in Ward’s trial should have been told of this. Instead the judge, Mr Justice Marshall, dishonestly asserted that Miss Keeler’s evidence could still be relied on. It was a sad and bad business, followed up by the Denning Report that did little credit to that great jurist, an essentially unworldly but prurient old man.
Michael Ward
Silton, Dorset
SIR – Stephen Ward was an osteopath of talent, as my father, one of his patients, would readily have testified. Dr Ward was also an accomplished artist, whose work found favour in the top echelons of society. His tragedy may be that he was no match for the Machiavellian manoeuvrings of the high society in which he aspired to move.
Michael Nicholson
Dunsfold, Surrey

Irish Times:

Sir, – I attended the new primary school official opening in Enfield, Co Meath on Friday. A joyous occasion for everyone who had worked tirelessly for many years to achieve this.
A joyous occasion also for all the pupils who had written comments such as awesome, spacious, light, and happy in the ceremony booklet about their new school.
The school was officially opened by Bishop Michael Smith, and by Enda Kenny.
The ceremony was to take place at the going-home time for the junior and senior infants (four to six years old) and the rest of the school pupils were assembled to witness the event.
A handful of pro-life protesters with banners had congregated at the entrance to the school, capitalising on the visit by An Taoiseach and two other TDs.
I absolutely support anyone’s right to protest – thankfully we live in a democracy.
I do however feel it is utterly inappropriate for anyone to have graphic images of terminated foetuses on display at the entrance to a primary school as such young pupils were leaving.
Such actions will not progress anyone’s cause, and may indeed have the opposite effect on adults who may have had sympathy for the position of the protesters prior to that.
We regulate and protect our children from graphic and inappropriate video, game, and sexual content. In the worst days of the Troubles protesters against the men of violence did not show graphic images of knee-cappings or torture.
On Friday, as the children were hurried away from their wonderful new school on a day of celebration, I was reminded of the awful scenes in Belfast years ago of school children having to run the gauntlet against sectarianism.
I suggest that the pro-life movement needs to consider the impact of such actions at any rally in the future, or that legislation is brought in to do so in such situations. – Yours, etc,
NIGEL BANNISTER,

Sir, – Having watched the RTÉ News, covering the attendance of An Taoiseach at the unveiling of a memorial to the late Gen Sean McEoin, (June 16th), and observed An Taoiseach’s “security people”, pushing “pro-life” protesters away from him, the media presence and, more importantly, the RTÉ cameras, it would appear to me that An Taoiseach and his “people” show much more respect to the dead than to those protecting the rights of the living. This exercise characterises the continuing bullying approach of this Government. If this happened in any other country, the people would be on the streets. Wake up Ireland! – Yours, etc,
CORMAC MEEHAN,
Main Street,
Bundoran, Co Donegal.
Sir, – The undignified behaviour of members of the Pro-life Movement in Ballinalee, Co Longford, on Sunday last, did neither themselves nor their cause any credit.
As citizens of a democratic state they undoubtedly have the right to peaceful and free expression of their views. But likewise the people of Ballinalee had the right to celebrate in a dignified manner their most famous son, Gen Sean MacEoin, a local and national hero. This right was denied them by the heckling and jeers of 200 protesters against government policy on abortion.
Whatever my own views on that issue, I find it very hard to have sympathy with a group which seems to think that its cause overrides all other considerations and allows it to ride roughshod over the results of a community’s hard work and the feelings of the MacEoin family members. – Yours, etc,
JANET M CATTERALL (Reverend Canon),
Church of Ireland Rector of Ballinalee,
The Belfry, Longford.

Sir, – After just spending the best part of an hour stuck on a bus because of traffic disruption in Dublin, I discover it was all because Michelle Obama and her two daughters are staying in the Shelbourne Hotel on Monday night.
While I welcome all private citizens of foreign countries taking their holidays in Ireland, I do think that our hospitality could at the least be reciprocated by such guests having the consideration to stay somewhere outside of the city centre. That way their, some would say, excessive security demands could be met while allowing the rest of us get on with our lives.
Closing streets for a visitor with no formal official function, and her teenagers, is totally over the top. – Yours, etc,
RONAN FOX,

Sir, – I look forward to seeingThe Irish Times special commemorative magazine on Wednesday, June 19th.
In 1963, after carefully considering what gift he would bring to Ireland, JFK presented the flag of the Fighting 69th (Irish) Brigade of New York State to the joint houses of the Oireachtas.
This was “in recognition of what gallant Irishmen” had done for his country. Today, the flag remains hiding behind a curtain at the bottom of a staircase in Dáil Éireann. One has to stand half way up the stair to view it and the detail is distorted by the reflection of a chandelier in the glass.
In this year of The Gathering, wouldn’t it be appropriately displayed by the National Museum in Collins Barracks where Irish, Americans, etc, could view it? – Yours, etc,
FERGUS CLANCY,

Sir, – In Olivia Kelly’s article on cycling (“On your bike”, Weekend Review, June 15th), there are photographs of 11 cyclists, only four of whom are wearing helmets and, to compound the problem, one noodle is sporting earphones!
I have lost count of the number of cyclists I have observed who are helmetless, wearing earphones or making phone calls. If cyclists (of whom I am one) want to be taken seriously when they talk about safety and the inconsiderate behaviour of motorists (of whom I am also one), wouldn’t their case carry far more weight if they were to observe basic safety precautions themselves?
Thanks to Olivia Kelly for having inadvertently highlighted these problems in her article. – Yours, etc,
PADRAIG O’ROURKE,
Merrion Road,
Dublin 4.
Sir, – Recent commentators have urged the powers-that-be to target cyclists by setting up road blocks and applying spot fines, etc, for minor infringements of the rules of the road, such as turning left at a red light or approaching pedestrian crossings in the same way as zebra crossings.
Such minor infringements by cyclists, executed with due care and attention, have for generations been ignored by gardaí, with cyclists generally accepted as quasi-pedestrians rather than vehicles.
With responsibilities come rights and if cyclists were forced to always obey exactly the same rules as fully fledged motor vehicles, then they could claim the same rights too by “riding to rule”. For example, instead of considerately relegating themselves to cycling single-file in the gutter to allow larger, faster vehicles to pass on the outside, cyclists have every right to travel in the main lane. With a normal cruising speed of 10-20 kmph and helmet-cams mounted front and rear to record all those who drive too close, shout abuse, change lanes without indicating, speed through red lights or attempt dangerous overtaking manoeuvres, a concerted “war of the rules” campaign undertaken by even a few dozen individuals on their daily commute might quickly change the character of the current debate.
Zealously enforcing inappropriate and unrealistic laws only proves that the law is an ass. The pragmatic solution is to change the rules of the road to recognise that it is generally safe for cyclists to do many things that are unsafe for cars, and to define reasonable limits and caveats for safe road use by cyclists that are transparent to all. – Yours, etc,
JOHN THOMPSON,
Shamrock Street,

Sir, – I’m not sure why Marc MacSharry is on the receiving end of such opprobrium. Every time I see a picture of the Taoiseach in the paper I have the same thought and it makes me cringe. It’s about time somebody stood up and said as much in public. – Yours, etc,
PETER MULHOLLAND,
Slí Ultain, Laytown, Co Meath.

Sir, – If quibble-shouting were an Olympic sport, Vincent Jennings of the Convenience Stores and Newsagents Association (June 17th) would be in the frame for gold in the Under 450-word category at the games in Rio.
His letter has it all: raised eyebrows about supposedly less-than-accurate quoting of a press release, strategic doubt-inducing inverted commas, invocation of the spectre of criminal gangs and worse – in an Irish context – the scare-mongering of a possible field day for m’learned friends.
Mr Jennings will know very well that the Australian tobacco quibbling team – leaders in their field – have been over all this ground before. They have raised exactly the same baseless objections to any and all regulation of their immensely profitable and injurious trade in cigarettes and more specifically, to the plain-packaging initiative.
The Australian government, I am glad to say, stared them down and put an end to all their huffing and bluffing. We now have suitably unattractive packaging for a truly disgusting product. Of course, it is not the total solution to the exploitation of millions of addicted consumers by the tobacco industry, nor does it pretend to be. It is an incremental step that seeks to take the false shine off a very dirty product and so help to make tobacco abuse a thing of the past.
Ireland is to be saluted for its efforts to come to grips with the public health disaster that is smoking. Let’s leave the quibbles to one side and enforce a policy that puts the nation’s health before the grubby tobacco profits of convenience stores. – Yours, etc,
CORMAC McMAHON,

Irish Independent:
We seem to have a soft spot for bad boys. Can you imagine a visitor to Israel coming across such place names as Himmler’s Way, or maybe Eichmann’s Cove?
Also in this section
An Irish sort of logic
We are not a caring society
Points of dispute
It’s shameful that a country that calls itself independent should still have places named after those pack of robbers who lived in luxury on the blood, sweat and tears of the peasants that they exploited and dominated in those dark, distant days.
Paddy O’Brien
Balbriggan, Co Dublin
UPPER CHAMBER POT
* Our poor, beleaguered Taoiseach is under pressure from the church and the Seanad, with one elected representative accusing him of “urinating” on the upper chamber (pot). Yes indeed, senators. Some days you are top-dog and some days you are the lamp-post!
Sean Kelly
Tramore, Co Waterford
MAGIC JFK MEMORIES
* The supplement with Saturday’s Irish Independent, besides being a fantastic read and pleasing to look at, took me back 50 years.
On that Wednesday evening as my brother and I made our way down the NCR on a Honda 50cc, reaching the junction of Dorset Street, we were stopped by the traffic policeman on duty. Within a minute or so came the cavalcade: first there was the press followed by the large black shiny American car. Standing in it was JFK.
He was dressed in a dark blue mohair suit, and with his tanned face, copper-coloured hair and magic smile he had all who stood to wave in the palm of his hands.
He made everyone feel that the world was a good place to be in; and it matters not a whit, to me anyhow, what has been written about him since his tragic death.
Congratulations on a wonderful supplement, it made a 70-year-old feel young again.
Fred Molloy
Clonsilla, Dublin 15
* Thanks to the Irish Independent for the JFK magazine included in the paper on Saturday. It brought me back to very happy sunshine days when life meant so much. I remember as a schoolgirl from Dominican College Eccles Street waving my flag as this very handsome American president passed by me in Dublin.
Although only a child, I could feel the aura of the man, the friendliness and the massive personality. I’ll never forget his petrol blue suit — as in those days Irish men only wore dark suits — his beautiful tanned face and flashing, winning smile. He seemed to have it all. When he said “I’ll be back in the spring”, our Irish hearts were dancing and all aglow. Happy days!
Terry Healy
Kill, Co Kildare
ENDA THE COPYCAT?
* “I am not a Catholic (candidate for) president. I am the Democratic Party’s candidate for president, who happens also to be a Catholic.” — John F Kennedy.
“(I am) a Taoiseach who happens to be Catholic but not a Catholic Taoiseach.” — Enda Kenny.
Just what I suspected, you could never trust Jack Kennedy, caught copying Enda’s speeches, again.
Frank McGurk
Co Donegal
VOTE OF CONSCIENCE
* If a vote of conscience is not permitted in a matter of the life and death of children, then how can the Taoiseach or Tanaiste argue that they respect conscience per se?
If not now, when?
Kevin Caulfield
Ballina, Co Mayo
* We are repeatedly told that the so-called Protection of Life During Pregnancy Bill does nothing more than protect women’s lives. But that is simply false.
It authorises medical experts to permit abortions based on speculative judgments wholly unmoored from medical evidence.
In 1992, the Supreme Court decided, in the absence of any relevant psychiatric evidence, that in some cases abortion could constitute necessary treatment for suicidal ideation.
In recent months, expert Oireachtas hearings have not produced a shred of evidence that abortion could reliably treat suicidality.
Yet Fine Gael and Labour, led by Taoiseach Enda Kenny, have seen fit to “look the other way”, ignoring the findings of their own expert hearings and pressing ahead with legislation based on a medical fiction.
The bill as it stands is nothing less than a licence for abortion to be granted on the say-so of medical experts, based on suppositions that are wholly unsupported by medical evidence.
Dr David Thunder
Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona
LIONS ARE DELUDED
* Irish rugby union players should stop deluding themselves. The British and Irish Lions is, in hard reality, the British Lions, as in British Empire, mother lion and all that.
The Lions were created to go off and show the colonial chaps the glory and superiority of Mother England’s games.
Rugby union is simply a typical elite, English public school game, and in fact a sporting version of Waterloo and Trafalgar.
Do wake up, chaps.
EL Firth
Wilsden, West Yorkshire
IN DART WE TRUST
* As I exited Connolly Station in Dublin this morning I noticed that the DART had achieved 100pc for reliability in the most recent performance review.
Well done to all concerned. You should be choo . . . choo . . . chuffed with yourselves.
Pat O’Gorman
Dublin 13
SAFETY AT SEA
* There are very few words that can console the families of the three Wexford fishermen killed last week and they all have my sympathies.
However, there are words to be said to avoid other tragedies like this.
The men all wore life jackets and their boat had an Epirb, a self-activating satellite beacon that sends a distress call and position to the Coast Guard when a boat is submerged.
Unfortunately, it appears that the beacon did not activate as the boat did not fully sink.
There is an equivalent personal satellite beacon that is worn by sailors and is activated manually when someone is in the water and it sends a distress call to the Coast Guard along with the person’s position.
One of these devices saved the entire crew of 22 on the Rambler 100 yacht when it went down in the Fastnet race.
Why can’t the Government insist that at least one person on a fishing vessel have one of these on their person at all times at sea?
The saddest part is that they only cost about €150 and would save many lives at sea in the future.
We have so much regulation now, this small cost per fishing boat would prevent future tragedies and heartache.
Dr Jonathon Roth
Clancy’s Strand, Limerick

Sharland

June 17, 2013

17 June 2013 Sharland

Off around the park listening to the Kenneth Williams show. Kenneth is investigating the theft of some secret documents at a health farm. They hypnotize rich clients and send them off to get secret documents and hand them over. ‘to friendly foreign hostile powers’. Priceless.
Another quiet day Shaland comes around to visit nothing from Sandy nor joan June rings as well.
We watch The Pallaisers Bye bye Mr Finn MP Hello again Mr Finn, Pallisair is the new duke and Finn wants to be chancellor.
I win at scrabble but I get under 400 perhaps she can have her revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Paul Soros
Paul Soros, who has died aged 87, was a Hungarian-born engineer, entrepreneur and philanthropist, and the elder brother of the billionaire investor George Soros.

Paul Soros Photo: AP
5:46PM BST 16 Jun 2013
Paul Soros’s company, Soros Associates, founded in 1956, was involved in the design and engineering of ports and offshore terminals handling bulk raw materials such as iron ore in more than 90 countries. After selling the business in 1989, he invested his fortune, alongside a portion of his brother’s, in industrial and mining ventures.
In 1997, in gratitude for the life America had given them, he and his wife Daisy — also a Hungarian émigré — established a foundation to support the graduate education of “new Americans” — first-generation immigrants or their children. The Soros family provided endowments of $75 million, and more than 400 students have benefited to date.
George Soros described his brother as “a big-picture man” who “goes to the core of the matter and dispenses with the established conventions”; both brothers had learned from their father “to go against the rules when they are wrong”.
Four years older than George, Paul was born into a prosperous Jewish home in Budapest in 1926; the family had a summer house on an island in the Danube, and Paul would become one of Hungary’s leading junior skiers and tennis players. Their father, Tividar Schwartz, was a lawyer who was also a promoter and author of Esperanto, the artificial language designed to bridge differences between nations and cultures. His cosmopolitan world view and powerful survival instinct were formed by his experience of the First World War, in which, as a Hungarian officer, he had been captured by the Russians and consigned to a Siberian camp in appalling conditions, unable to find a way home until 1921.
In 1936, as the Nazi threat to the Jews became more ominous, Tividar changed the family surname to Soros, which means ‘will soar’ in Esperanto; they continued to live a relatively normal life until 1944 when the Germans entered Budapest. Tividar then dispersed the family to hiding places around the city with false identity papers, but when the Russians arrived the following year, Paul was rounded up with thousands of other Hungarian men to be marched towards Russia.
He escaped, returned to the ruined city, and in due course began to study engineering. He also skied in the Hungarian national team, and while passing through Austria en route to the 1948 Winter Olympics in Switzerland — although an injury which he had concealed would have prevented him from competing — he defected. His brother had already left for England, and the family would not be reunited until 1956.
Paul made his way to America with ‘$17 and a Leica camera’ and found work as a tennis pro after a crash on the ski slopes cost him a kidney and ended his racing career. He won a scholarship to St Lawrence University in northern New York State to continue his studies in exchange for coaching the college ski team, and in due course transferred to the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, now Polytechnic University.
After graduating he found work as a sales engineer for a manufacturer of materials handling equipment, Hewitt-Robins. But in 1956, on a sales trip to South America, he grasped the opportunity to branch out on his own by designing a low-cost iron-ore loading system for a port in Chile. He realised that the key was to be able to load ships moored to buoys, rather than having to build piers long enough to accommodate them — and went on to devise systems based on keeping the ships out at sea, where the cost of days lost to rough weather while loading proved much lower than the cost of building and operating conventional dock facilities.
This lateral thinking led to assignments in Tasmania, Venezuela, Brazil, and other parts of the globe. Soros’s approach reduced costs and greatly increased capacity for the bulk handling of ore, coal, bauxite and aluminium — and won many awards for engineering excellence. He held patents in materials handling technology, and was the author of many technical papers.
Soros Associates was sold in 1989 to an Italian state company. Thereafter Paul Soros ran his own investment company, sat on the board of his brother’s Quantum Industrial Holdings, and devoted himself to his philanthropic interests. He was a patron of the Metropolitan Opera and the New York Philharmonic, and a trustee and benefactor of Polytechnic University, which he praised for “giving the sons of janitors who possess a work ethic a chance to move into the middle class”.
He also served as a special UN ambassador to Morocco and Jordan, supported causes related to civil liberties and self-help for the poor, and received a Fulbright Award for contributions to international understanding.
Despite a series of injuries, including losing an eye in a golfing accident, Paul Soros remained an active sportsman in later life. He was described as elegant, gentle, astute and very widely read, particularly in history. “My story is riches to rags to riches again,” he said of himself. “I was lucky to survive. The rest was easy.”
He married, in 1951, Daisy Schlenger, a fellow student in New York; they made their homes in Manhattan, Connecticut, Nantucket and Jamaica. She survives him with their sons Peter (who was married to Flora Fraser, daughter of the historian Lady Antonia Fraser and stepdaughter of the playwright Harold Pinter) and Jeffrey; a third son died in infancy, and a daughter died in a car accident.
Paul Soros, born 1926, died June 15 2013

Guardian:

Among your commentators on the moral matters facing the assorted rogues gathered in Enniskillen was Bono of the Irish band U2 (What they want from Fermanagh, June 15). Bono’s remarks on transparency were most moving, in much the same way as his tax affairs moved from Ireland to the (even cheaper) Netherlands. Bono is part of the problem and seeing him presented as part of the solution will have surprised many more than just me.
David Beake
Wymondham, Norfolk
• If my son fails to honour his student loan contract he will be in trouble. If the government fails on its part, surely it must be in trouble too (Make graduates pay for loans again, 14 June).
Kenneth Moss
Norwich
• I’m disappointed that education secretary Michael Gove (No coursework, more Shakespeare, 12 June) has not yet taken inspiration from Spinal Tap and increased the grades for the new GCSE exams all the way to 11.
Nick Knibb
Coventry
• Garry Trudeau has gone on sabbatical (Corrections and clarifications, 11 June) at an awkward moment for Alex Doonesbury, who will be experiencing the longest labour in recorded history.
Anne Liddon
North Shields, Tyne and Wear
• We are instantly alerted of a double whammy. Why do we never hear about single whammies (Letters, passim)?
Paul Neary
Dorking, Surrey

It’s right that the international medical community should be outraged by the unethical activities reportedly taking place at the Guantánamo Bay detention centre (Report, 12 June). Force-feeding of competent adults who are involved in a voluntary hunger strike violates international standards of medical ethics, as set out in the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Malta. The BMA is deeply concerned by the reported involvement of doctors in these practices. Doctors and other medical staff should be restricted to providing consensual care to inmates in accordance with internationally recognised ethical codes. The primary obligation of doctors is to the wellbeing of patients, and medical staff must not become punitive agents of the state. The US Defence Department should immediately suspend any medical involvement in force-feeding practices it has sanctioned and institute an urgent inquiry into how this situation was allowed to develop in the first place.
Professor Vivienne Nathanson
Head of science and ethics, BMA
• Every day while parliament is in session, the Save Shaker Aamer Campaign maintains a vigil to demand action by the government to bring Shaker home. We are there in solidarity with the hunger strike in Guantánamo and to demand that President Obama fulfils his pledge to close this evil prison. With amazing dignity, Shaker Aamer has stated that it is wrong to keep him isolated, when he was cleared for release from Guantánamo six years ago (Comment, 15 June). Shaker is determined to stay on hunger strike until he gets justice. So, what better chance of action than the G8 summit.Next week, when David Cameron and Barack Obama take time-out for a cosy chat away from the eyes of the world, it would be easy for them to make injustice history for at least this one man.
Joy Hurcombe
Chair, Save Shaker Aamer Campaign

While I acknowledge that Oxbridge can and should do more to admit students from non-selective schools, working-class backgrounds and areas other than south-east England (Oxbridge in thrall to applicants from the south-east, 10 June), it would be better if the spotlight was shone on the entire Russell Group. Oxford frequently attracts fewer applicants per place in my subject, history, than universities like Bristol, Warwick and UCL.
Part of the problem we struggle with is the perception that Oxford is “not for” certain students – a problem that owes something to media reports. Unlike many Russell Group universities, we do not sponsor academies – many of which are unofficially selective – or offer academic GCSEs and A-levels to a highly selective proportion of their intake, according to research by Dr Katherine Burn.
An endemic problem in Russell Group universities is managers’ increasing demands that academics focus on recruiting wealthy students from outside Europe. While these students should be admitted on merit, focusing recruitment energies on this group will lead to British (or indeed any) students from non-traditional backgrounds being squeezed out.
Liverpool University, for example, has recently sponsored a failing private school to become an academy with a boarding wing. Non-EU students who attend this school are to be guaranteed a place at Liverpool on a degree course of their choice.
Oxford University has no plans to follow suit.
Dr Selina Todd
Fellow and lecturer in modern British history, St Hilda’s College, Oxford

Zoe Williams is right when she says that the minimum wage is not enough to live on – but many employers even avoid the small amount of £6.19 per hour (What’s holding Britain down isn’t benefits. It’s low pay, 13 June). Anecdotal evidence of this criminal offence started to become available following the influx of young people from eastern Europe. Many of them started working in restaurants, bars and shops and found their wages were far short of the legal minimum. The issue became a topic of regular conversation and complaint, although not directly to their employers, as they were worried about being sacked.
It was clear that the regulatory authority, Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs, was ineffective. I submitted a freedom of information request to HMRC, focusing on Hackney, where I live. The results were not surprising.
During the period 2008-12 there was an average of only 38 investigations per year in Hackney, an area of hundreds of places of employment. There are only eight HMRC compliance officers for the whole of greater London, and 93 nationally. Six prosecutions have been brought in the whole of the UK and only 5,021 instances of non-compliance were identified. It is not surprising that bad employers believe they are immune from this law.
Hackney council will be organising a widespread campaign later this year aimed at persuading employers to comply with the minimum wage legislation and, further, to implement the London living wage of £8.55 per hour. Another logical step would be for the Labour party leadership to adopt a policy of removing the responsibility from HMRC and passing it to local authorities. They should have the same powers as they possess for environmental health, including the ability to carry out spot checks on establishments’ pay rolls and to interview staff.
Tim Webb
London
• Your editorial (13 June) summarised the Institute for Fiscal Studies report on the declining state of wages for most workers in Britain. Zoe William’s reinforced this message with her excellent comment piece. It’s understandable for readers to despair, shrug their shoulders, blame greedy employers and move on. The problem with this reaction is that it does not change the situation and, by blaming others, probably makes things worse.
Citizens cannot, should not and do not wait on the state or the market to react – it has always been the role of civil society to lead and seek out creative solutions to those injustices, such as low wages, that impact most dramatically on our families and communities.
More than 200 major employers in both the public and private sector are now accredited by the Living Wage Foundation as “living wage employers”. They have shown, by example and leadership, that it need not be a race to the bottom but compete to do better in the race to give workers dignity, a family wage and the respect that leads to higher morale and productivity.
Neil Jameson
Lead organiser, London Citizens  
• The squeeze on low wages in the UK, contrary to Zoe Williams’s excellent article, started earlier. Along with the increase in wealth at the top and drive for profit at any cost, it represented a significant shift of wealth from poor to rich from the 1980s. When Labour returned to power in 1997 it faced a low-wage economy. Its response was to introduce the national minimum wage in 1998, but finding that inadequate to the task, introduced tax credits in 2003. Both steps, in effect, subsidised the failure of companies to pay proper wages. Low-paid workers pay less tax which, with tax credits and the minimum wage, costs the exchequer.
David Murray
Wallington, Surrey
• The lot of our unskilled citizenry will only improve once we curtail immigration from within, as well as, without the EU. The market’s response will be to raise unskilled wages. There will, admittedly, be a transfer of purchasing power from the “haves” to the “have-nots” as menial jobs that cannot be outsourced abroad become more costly. This is a small price to pay for anyone concerned about national cohesiveness.
Yugo Kovach
Winterborne Houghton, Dorset 

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Is there any truth in the rumour that the United States is changing its motto to Nunquam discimus – “We never learn”? 
Having created al-Qa’ida by arming and training Bin Laden and his Islamic fundamentalists in Afghanistan, the US now seems keen to further support their protege by arming Jabhat al-Nusra in Syria.
The Afghan adventure was an opportunistic attempt to drive out the Russians – although, from what we read, life in Afghanistan was better under the Russians, especially for women, than it had been before or has been since. I suggest that the current interference in Syria is largely an attempt to deprive the Russians of the port of Tartus, their only naval facility on the Mediterranean.
Claims that the Syrian government forces have used chemical weapons are flimsy, and bear an alarming similarity to spurious justifications employed by the Bush/Blair axis. They are a bit rich coming from a country which stands accused of using so much depleted uranium in Iraq that tens of thousands of Iraqis were born with deformities.
Some months ago I received a furious email from a non-Muslim Iranian friend: will the West not be satisfied until every secular country in the Middle East has been turned into a fundamentalist Islamic state? How do you think we should answer him?
Robert Curtis
Birmingham
The great error of the US in supplying arms to one side in the Syrian civil war is that it will reinforce the perception among many Muslims of the US as a religious aggressor in the homelands of Islam. It therefore serves to escalate the perceived conflict between “the West” and “Islam”. It will also of course (as Robert Fisk points out) merely exacerbate an already perhaps irreconcilable conflict in Syria itself.
Behind this error of judgement lies a tendency in the West to see war as a judicial process, a way of righting wrongs (in this case, the use of chemical weapons) rather than a means of achieving a desirable outcome, namely peace. This legalism or moralism seems to skew western thinking, especially but not solely in the media, on the subject of war in the Middle East, and elsewhere.
Antony Black
Emeritus professor in the history of political thought,  University of Dundee
 
Gove’s ‘island story’ is a good place to start
The trouble with history, as any fule kno, is that there is so much of it. It thus makes sense to start with a bit of it which is highly significant, not so huge as to be overwhelming, and sufficiently close to home to be naturally interesting. The history of one of the most remarkable countries in the world’s history – Great Britain – is therefore, as it happens, an excellent place to start. 
Whatever one thinks of Michael Gove’s politics, I see nothing remotely objectionable in teaching our children “our island story in all its glory”. Any decent teacher will hopefully inspire children to grasp the forces that propelled us from huts to houses and from religion to reason, and then to think beyond this island starting point, and to understand the relative importance of other times and places. 
Sorry Professor Evans and colleagues (letter, 13 June) but you fail to convince.
Jim Bowman
South Harrow, Middlesex
When I went as an exchange teacher to teach social studies in New York City in 1966, I was astonished to find that the teachers’ instruction book for the city included this: “The aim of the Social Studies programme is to indoctrinate the students with the merits of American democracy.”
I objected to that and raised it with my Jewish liberal colleagues, who were embarrassed by it and explained that it was written 10 years before in the era of the McCarthy witch-hunts.
Will we, in 10 years’ time, be equally embarrassed by a history diktat written in the era of Govian anti-liberal political bias?
Anthony D Wood
Liskeard, Cornwall
The Department for Education’s response to the letter from over 100 historians and history teachers (13 June) outlining legal concerns with the government’s approach to history teaching is yet further evidence of its failure seriously to address the charge of political bias. 
Few would disagree with the DfE’s comment: “It is absolutely absurd to claim that teaching the history of Britain is illegal or politically biased”. But if the DfE spokesmen seriously believe that reforming the teaching of history in order to “celebrate” Britain’s role in the world does not constitute political bias, then I suggest they consult a dictionary.
For the sake of clarity, the letter was not referring to the “GCSE revamp” as claimed in the headline. This had not been unveiled when the letter was written. It was referring to the Government’s approach to the teaching of history, as outlined in statements made by the Education Secretary and the Prime Minister, and in the draft National Curriculum for History released last February.
Katherine Edwards
History teacher, Ashtead Surrey
 
Reasons to stay in the middle lane
I have no quarrel with the comments by Jackie Hawkins (letter, 15 June) regarding fast-lane hoggers, who like tailgaters are clearly a dangerous menace.
On the question of middle-lane hogging, surely the whole point of safe driving on any roads is the ability and willingness to adjust to the prevailing conditions and immediate situation. When on a motorway I frequently drive at around 70mph, leaving the outside lane free for the speed merchants.
Thus I may spend a considerable time in the middle lane, passing slower vehicles, and when a gap appears in the slow lane ahead I make a judgement based on the length of that gap and the likely speed of the more distant car (or lorry) in sight. In addition, if I am aware a junction is coming up I would tend to stay in the middle to allow new traffic on to the road.
Experienced drivers factor in all these variables and more when driving alertly and flexibly. However, from your correspondence pages it would seem that others prefer a more rigid, fundamentalist approach, with eyeballs bulging and steam hissing from their ears as they hop round one slow-lane vehicle at a time, driving on the moral highroad from illusion to pomposity.
Steve Edwards
Haywards Heath, West Sussex
My friend Bubs (beard, Harley-Davidson, etc) has an amusing way of dealing with middle-lane hoggers. He overtakes, moves across to the left-hand lane, slows, pulls into the outside lane and overtakes again. He reckons two circuits like this gets them to move into the correct lane.
Tony Wood
Farnborough, Hampshire
 
Things we are not allowed to know
Steve Richards argues (13 June) that government workings are transparent and that it is our fault if we don’t know what they are doing. I couldn’t disagree more.
Here are three major counterexamples. First, Blair deliberately hid from us the weakness of the case on which the Iraq war was fought. Second, tens of billions of pounds of our money have been spent on private finance initiatives the true costs of which are too “commercially sensitive” for us to be told anything about. Third, major companies have apparently not been obliged to pay huge tax bills but again we are not told how this could possibly have happened.
Bring on true transparency, but don’t hold your breath!
Michael W Eysenck
London SW20
 
Share out the royal riches
Ostensibly our culture prohibits personal gain in public office. As a local government employee, I had to “declare” small gifts of biscuits at Christmas destined for the communal tea room, and on the grander scale we are aware of the MPs’ expenses issues.
I find it incongruous that royals seemingly take advantage of their positions to accrue wealth, whilst maintaining popularity through spin doctors and PR experts (“Revealed; Prince Charles’s secret life as a multimillion-pound property dealer”, 15 June).
Perhaps now is the time to thank them kindly, assign them pensions, redistribute their wealth, and consign them and all feudal anachronism to fairy tales and pantomimes – the right places for kings, queens and princes.
John McLorinan
Weston super Mare, North Somerset
 
Two families in unequal Britain
There was an exquisite depiction of the vile but accepted inequalities in our society in the juxtaposition of two stories on page 9 of your 13 June issue. The ex-wife of an oil tycoon is awarded £17.5m in a court settlement. An 11-year-old boy is refused a school dinner because his parents owe £1.75.
The ex-wife apparently claimed that “justice had prevailed”. The school governors evidently have the brass neck to hold that justice was also served in the case of the hungry young boy. Perhaps so – depending on one’s definition of justice – but where is the moral equivalence? 
David Hodgen
Newbold Verdon, Leicestershire
 
Don’t try to save these coins
It looks to me as if at least two of the pound coins shown in the stack illustrating your article “Regular saver accounts ideal for those trying to get started” (15 June) are counterfeit. The lettering on the edge is too crude to be genuine.
I believe that about 3 per cent of the coins in circulation are counterfeit, so you seem to have been unlucky if you photographed a random selection. If you wish to save you would be well advised to ensure that you avoid presenting false coinage to your bank.
Antony Barber
Truro
 
‘Culture’ doesn’t excuse mutilation
The authorities are failing to prosecute those guilty of carrying out female genital mutilation in the UK. If this is because of “multiculturalism”, it’s a misunderstanding: all cultures change all the time.
Those, like me, supporting the right of peoples to choose their own ways of life should not excuse extreme violence, irrespective of whether it’s perpetrated in the name of “culture”. There are individuals and organisations within the cultures in question opposing FGM. They should be supported and those who practise FGM should be prosecuted.
Stephen Corry
Director, Survival International
London EC1
 
Warm work
Your leader (15 June) concludes that the outcome of a conference of meteorologists assembling on Tuesday to discuss recent cold summers will be more hot air. I hope so; summer starts on Wednesday.
David Weston
Oxford

Times:

Perhaps we would better mark the First World War’s end than its beginning — 1914 Europe was a hive of hyper-nationalism
Sir, Ben Macintyre (Opinion, June 14) imagines a Germany apparently free from anti-Semitism as the Great War approached, citing both Jewish support for war and the German employment of Jewish soldiers. Certainly Jews were sufficiently emancipated in Germany after 1848 that surprising photos survive of German-Jewish societies wherein all members sport Wilhelm II-style moustaches.
Nonetheless, there was a distinct strand of German anti-Semitic thought which was more constant in the 19th century than Macintyre implies. Fichte, in 1793, described Jews as a “state within a state” that would “undermine” the German Volk. In 1879 Treitschke described the Jews as “Germany’s misfortune”. Wilhelm Marr — the “father of anti-Semitism” — founded the influential Anti-Semitic League in 1879, and in the hysterical anti-Semitic nationalism of the Pan-German League (founded 1891) much of Nazism’s most repellant ideology is found. Against this context, the anti-Semitism of 1919 is less surprising.
Although he is perhaps more influenced by Edward Thomas than Siegfried Sassoon, Macintyre’s view of pre-First World War Europe seems as sentimentally poetic as much that he critiques. Perhaps we would better mark the war’s end than its beginning — 1914 Europe was a hive of hyper-nationalism far above any “chivalric ideal” of “king, God [and] country”.
Anthony Lazarus
London SW15
Sir, No one wants to encourage “an anti-German festival” out of the commemoration of the First World War, but Ben Macintyre’s piece based on the number of Jews who fought for the Kaiser is historically naive. It obscures the official discrimination against Jews in Germany before 1914 in the judiciary, senior civil service, schools and universities. Again, between 1885 and 1914 no Jew was promoted to reserve officer status in Prussia and those states subordinate to her in military affairs.
It was only logical therefore that after war broke out the German government instituted a “Jew Count” in 1916 to determine whether Jews were doing their proper share of fighting and not just profiteering. After all, the intellectual justification for war in Germany was that she was fighting for duty, honour and ideals (“Geist”) against Allied materialism. So, while it is wrong to read German history backwards from the Nazis, it is also wrong to sanitise it.
Alan Sked
Professor of International History, LSE
Sir, Ben Macintyre’s description of the Second World War as “a Manichean conflict between good and evil, tyranny and freedom” and thus fundamentally different to the First World War is a myth of national identity owing more to Hollywood than to history.
The British and Americans cynically allied with Stalin, a tyrant whose armies, like Hitler’s, invaded Poland in September 1939. Bombing of German and Japanese cities, the wilful abandonment of the Jews and recruitment and sheltering of Nazi scientists after the war all belie claims that we were somehow fighting for good against evil.
Rather, all were struggling for the same goal of domination or survival. The world wars were part of the same ugly clash of imperial rivalries that continues to marr our world.
Dr Nick Megoran
Lecturer, School of Geography, Politics and Sociology,
Newcastle University

Since legislation on this subject was passed in 2000 there have been far-reaching changes both in the technology and in the threats
Sir, Communications data are indeed a vital tool in the armoury of counter-terrorism and of the prevention and detection of serious crime (letters, June 14). A balance has to be struck between those requirements and the protection of individual privacy. Where the balance is to be struck is a matter which should be considered and decided by Parliament. Since the most recent legislation on this subject was passed in 2000 there have been far-reaching changes both in the technology and in the threats. It is high time for Parliament to review the matter.
The Government’s first draft of a new Bill was scrutinised by a Joint Committee of members of both Houses, of which I was a member. That Committee took a great deal of evidence. We concluded that the Bill as it stood was in some respects too far-reaching, but we were able to satisfy ourselves that there are systems in place to ensure that requests for communication data are made and granted only where a good case has been established. We made recommendations designed to restore what we thought would be the right balance for our times. The Government has now made a revised draft, which (we are told) substantially incorporates the recommendations made unanimously by the Committee.
That Bill was not included in The Queen’s Speech last month, apparently because its inclusion was vetoed by the Deputy Prime Minister on behalf of the Liberal Democrat Party because he considered the Bill to constitute too great an erosion of individual privacy. There appears to be powerful support for the Bill from influential members in the Conservative and Labour Parties, and indeed from some Liberal Democrats. The issues are too important and urgent to be shuffled away. If the revised Bill were introduced, Parliament might decide to amend, or even to reject it; but we owe it to those to whom we entrust our safety and security to give Parliament — without further delay — the opportunity to decide.
Lord Armstrong
House of Lords

This low-intensity system maximises the feed value of grass, encourages quick regrowth and minimises expensive concentrate
Sir, John Batten has drawn exactly the wrong conclusions from seeing a lot of Friesians crowded into a small field (letter, June 14) . Almost certainly, what he has observed was “paddock grazing”, a low-intensity system developed initially in New Zealand to maximise the feed value of grass, encourage quick regrowth and minimise both expensive concentrate consumption and the time spent housed during the winter.
Norman Parry
Lotmead Farm, Swindon
Sir, Matt Ridley (June 13) makes a powerful point when he says that we need to get better at interfering in rural ecosystems if we want to improve the state of much British wildlife. Not just any old interference, either, but that which succeeds in boosting food production as well as habitat and species.
To quote the ecologist Aldo Leopold: “The hope for the future lies not in curbing the influence of human occupancy — it is already too late for that — but in creating a better understanding of the extent of that influence and a new ethic for its governance.” Leopold was writing in the first half of the 20th century: his insight is ever more vital as we move through the 21st.
Teresa Dent
Chief Executive, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust

We are certain to revert to a primarily maritime strategy where our duty will lie in preserving good order around the world
Sir, Our withdrawals from Germany and Afghanistan leave the UK with fewer forces based overseas than ever before. There is no threat to the UK base nor public appetite for future interventions. Not for the first time in our island history, we are certain to revert to a primarily maritime strategy where, in conjunction with like-minded nations, our duty will lie in preserving good order around the world to the benefit of trade and prosperity. There are plenty of threats out there. For this, we need a capable “footprint”.
Rear-Admiral Guy Liardet
Meonstoke, Hants

Good coursework gives children the space to formulate their own ideas — and through this approach our future economy will reap rewards
Sir, Michael Gove must combine his admirable plans for academic rigour in GCSEs (Opinion, June 11; letters, June 12 & 13) with room for creative problem solving. We need to develop children who can think with their hands and their brains to plug the 60,000-strong deficit of engineers in Britain.
The curriculum review for primary and early secondary has made inroads. But ditching GCSE coursework is dangerous; it will encourage a culture of exam cramming rather than problem solving. Mr Gove aspires to match Shanghai schools, which have the best maths results in the world, but with little time given for inquisitive thinking. Students are too busy memorising facts to ask questions and challenge their teachers.
Learning by rote and cramming for exams is no reflection of life after education. When Dyson design engineers launch a machine, they have spent years testing, mulling over results and perfecting it. Inventing something worthwhile takes time spent persevering in labs and workshops not under exam conditions in a smelly gymnasium.
Good coursework gives children the space to formulate their own ideas and arguments. We should trust them to become problem solvers and give them the space to do so. Our future economy will reap the rewards of student cohorts bold enough to challenge convention.
Sir James Dyson
Founder of technology company Dyson,
Malmesbury, Wilts

Telegraph:

SIR – The governments in Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Colombia and Brazil must be made up of people with a strange sense of humour. As you have reported in recent weeks, they have all sought advice from Tony Blair and his henchmen.
This despite Mr Blair’s dismal record in government: he took us to war in Iraq and Afghanistan, then retired before either was resolved. He also employed a chancellor who left us with millstones of debt.
If Tony Blair had an iota of conscience he would take his so-called skills to the aforementioned countries and assist their governments in day-to-day operation. He would then apologise to Britain for the vast number of enemies we now have, along with the concomitant terrorism that will never go away.
Mervyn Jackson
Belper, Derbyshire

SIR – Peter Oborne (Opinion, June 9) hits the nail firmly on the head when he writes that the Prime Minister ought to stand up for “Conservative values” and spell out the importance of modernisers letting sleeping dogs lie.
Surely, though, the problem is that David Cameron is the moderniser-in-chief of his party. What sleeping dog deserved to be let lie more than gay marriage? There was no ground-swell of public opinion demanding it. Anyone with the slightest understanding of grass-roots Tories knew that it would cause significant dismay.
Yet, despite neither manifesto commitment nor inclusion in the Coalition Agreement, Mr Cameron steamrollered it through parliament with indecent haste, enlisting Labour support in order to offset the opposition within his own party. I fear that any hope of Mr Cameron embracing traditional Conservative values and abandoning “modernisation” is, to say the least, remote.
John Waine
Nuneaton, Warwickshire
SIR – I agree that Conservative radicalism can go too far. But even voters grateful for Michael Gove’s mission to improve our children’s schooling are unlikely to digest the force-feeding of them and us all with the paradox of gay marriage.
Related Articles
Why are governments still seeking Blair’s advice?
16 Jun 2013
Anna Rist
Cambridge
SIR – Iain Martin (Opinion, June 9) asks why top Tories spend so much time placating Nick Clegg. The answer is obvious: David Cameron is a closet liberal. He is happy to promote gay marriage, wants to re-introduce price controls – starting with minimum prices for alcohol – is an enthusiastic hider away of tobacco, and is an interventionist between our GPs and ourselves in the matter of food and our chosen lifestyle. When will he want to enter our bedrooms?
Mr Clegg can make as big a fool of himself as he likes, but not aided by a man who claims to be a Conservative.
Dick Lawrie
March, Cambridgeshire
SIR – Coalition governments in Britain do not, except during a major war, appear to produce a stable or positive regime. In order to eliminate the possibility of a hung-parliament would it not be preferable, if there proved to be no single overall winning party, to hold subsequent further general elections until a winning party emerged?
Given that the electorate would then be aware of the previous voting patterns, it is highly probable that a second poll would be more successful.
John Hannaford
New Milton
SIR – Many years ago I was told: “The essence of management is the ability to make decisions.” As long as Nick Clegg is allowed to continue to drag him down, David Cameron will never be able to demonstrate his true ability as a decision-maker. Conservative voters did not elect Mr Clegg and most would be pleased to see him and his fellow nonentities removed from their positions of power.
George Wilkie
Hemingford Grey, Huntingdonshire
SIR – In 2010 the Lib Dems were given a golden opportunity to demonstrate that they are fit to govern. Instead of seizing that opportunity they soon relapsed into opposition mode.
Their behaviour is causing a growing paralysis in government decision-making reminiscent of the Italian coalition governments of the post-war era. As long as the Coalition lasts, government will remain in limbo.
Frank Tomlin
Billericay, Essex
SIR – Could it be that Timothy Stroud (Letters, June 9) is the one who has been dreaming? Perhaps he’s dreaming of a Conservative Party in which it is the Prime Minister rather than George Osborne who holds this Government together. Perhaps he’s dreaming that he can feel good about being a Tory again.
Maybe the David most missed by Mr Stroud is not Miliband but a certain Mr Davis?
Ewan Benfield
London SE1
Power rationing would be disastrous
SIR – Christopher Booker reports on a disturbing issue concerning future power rationing within 10 years (“MPs want to turn your lights off, but why weren’t we told?”, Opinion, June 9).
I recall the attempts to break the strikes by introducing enforced power cuts and forcing industry and business to operate a three-day week. Then, the computers and chips that drive so much today were uncommon, so it was relatively easy to adapt. If such a policy is introduced to make demand fit production now, our economic recovery will be hit further.
Public services, local councils and civil servants would be protected by on-site generation, but many individuals and companies without an uninterruptible power supply would suffer disastrous consequences.
Keith Taylor
Peterchurch, Herefordshire
SIR – May I suggest that Parliament sets us a good example of how to reduce our electricity consumption by immediately arranging to have all power supply to the Houses of Parliament cut off for one working day per week, to be followed in due course by all other government offices?
I doubt many people outside Westminster would initially notice, but have our bright MPs any other practical scheme to achieve their daydream?
Roderick Taylor
Bourne End, Buckinghamshire
SIR – I have been considering how I might reduce my electricity consumption and can only come up with using my camping stove to cook and to stock up on candles for lighting. No use of refrigerator or washing machine. I will have to dress warmer in the winter with no central heating.
This is how my maternal grandmother used to live so it can be done. Tomorrow I look into investing in candle-makers.
Stephen Cogswell
Ashburton, Devon
SIR – Christopher Booker says that provisions in the new Energy Bill will mean that householders will have to reduce their use of electricity. Can you just imagine it – whole regiments of uniformed busy-bodies, all cast in the role of Warden Hodges of Dad’s Army fame, armed with clipboards and torches, patrolling the streets at night exhorting people to “put that light out”.
Ted Shorter
Tonbridge, Kent
Choirs can thrive
SIR – I fear Rachel Musgrove (Letters, June 9) is right to lament how poor most church choirs are, but the exception can still be found. On a quite ordinary Sunday in June my wife and I visited a red-brick parish church in Oxford to join a congregation of some thirty to forty people of all ages enjoying full choral matins with sung canticles, Jubilate in D by Arthur Sullivan, and an anthem by Tchaikovsky. A small, superbly musical and well-balanced choir (with a strong tenor line) led proceedings.
I suggest that Radio 4’s Sunday Worship calls the Vicar of All Saints’ in Headington, Oxford, to ask just how well it can be done, week after week.
Andrew Boggis
Hooke, Dorset
SIR – I agree that choirs are all short of tenors, but this has been the situation for many years. You have to go to Wales for tenors, where they can be found in their thousands.
Furthermore, I never miss that wonderful, under-rated programme Songs of Praise on Sunday afternoons, and I thought the Salisbury Cathedral choir a couple of weeks ago was absolutely superb. It was a joy to hear boy sopranos in particular, and I did not detect a shortage in the tenor section.
Roy Fairbourn
Crawley, East Sussex
Wind farm seascapes
SIR – If public consultation on future “on-shore” wind-farm applications can actually be seen to work it is a welcome step in the right direction. At present, there are two categories which broadly define the location of wind farms: “on-shore” and “off-shore”. However, most “off-shore” turbines are visually dominant as they are erected in our coastal waters.
Those of us who live in coastal regions of the Wirral peninsula and Sefton on Merseyside and of north Wales, value our seascapes as much as our local landscapes.
These seascapes, which currently contain about 100 turbines sited in the near and middle distance, are expected to more than double in number in the next few years. This will have the effect of almost completely industrialising our views out to sea.
May I then suggest that a new locational category of “in-shore” be accepted and recognised as part of the improved public consultation process?
Rod Tann
West Kirby, Wirral
State surveillance
SIR – I am prepared to accept that the security services read my emails and listen to my voicemails if it means that my family are safer and that others can go about their lives with less fear and risk (“Hague backs US spies in row over web snooping”, report, June 9).
So please stop the hysteria about GCHQ intercepting electronic communications; after all, that is what the agency was created to do.
Paul Foster
London SW1
Slippery supper
SIR – Ben Fogle’s article on elvers (“Country travels, June 9) reminded me of an elver supper many years ago at a pub in the Severn Valley. Live elvers were dropped into a large bowl of beaten egg to swim around and coat themselves for deep frying.
The sight of them trying to make their escape by climbing out of the bowl and sliding away across the bar leaving trails of raw egg has stayed with me. The taste was non-existent and the texture rather like chewing rubber bands.
Mamie Sharman
Felixstowe, Suffolk
Reasons to celebrate Father’s Day
SIR – A judge recently pointed out to me that there is virtually nothing about fathers and the importance of good fathering in the literature given to pregnant women or new mothers.
In schools nobody tells boys that fathering is the most important and responsible thing they will ever do, nor that, when done well, fatherhood bestows upon you the deepest, most satisfying and fun relationships of your life.
The only explanation for this neglect is terror of the political incorrectness of offending single mothers, and the general mythologising of fathers as irrelevant and feckless abusers.
In recent times the family courts have treated fathers heartlessly as mere sperm donors and bankers. This is gradually changing in the light of academic research showing that children have better outcomes if they have a meaningful relationship with their father.
For too many men, Fathers’ Day is a day of sorrow, frustration, and anger, and for too many children it passes unnoticed. We want to be included in education about parenthood, and the importance of our role in our children’s lives to be properly respected.
Louis de Bernières
London W11
Gas-powered trains
SIR – A fundamental re-think of motive power on the railways is called for (Letters, June 9). As things stand, where mains electricity is the source, there are transmission losses from the generating station, expensive fixed equipment to install and maintain and also the looming threat of power cuts bringing everything to a grinding halt.
What could be more logical than to generate the electricity on board with the small, powerful gas turbines now widely available? Since the final drive is electric the train sets could still run off the overhead wires if necessary.
Alan Duncalf
Bampton, Devon
Edible papers
SIR – I think Rory Fyfe Smith (Letters, June 9) may be onto something. While awaiting her turn for our Sunday Telegraph my wife often complains that I am making a meal of reading it. If it were edible I could digest it at my leisure.
Bruce Denness
Whitwell, Isle of Wight
SIR – Should you publish an edible edition of the paper, will you ever feel persuaded to eat your words?
Philip Hodgkins
Grosmont, Monmouthshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – I was dismayed to read of the proposal to drop history as a core subject for Junior Certificate but was heartened to hear Prof Diarmaid Ferriter’s impassioned plea, in the Oireachtas education committee, for its retention (Breaking News, June 12th).
I teach at primary level, where all children rightly get the opportunity to begin the study of history. I feel very strongly this needs to be continued at second level for all young people. The study of history gives young people a context from which they can begin to understand themselves and others. It helps them to understand the society in which they function. It broadens their world view and provides an integrative lens for viewing humanity.
Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Walter McDougall wrote, “History is the grandest vehicle for vicarious experience: it truly educates . . . young minds and obliges them to reason, wonder, and brood about the vastness, richness, and tragedy of the human condition.”
So crucially the teaching of history promotes analytical, critical thinking and intellectual growth. The health of a democracy can be measured by its citizens understanding of history. Shame on this Government for contemplating this downgrading of history at second level. – Yours, etc,
EIBHLIN CAMPBELL, BEd,

Sir, – One of the ironies of a democracy is that unelected upper houses with a limited blocking function tend to have a more balanced / long-term view of life than an elected lower house. This is the real reason agenda-driven lower houses dislike them – they tend to get in the way of government agendas.
While the Seanad needs some reform, a reformed Seanad could act as a useful check and balance on the actions/antics of the Dáil. It’s depressing, but hardly surprising, that Fine Gael is pushing to abolish the Seanad instead of focusing on something far more important, namely modernising the system of ministerial appointments.
The current Irish political system ensures that experienced politicians with limited experience of the substance of their ministerial responsibilities rise to the top. We do not need Ministers to be drawn from the ranks of elected TDs. Provided their actions are subject to parliamentary scrutiny, it’s better that Ministers are not themselves elected. That way, Ireland could benefit directly from people with real-world experience in each ministerial area (not yet more lawyers and teachers); and they would be under less pressure to make populist and self-serving decisions. – Yours, etc,
SEÁN Mac CANN,
Trillick, Co Tyrone.
Sir, – I would like to take issue with the Taoiseach, Enda Kenny, on the matter of the origins of our upper house.
In his speech this week he described the Seanad as an anachronistic model reminiscent of 19th-century Britain, clearly referring to the House of Lords (Front page, June 6th). I find this comparison inaccurate, and feel that it fails to do justice to the character of our upper house.
Yes, it is true to say, that many of our legal, political and administrative institutions were modelled on those of the Anglo Normans, and later the British establishment, indeed, if I am not mistaken, we continue to mimic and emulate some of the legislative reforms of our neighbours. However, when it comes to the Seanad I believe that it is worth mentioning that prior to the arrival of the Anglo Normans there was in place a system of Early Irish Law, to which poets contributed to the drafting and administration of the law.
I feel this model to which our current Seanad bears more resemblance. The insights of artists that extend beyond the more restrictive positivist legal traditions, I believe, have the potential to add a more human aspect to our public administration. If anything we need more of this not less. Significant Senators such as WB Yeats, Robert Ballagh and David Norris are counted in their number.
I am in favour of reform of the Seanad, and would like to see a greater diversity represented, in particular an allocation for a representative for members of the Traveller community. Law should be about fairness; diminishing the role of diverse members of society will quieten the more radical voices and reduce the quality of our parliament, a place where all voices should be heard. – Yours, etc,
SUSAN GOGAN, LLB,

Sir, – Dr Ewen Mullins of Teagasc reportedly states, “While it was being claimed the study was putting Ireland’s GM-free status in jeopardy, the State was not GM-free and was already importing almost one million tonnes of GM animal feed every year” (“GM study will see planting of 5,000 potato plants”, Home News, June 10th).
By the same logic, one should not complain about the negative effects of an increased level of air or water pollution, once some pollution has already occurred. The answer, of course, is to halt the use of GM foodstuffs in Ireland, rather than to build on what has already been allowed through.
There are many scientific and other arguments against GM “food” (for example those made by Vandana Shiva). But in this case, the issue is one of perception: to the extent that the (largely anti-GM) European public will lose their view of Ireland as a “clean, green” source of food, this will be economically catastrophic for Ireland’s food producers. 
The article states, “Dr Mullins said it would be highly irresponsible of Teagasc to do something that would put Ireland’s food industry at risk as it was the organisation’s role to underpin the agri-food industry.” While this is undoubtedly true, it is surely an argument against  the GM project rather than in favour of it. – Yours, etc,
PAUL O’BRIEN,

Sir, – While your Editorial about “The price of being poor” (June 12th) is very welcome, I suspect the idea that all money-lenders are subject to Central Bank, or any, regulation is a pipe dream. In my experience of people who have had to have recourse to this source of money, interest rates are far, far higher than your editorial suggests. Such loans definitely need to be more tightly controlled but in a manner that makes exorbitant interest a criminal offence with a significant penalty. Money lending and pimping are often bedfellows! – Yours, etc,
NICK STRONG,

Sir, – I’m intrigued by Joe Cunnane’s letter (June 14th )
Has he forgotten how our Government has promoted “The Gathering ” as a method of getting anyone with a remote Irish connection to visit us in 2013? Surely Michelle and her daughters with such strong Irish connections should be feted in our “green and misty island”?
It might even be that her entourage would buy enough souvenirs of their visit to fill a spare Air Force 1. On a more practical note, it would ensure that next St Patrick’s Day, the Taoiseach would receive an even warmer welcome on Washington. We need all the members of the diaspora we can find to visit us and enjoy the experience. – Yours, etc,
MICHAEL J LOWEY,

   
Sir, – According to the latest Irish Times/Ipsos MRBI poll (June 14th), Fianna Fáil (on 26 per cent) is now the “best supported party in the State” and the Green Party has increased its support by a whopping 100 per cent (up from one to two per cent). Could we be in for another FF/Green coalition? Indeed, one is tempted to pose the question: Did the now defunct PDs throw in the towel too soon? – Yours, etc,
PAUL DELANEY,

Sir, – Your Editorial “Taxation and the property market” (June 10th) gave a very good account of the causes of the boom and bust with one glaring exception: 100 per cent mortgages.
Had people been forced to put up 20 per cent of the cost to qualify for a mortgage, housing costs wouldn’t have gone skywards, the banks wouldn’t have shovelled mortgages out the door and the ghost estates wouldn’t have been built.
We’d have been spared the moaners and whingers on “debt forgiveness” and “negative equity”. – Yours, etc,
JAMES MORAN,

Irish Independent:
Madam – Forgive what on the surface might appear to be boring pedantry, but I must tell you that your report referring to the “new landscape of possibilities” claimed by former President McAleese to have emerged from the “peace process” left one feeling distinctly uneasy as to the implications (Sunday Independent, June 9, 2013).
Also in this section
We are not a caring society
Points of dispute
O’Connor misses point on Bono
It would seem to imply that the so-called peace process, which in my view is overworked to the point of farce, was a good that emerged from a 30-year campaign of horror, euphemistically dubbed ‘The Troubles’, and that the latter was a necessary first step towards the former.
What one might describe as this Irish proclivity for tendentious logic-chopping, I suggest, is not only inherently flawed but lethally dangerous.
If I may cite another classic example which appeared in a recent letter by Senator Mark Daly (Sunday Independent, May 5, 2012).
While justifying the erection of an exact replica of the Proclamation at Kenmare he assured readers that the organising committee “had at its core principle that the Proclamation, Easter Week and the War of Independence can best be defined by what they were fighting for – not what they were fighting against”.
Now I confess that I can’t follow his logic but as a victim of the consequences of what followed I feel morally justified in referring to Professor JJ Lee’s graphic account: “… a political and professional elite, spiritual collaborators in the mass eviction process that drove more than half a million out between 1945 and 1960″.
In short, a morally and politically bankrupt regime that depended entirely on emigration (and still does) for the protection of its own privileges.
Therein lies the logic of your present shambles.
William Barrett
Surrey, UK
Irish Independent
Madam – I would have been worried if Brendan O’Connor (Sunday Independent, June 9, 2013) had liked my book, The Frontman: Bono (In the Name of Power). Of the many audiences I had to consider while writing this book for an international publisher, well connected Dublin journalists were at the bottom of the list.
Also in this section
An Irish sort of logic
We are not a caring society
Points of dispute
So it’s predictable that O’Connor would cherrypick a few asides and explanations for non-Irish readers and pretend they were my core “accusations” against Bono, all the while ignoring my main argument. (Hint: it’s in the title.) It’s more than predictable that he would attack my failure to hew to the Sunday Independent line on the Troubles. And it’s to be expected, I guess, that he would misrepresent me: he says, for example, I infer “from one interview with one guy that Bono doesn’t give any money to charity”, when, in fact, I do more or less exactly the opposite. (Seriously, see page 146.)
But I am sorry he felt the need to descend to ad hominem, red-baiting me and asking “what the f*** has Browne ever done?”. Rather than describe my CV of unpaid activism – which he might object has achieved nothing, and he might be right – I’ll answer that question another way: I’ve written a book (one with lots of shortcomings, Lord knows) that might just persuade some people that the brand of philanthropy carried out by Bono and those for whom he fronts is worse than “imperfect”; that, in fact, it distorts the realities of global poverty, advocates bad “solutions”, and burnishes the image of those who profit from exploitation and inequality. Who knows, some readers may even be moved to act to create a more just world, and to act with a vision that isn’t limited by the horizons of the powerful.
Harry Browne,
Kimmage, Dublin
Irish Independent

Madam – In last week’s Sunday Independent, Colm McCarthy took issue with one of the conclusions of our recently published book, The Fall of the Celtic Tiger: Ireland and the Euro Debt Crisis. We suggested that even if the Irish authorities had suddenly become aware on September 29, 2008, of the impending insolvency of the banking system, it would have been “difficult to see how the granting of some sort of comprehensive guarantee … could have been avoided”.
Also in this section
An Irish sort of logic
We are not a caring society
Points of dispute
Somewhat surprisingly, McCarthy, while stating his own opinion on the matter, did not refer at all to the argument underlying the authors’ view contained in a lengthy chapter that examined thoroughly all aspects of the guarantee. At the time of the guarantee decision, the authorities believed that the banks were suffering from liquidity, rather than solvency problems. The authorities’ principal preoccupation was to prevent the collapse of any Irish bank. This position, while shared throughout Europe (as evidenced by the Northern Rock affair), was not the result of an ECB imposed diktat. Rather, experiences of major bank failures elsewhere led them to believe that there would otherwise be incalculable economic and financial damage, including to Ireland’s international reputation. In particular, there was a well-grounded fear that all the other banks would quickly have faced insurmountable pressures if Anglo was permitted to fail.
The book concluded that none of the other options available at the time of the guarantee, could have provided assurances for solving this immediate looming problem. Nor is there convincing evidence for the assertions that the government was “rolled” by the banks or that Merrill Lynch, adviser to the government, disagreed with the action taken.
But what if the true insolvency of the banks had become known by then? Allowing only banks that were believed to be “bad” to fail would not have been a solution. In reality the banks were all facing huge losses and, assuming any cost to the taxpayer was to be avoided, none of them would have deserved a rescue. Yet, it is barely conceivable that, on the morning of September 30, all the Irish banks would have been allowed to close their doors.
One can ask whether Europe, under this scenario, would have been willing to provide short-term financial support to Dublin to keep the banks open, without requiring that the losses eventually be borne by the Irish State? Conceivably, this might have been a possibility if it was thought at the time that many other banks in Europe were facing similar problems. But it took several years – from 2008 to 2012 – before the true picture and a consequent policy rethink began to emerge at European level. A more likely outcome – McCarthy is correct on this – would have been that the eventual bailout, involving longer-term troika funding partly to repay bank creditors, would simply have been brought forward by two years. But this would not have affected the burden on the taxpayer.
In the end, the ultimate cost to taxpayers would only have been lessened if the Irish government had imposed losses on senior bank creditors. But the reality is that in the following four-and-a-half years, they did not. This reflected concerns about reputational costs for Ireland, as well as pressures from the ECB owing to contagion fears and the creation of what were thought to be, rightly or wrongly, unacceptable precedents.
The guarantee was not the “big mistake” that caused Ireland’s financial crisis. The big mistakes (and here we agree fully with Colm McCarthy) were the extreme misjudgements and policy errors made long before the events of September 2008.
McCarthy’s statement that there has been no comprehensive official inquiry into the banking crisis is incorrect. There have been two such inquiries – the Honohan inquiry and the Nyberg commission, both of which had access to all relevant official documents. Their reports have not found favour with all, partly because the proceedings were not held in public and partly, perhaps, because some of the conclusions, including their broad support for the guarantee as an unavoidable step at the time, do not fit well with the views of some commentators. But those are different issues.
Donal Donovan and Antoin E Murphy, Dublin
Senators should do job for free
Madam – The Seanad is a vital part of our Constitution and has always been an inherent foundation for democracy in this State. OK, so it costs a bit to run and we can’t really afford another quango.
However, if all senators agree to do it for free, out of the goodness of their heart, I can’t see a problem keeping it. All interested raise your hand.
Vincent O’Connell,
New Ross, Co Wexford
What has Senate ever done for us?
Madam – In your editorial (Sunday Independent, June 9, 2013) you say that the attempt of the Government to abolish the Seanad is an act of constitutional vandalism. Maybe you’re right.
Yet your piece in its entirety gives but one aged example in support of retaining the upper house. You describe how, in the Seventies, the very able David Norris argued the case of human rights for gay people.
Leaving aside Mr Norris’s admirable representations of 40 years ago, I beg to ask, what practical good has the Senate done in its 90 years of existence? Show me the benefits brought about by this forum.
Good and decent people that most members are, they are what they are, an impotent group of wanton wasters: a liability on the taxpayer.
John McCormack,
Drogheda, Co Louth
O Bradaigh and his many parties
Madam – The question about Ruairi O Bradaigh, for me anyway, was whether he created the Judean People’s Front.
Back in the early Seventies, RTE news used to read out statements by both “Sinn Fein (Kevin Street)” and “Sinn Fein (Gardiner Place)”
(and I had to remember which was the O Bradaigh’s Provos).
And later he formed Republican Sinn Fein, just in case anybody confused him with Monarchical Sinn Fein.
The only reason Monty Python may not have used this as the basis for jokes about one-man ‘movements’ is that it would have needed a knowledge of the minutiae of Irish politics usually beyond Englishmen (fortunately for them).
Frank Desmond,
Cork city
Wedding scene far from reality
Madam – I read with interest Alison O’Riordan’s report (Sunday Independent, June 9, 2013) on Rhona Healy’s wedding to Andrew McNamara in Mullingar, Co Westmeath. I was attracted to the picture. It was downhill after that.
The wedding took place in the Cathedral of Christ the King, Mullingar, which is the main church in the diocese of Meath. The description of the cathedral as a country church in a vibrant village is a bit far-fetched, especially as Mullingar is the county town of Westmeath.
I live in Ballynacargy, about 10 miles from Mullingar, and it would fit the description very well of a vibrant village in Westmeath. Maybe you could come and see the difference for yourself.
Doreen Moughty,
Ballinacargey, Co Westmeath
Catholic Kenny a real gambler
Madam – Taoiseach Enda Kenny said he was a Catholic but he was not a Catholic Taoiseach. However, being a leader, he has to go against the Catholic doctrine in the case of the new Bill.
The Taoiseach should dwell on Matthew 6:24: “No man can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one and love the other or else he will hold to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon (power & wealth).”
You are a real gambler, Enda Kenny, and if you pull this one off I will not congratulate you.
James Gleeson, Thurles, Co Tipperary
Irish Independent

Madam – I would like to congratulate Carol Hunt (Sunday Independent, June 9, 2013) on her article regarding the shameful treatment of our less fortunate fellow citizens and the consequences of the Government’s actions which have created a hugely divided society on this small island of ours.
Also in this section
An Irish sort of logic
Points of dispute
O’Connor misses point on Bono
We sell ourselves as a caring society and yet the evidence suggests otherwise, as Ms Hunt outlined. It has been my opinion, having worked and lived abroad, that we are not deserving of our self-assessment that we are a caring nation. The salaries of politicians and bankers are frankly obscene. We must be the only country in the world where these people are paid for failure.
The actions of our leaders in continuing this austerity policy which affects the most vulnerable people is not acceptable. We are all God’s children, we all breathe the same air and we are all mortal.
We need more people like Ms Hunt to highlight the ongoing divisions in our society and therefore create a fairer and less violent society.
Barry Doyle,
Finglas Road, Dublin 11
LIFE SKILLS ARE NOT BEING TAUGHT
Madam – Regarding your lead letter last Sunday, the major problem with the ancient institute of marriage is that it was set up for reasons that don’t really apply in today’s world. Unfortunately our hopelessly bureaucratic system of education only really exists to make sure that we support the current governmental system.
Such useful things as how to look after ourselves in an increasingly hostile environment – physically, financially, mentally, legally and maritally – are rarely even thought about let alone taught.
The fact that the couple mentioned had decided to get married without discussing the most fundamental parts of their future life together is tragic proof of that.
However, the system keeps the accountants, bureaucrats, teachers, lawyers and politicians well paid, so who cares about us?
Dick Barton
Tinahely, Co Wicklow

Joan home

June 16, 2013

16 June 2013 Joan at home

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, oh dear oh dear.
Troutbridge has been sent off to test a new secret shell, an indestructible shell. Fired at the target ship it goes straight through the other side and the flag ship, and an air craft carrier and all the other ships in the fleet and ends up in Captain Povey’s office. Priceless.
Another quiet day Sandy rings Joan is going home today all will be well I hope.
We watch The Pallaisers Bye bye Mr Finn MP Hello again Mr Finn, the old duke dies.
Mary wins at scrabble but she gets under 400 perhaps I can have my revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Dorothea Wight
Dorothea Wight, who has died aged 68, was an artist and founder of Studio Prints, Kentish Town, the first workshop in London to produce editions of intaglio artists’ prints; over 40 years she worked with many of the most important names in British art.

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Dorothea Wight at work 
6:02PM BST 14 Jun 2013
Dorothea Wight first established her studio as a workshop for plate making and editioning etchings in 1968, shortly after leaving art school, in a damp basement of a building awaiting demolition in Modbury Road, Chalk Farm. In 1972 the studio moved to new premises in Queen’s Crescent, into a building which had been the first branch of Sainsbury’s, where she installed three presses and other equipment. The studio was opened by Lord Sainsbury, and from the mid 1970s Dorothea Wight ran it with Marc Balakjian, the Armenian-born artist who became her husband in 1977.
Dorothea and her husband worked with more than 100 artists, while also making a name for themselves as artists in their own right. Lucian Freud made 47 of his later etchings at Studio Prints and other clients included Frank Auerbach, Leon Kossoff, Ron Kitaj, Julian Trevelyan, Norman Ackroyd, Stephen Conroy, Ken Kiff, Celia Paul, Paula Rego and William Tillyer.
Celia Paul has recalled that Dorothea Wight “had a way of wiping a plate to create a glowing effect, and was particularly good at catching the quality of light”. To prepare a plate for one of Celia Paul’s soft-ground etchings, she would immerse it in very dilute acid, checking its progress every quarter of an hour; the whole process might take four days. Towards the end of her career, when illness prevented her from working on plates herself, she trained her daughter, Tamar, to produce her characteristic effects.
Dorothea’s own preferred medium was the coloured mezzotint and over the course of 30 years she exhibited her work, mostly dream-like landscapes seen through windows, at group and solo exhibitions in Britain and around the world, winning many prizes. The art critic Guy Keriben observed that she had a “secret bond” with her medium that allowed her to “create a world where all the delights of a thought float between dream and memory” evoking “a lost world of tranquillity and happiness”.
One of her prints was used by Pat Gilmour in her book Understanding Contemporary Prints to illustrate the mezzotint process, and examples of her work are held in the permanent collections of museums and galleries including the V&A, the British Museum, the Bibliotheque National in Paris and the Warsaw Museum of Fine Art.
Dorothea Wight was born on September 23 1944 and grew up in Devon where her father ran a pottery. After Totnes High School and a year at Dartington School of Art, she attended the Slade School of Fine Art where she studied painting, but was soon drawn to the print department under Anthony Gross. She was taught lithography by Stanley Johns.
She founded Studio Prints shortly after graduation, having persuaded her bank manager to give her a loan to buy a press. Her first customer was the artist Julian Trevelyan, who rode to the rescue when the delivery of her press was delayed, offering her the use of his press at his riverside studio in Hammersmith. Trevelyan became a loyal customer and firm friend.
As well as running her workshop, Dorothea Wight taught printmaking at Morley College and at art schools including the Royal College, Cambridge, Brighton and Medway. As a visiting lecturer she established an etching department at the Camden Institute.
As a child Dorothea learned the piano and she later returned to the instrument, winning a prize for a public performance of Satie’s Gymnopédie No I. With her husband she enjoyed travelling around European cities; at home they liked to take breakfast at Kenwood House and walk on Hampstead Heath.
Dorothea Wight was an honorary member of the Royal Society of Painter Etchers.
In 2000 she was diagnosed with a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and in 2011, as her health deteriorated, she and her husband decided to close Studio Prints.
For the last six months of her life her only contact with the outside world was the view from her bedroom window of a corner of the garden where forget-me-nots flowered.
Dorothea Wight is survived by her husband and by a son and daughter.
Dorothea Wight, born September 23 1944, died May 23 2013

Guardian:

By the end of this parliament, councils’ funding from central government will have been cut by 33%. In comparison, Whitehall departments will have faced average reductions of 12%.
This pattern cannot be repeated without it having a serious impact on local services and people.
Councils have so far taken £3.1bn from the annual pay bill, reduced management costs by more than 12.5% and saved hundreds of millions of pounds by teaming up to provide both back office and frontline services. Council tax increases have also been kept well below the rate of inflation for the past four years. The resilience of local government cannot be stretched much further. For many councils, new funding cuts in 2015/16 will lead to a significant reduction in, and in some cases even loss of, important local services.
In the next spending round, local government finance must be put on a sustainable footing. To do this, the government has to adjust health and schools budgets to incorporate the local services that help the elderly stay independent longer and ensure children are ready for school. This will ultimately save money by reducing pressure on our hospitals, police and prisons.
It must also embark on a rewiring of public services. The only way of maintaining them in the face of proposed long-term cuts is to design them around the needs of people and communities. That means devolving budgets away from Whitehall to increase co-operation between public agencies, save money and improve services.
Local government bore the brunt of cuts in the last spending review. For the sake of the public it cannot afford to do so again. It would be bad for the country, bad for people and bad for our prospects of economic recovery if funding for local services is cut further to reinforce inefficiencies within Whitehall.
Sir Merrick Cockell, chairman, LGA; Gary Porter, vice chair, LGA, leader of the LGA Conservative group and leader of South Holland District Council; David Sparks, vice chair of the LGA, leader of the LGA Labour group and leader of Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council; Gerald Vernon-Jackson, vice chair of the LGA, leader of the LGA Liberal Democrat group and leader of Portsmouth City Council; Marianne Overton, LGA Independent group leader and Independent group leader at Lincolnshire County Council and North Kesteven District Council, and 146 others (see observer.co.uk/letters)
Neil Parkin, leader Adur District Council
Alan Smith, leader Allerdale Borough Council
Gillian Brown, leader Arun District Council
John Cartwright, leader Aylesbury Vale District Council
Stephen Houghton CBE, leader of Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council
Simon Greaves, leader Bassetlaw District Council
Paul Crossley, leader Bath and North Somerset Council
Mayor Dave Hodgson, Bedford Borough Council
Sir Albert Bore, leader Birmingham City Council
Kate Hollern, leader Blackburn with Darwen Borough Council
Simon Blackburn, leader Blackpool Council
Eion Watts, leader Bolsover District Council
Clifford Morris JP, leader Bolton Council
Peter Bedford, leader Boston Borough Council
John Beesley, leader Bournemouth Borough Council
Paul Bettison, leader Bracknell Forest Borough Council
David Green, leader Bradford Metropolitan District Council
Muhammed Butt, leader Brent Council
Jason Kitcat, leader Brighton and Hove City Council
Milan Radulovic, leader Broxtowe Borough Council
Julie Cooper, leader Burnley Borough Council
Mike Connolly, leader Bury Metropolitan Borough Council
Timothy Swith, leader Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council
Tim Bick, leader Cambridge City Council
Sarah Hayward, leader Camden Council
John Gilbey, leader Canterbury City Council
James Jamieson, leader Central Bedfordshire Council
Steve Jordan, leader Cheltenham Borough Council
Mike Jones, leader Cheshire West and Chester
John Burrows, leader Chesterfield Borough Council
Alistair Bradley, leader Chorley Borough Council
James Alexander, leader City of York Council
Elaine Woodburn, leader Copeland Borough Council
Tom Beattie, leader Corby Borough Council
Ann Lucas, leader Coventry City Council
Chris Knowles-Fitton, leader Craven District Council
Chris Millar, leader Daventry District Council
Paul Bayliss, leader Derby City Council
Anne Western, leader Derbyshire County Council
Roselyn Jones, elected mayor Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council
Simon Henig, leader Durham County Council
Julian Bell, leader Ealing London Borough Council
Paul Diviani, leader East Devon District Council
David Tutt, leader Eastbourne Borough Council
Keith House, leader Eastleigh Borough Council
Doug Taylor, leader Enfield Council
Peter Edwards, leader Exeter City Council
Mick Henry CBE, leader Gateshead Council
John Clarke, leader Gedling Borough Council
Trevor Wainwright, leader Great Yarmouth Borough Council
Mayor Jules Pipe, Hackney London Borough Council
Rob Polhill, leader Halton Borough Council
Roy Perry, leader Hampshire County Council
Blake Pain, leader Harborough District Council
Claire Kober, leader Haringey London Borough Council
Mark Wilkinson, leader Harlow District Council
Michael White, leader Havering London Borough Council
Caitlin Bisknell, leader High Peak Borough Council
Stuart Bray, leader Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council
Miles Parkinson, leader Hyndburn Borough Council
David Ellesmere, leader Ipswich Borough Council
Catherine West, leader Islington Council
Mehboob Khan, leader Kirklees Metropolitan Council
Ron Round JP, leader Knowsley Metropolitan Borough Council
Lib Peck, leader Lambeth London Borough Council
Jenny Mein, leader Lancashire County Council
Keith Wakefield, leader Leeds City Council
Sir Peter Soulsby, City Mayor Leicester City Council
Nicholas Rushton, leader Leicestershire County Council
Mayor Sir Steve Bullock, executive mayor Lewisham London Borough Council
Richard Metcalfe, leader Lincoln City Council
Mayor Joe Anderson OBE, executive mayor Liverpool City Council
Hazel Simmons, leader Luton Borough Council
Sir Richard Leese CBE, leader Manchester City Council
Mayor Tony Egginton, Mansfield District Council
Byron Rhodes, leader Melton Borough Council
Stephen Alambritis, leader Merton London Borough Council
Nick Forbes, leader Newcastle upon Tyne City Council
Gareth Snell, leader Newcastle-under-Lyme Borough Council
Sir Robin Wales, executive mayor Newham London Borough Council
Brian Greenslade, leader North Devon District Council
Deborah Croney, leader North Dorset District Council
Graham Baxter MBE, leader North East Derbyshire District Council
Chris Shaw, leader North East Lincolnshire Council
Lynda Needham, leader North Hertfordshire District Council
Marion Brighton, leader North Kesteven District Council
Brenda Arthur, leader Norwich City Council
Jon Collins, leader Nottingham City Council
Alan Rhodes, leader Nottinghamshire County Council
Dennis Harvey, leader Nuneaton & Bedworth Borough Council
John Boyce, leader Oadby and Wigston Borough Council
Jim McMahon, leader Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council
Bob Price, leader Oxford City Council
Tudor Evans, leader Plymouth City Council
Peter Rankin, leader Preston City Council
Jo Lovelock, leader Reading Borough Council
Colin Lambert, leader Rochdale Metropolitan Borough Council
Alyson Barnes, leader Rossendale Borough Council
Carl Maynard, leader Rother District Council
Roger Stone OBE, leader Rotherham Metropolitan Borough Council
Chris Roberts, leader Royal Borough of Greenwich
Linda Cowling, leader Ryedale District Council
Mayor Ian Stewart, City Mayor Salford City Council
Darren Cooper, leader Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council
Peter Dowd, leader Sefton Metropolitan Borough Council
Peter Fleming, leader Sevenoaks District Council
Julie Dore, leader Sheffield City Council
Ken Meeson, leader Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council
Ann Ducker, leader South Oxfordshire District Council
Ric Pallister, leader South Somerset District Council
Iain Malcolm, leader South Tyneside Metropolitan Borough Council
Simon Letts, leader Southampton City Council
Peter John, leader Southwark Council
Barrie Grunewald, leader St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council
Philip Atkins, leader Staffordshire County Council
Sharon Taylor OBE, leader Stevenage Borough Council
Sue Derbyshire, Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council
Bob Cook, leader Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council
Mohammed Pervez, leader Stoke-on-Trent City Council
Geoffrey Wheeler, leader Stroud District Council
Paul Watson, leader Sunderland City Council
David Hodge, leader Surrey County Council
Ruth Dombey, leader London Borough of Sutton
Andrew Bowles, leader Swale Borough Council
David Renard, leader Swindon Borough Council
Kieran Quinn, leader Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council
Kuldip Sahota, leader Telford and Wrekin Council
Peter Halliday, leader Tendring District Council
Clive Hart, leader Thanet District Council
John Kent, leader Thurrock Council
Peter Box CBE, leader Wakefield Metropolitan District Council
Chris Robbins, leader Waltham Forest London Borough Council
Terry O’Neill, leader Warrington Council
Mayor Dorothy Thornhill, Watford Borough Council
Philip Sanders, leader West Devon Borough Council
Lord Peter Smith, leader Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council
Jane Scott, leader Wiltshire Council
Phillip Davies, leader Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council
Roger Lawrence, leader Wolverhampton City Council
Adrian Hardman, leader Worcestershire County Council
Richard Scott, leader Wycombe District Council
Martin Hill OBE, leader Lincolnshire County Council
Neil Clarke, leader Rushcliffe Borough Council
Jeremy Birch, leader of Hastings Borough Council
Chalk it up to experience
Barbara Ellen misunderstands the opposition to Michael Gove’s “Troops to Teachers” wheeze, attributing it to anti-military prejudice (“I salute the idea of soldiers in the classroom”. A common characteristic of all the world’s most successful education systems is that their teachers are educated and professionally trained to the highest standard. Finland, for example, which has by far the most successful education system in Europe, admits only the brightest and best to teacher training, rejecting 90% of applicants
Michael Gove, by contrast, regards school teaching as something that can be learned “on the job”, even by people who may lack education, a view apparently supported by Ellen, since “not everyone has the opportunity to get a degree or even make it to sixth form”. Such attitudes derive from the Victorian “pupil-teacher” system and, along with the rest of Gove’s reactionary ideas, can only result in our education system going backwards.
Michael Pyke
Shenstone, Staffs
Liberals must be braver
Will Hutton’s despair at the illiberal trends in the Western world can certainly be alleviated, but it depends on liberals ending their endemic lack of confidence in their beliefs (“I despair as I watch the erosion of the liberal views I hold dear”, Comment). It is too easy to blame the electoral weakness of political liberals over the past 90 years when that weakness itself is largely a consequence of the reticence of holders of the faith.
The one thing that has characterised my 50 years as a “working” liberal at myriad levels, and which has always baffled me, is the shyness of so many political colleagues when faced with clear opportunities, even when, as with the Iraq invasion, the erosion of civil liberties and the consequences of the obsession with the nation state, liberalism is manifestly relevant. It will not be easy, but to make Will Hutton and those of like mind happier, simply requires liberals to be brave and to promote their values and their policies.
Michael Meadowcroft
Leeds
Cockadoodle do’s and don’ts
I have kept hens in the garden for the last 18 years and wrote one of the first beginners’ guides in 2003: Hens in the Garden, Eggs in the Kitchen (“Eggs come first as chickens take over our gardens”, News).
Yes, keeping hens is now hugely popular but the industry is being fuelled by the burgeoning fox population; all over the country, every night foxes are getting into people’s gardens and feasting on a chicken dinner. People are not adequately protecting their hens but this is actually good news for the breeders as those who lose their chickens return for more. Also, people don’t realise that for their hens to thrive they need as much space as possible. Four square feet really isn’t enough. Hens enjoy being on grass and they will quickly destroy a small area of grass, turning their space into bare earth or mud and will create craters where they have their dust baths.
Charlotte Popescu
Upavon, Wilts

Many readers will have been shocked at your revelation that Unesco is so concerned at the threat to our heritage from ill-considered developments that it is considering adding three further UK world heritage sites to the “endangered” list, including the Houses of Parliament (“Westminster’s world heritage status at risk as Unesco condemns plan for skyscrapers”, News).
Sadly, those of us working in the heritage sector know this to be the tip of the iceberg. English Heritage has had its government grant reduced by nearly 40%, while Cadw and Historic Scotland have also suffered significant reductions. Local government cuts have seen the loss of more than a third of the conservation officer posts working in planning departments.
Not only have conservation services been weakened in this way, but those that remain do not have the ear of chief officers and, dispiritingly, face the continual threat of redundancy. Where now is the confident and independent conservation voice that will advise planning committees against the kind of poor development and short-termism revealed in your article?
It appears that government has decided that we can no longer afford to protect our heritage; a heritage that is the cornerstone of our tourism industry, a major player in efforts to regenerate our towns and cities, the cherished setting for our daily lives and recognised as among the most important in the world.
Jo Evans
Chair, the Institute of Historic Building Conservation
Tisbury, Wilts
Regarding Unesco’s determination to preserve chunks of the planet in aspic, or perhaps even amber, London’s joy and the reason it kicks Paris and Rome into touch is its vibrancy and variety and that it challenges convention and history, as well as preserving what truly matters of its past. If Big Ben can’t be seen from all directions from miles away, so what? And speaking as someone who occasionally worked in the crumbling shame of Elizabeth House as is, it’s less of a buffer zone, more of a health risk. Developing it in no way detracts from the value of the Palace of Westminster and its environs’ cultural significance or impact, and I rather doubt will dilute its attraction as a tourist destination.
Mike Noakes
Winchester
Hampshire
To your excellent leading article, “Unesco’s verdict shames our planners”, I would like to mention the Southbank Centre. It might not be a Unesco heritage site, but this ever-popular and functional cultural hub was designed in a harmonious and durable style by architects with vision and an understanding of the best of the brutalist style, a style that has always been misunderstood and abused.
Now, without a mandate, developers and ignorant guardians of our patrimony are at it again. It is impossible to see or appreciate the architecture through all the vulgar neon frontages, hodgepodge of various pop-ups, add-ons and stands, chain restaurants and shops. And yet the Southbank Centre management is actually raising money to continue this attack , with no clear architectural vision.
Why must ignorant planners and councillors destroy what they cannot understand – in this case 1950s and 1960s architecture?
Joyce Glasser
London NW3
I would draw your attention in particular to the situation at Hampton Court where, at the railway station, it would appear that the various council authorities are being suborned – no other word for it – by developers intent on driving through massive change at the expense of local amenities, the railway hub and the palace itself. In one respect, this shows the government totally adrift of a sense of the history that they are also intent on promoting. The slighting of Hampton Court goes against the very grain of Gove’s endeavours, let alone the full panoply of planning and local endeavours to maintain due decorum of the environment at so sensitive a location.
SW Massil
London N8

Independent:

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It is naive of D J Taylor to conclude that independent schools’ superiority in sporting contests rests in “desirable abstracts” such as “team spirit, motivation, collective will”, and that state schools could level the field by a “mass implantation of esprit de corps” (“Why private schools do better”, 9 June).
To quote privately educated Molesworth, “as any fule kno …” young people of social and financial advantage whose experience of life is to mix with others of such advantage are powerfully convinced of their own superiority. Moreover, when these young people find employment in fields dominated by the kind of people they went to school with, they perpetuate this dominance by favouring the appointment of new colleagues from that school.
No amount of esprit de corps will enable other social groups to oust them on the playing fields they dominate, for example, the judiciary, the Government or the civil service. In areas where the privately educated cannot use social advantage to rise to the top, they tend not to do so.
We should educate our children together in community schools supported by the kind of income that independent schools enjoy, funded by a focused tax regime.
Pauline Wilcock
Halesworth, Suffolk

Jenny Gilbert wondered how the live stream of Swan Lake from St Petersburg was received in Redditch or Rhyl (The Critics, 9 June). Well, I don’t know about them, but in Leigh, near Manchester, it was fabulous. I especially loved the extra bits that you wouldn’t normally get to see. I’m now booking for Shakespeare live from the Globe and opera live from New York, all at my local cinema for £16. I guess the purists will say it’s a poor replacement for being there, but for those who would have a long trip to a good theatre or without the financial wherewithal to fly to New York or St Petersburg, it’s a joy.
Jean Williams
Warrington, Cheshire

Ed Miliband’s pledge to limit welfare spending may be part of Labour’s pre-election campaign (“Longest election campaign starts now”, 9 June), but it’s an unwise strategy to say he will stick to Tory plans in order to win the floating voter. For Tony Blair did this before 1997, only to see turnout fall from 72 per cent to 59 per cent four years later, as people became unhappy with a party that wasted its massive parliamentary majority. Miliband should have stressed job creation, saying that benefit spending is high because 2.5 million are out of work.
Tim Mickleburgh
Grimsby, Lincolnshire

To answer Adam Abbot, excess wind energy can be stored (Letters, 9 June). The energy can be used in hydroelectric schemes to pump water back uphill; it can be stored as compressed air; it could be used to make synthetic fuels, and it is not beyond the bounds of possibility to use it to charge batteries. Such ideas may be in their infancy, but the more they are applied, the better we’ll be at putting them into practice.
Terence hollingworth
Blagnac, France

I disagree with Katy Guest (“Nepotism? I blame the children”, 9 June). If a parent offers help into paid work in a time of austerity, it would be a strong-minded young adult that turned their back on such a first step.
But what really gets my goat is the failure to question whether James Caan is “morally respectable” in seeing a daughter into a “job with Caan enterprises”, while telling the rest of us “not to give their kids a leg up the career ladder”. The arrogance of doing as I say, not as I do!
James Derounian
Principal lecturer in local governance
University of Gloucestershire

The new Black Sabbath album, 13, is not “the first Sabbath album without estranged drummer Bill Ward” (Simon Price, The Critics, 9 June). In fact, the Sabs have recorded eight studio albums without Ward, the first of which was 1981′s Mob Rules, which featured Vinny Appice on drums.
Martyn P Jackson
Cramlington, Northumberland
Corrections and clarifications
Last week we described Baron Williams of Baglan as the UN special co-ordinator for Lebanon. That post, which Lord Williams held from 2008-11, is now held by Sir Derek Plumbly, We apologise to both men

Times:

Minister has forgotten the value of caring
IT IS too simple for politicians and journalists to view work through the prism of gender equality and stark GDP figures (“Motherland”, News Review, last week). Does it not occur to Maria Miller, the equalities minister, that not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted?
Unfortunately the time and energy that a mother invests in her young family, that an active pensioner devotes to the community and that the middle-aged spend caring for elderly parents are of enormous value, but their contributions to society are overlooked because they are invisible to the exchequer.
If all these people were to be replaced by state-subsidised carers, more money would change hands, so GDP figures would be boosted, but it would not necessarily make society wealthier and happier.
Anna Lines, London SE19

False economy
One cause of mental health issues is the absence of a mother in childhood. It is much better for mothers to cut the cloth accordingly money-wise and prioritise nurturing children during their formative years. Putting babies and toddlers into childcare will breed angry adults. And society will bear the brunt of it.
Kim Crosby, London SW1

Father figures
Come on, India Knight, get real. While I agree that it is no one’s business but her own whether Kate Winslet has three children with three fathers, that is because she has the money to provide for them (“Welcome to the ordinary happy family: 2.4 children, 2.4 fathers”, Comment, last week).
It may come as a surprise to India that the squeezed middle also “love being pregnant, love having children and have enormous quantities of love to give”, but we don’t have Winslet’s resources and, unlike the “baby-mama-ish end of the spectrum”, don’t rely on the state to be another father. As a result, the richest and the poorest have the largest families; the rest of us settle for the children we can afford, whether we have one partner or several.
Anna Lane, Dorking, Surrey

Commitment problems
Knight may call me sour but what is “unseemly” about three children with three fathers is: how loving can a person be who cannot commit to a relationship for longer than a few years? If that is the norm of an ordinary and supposedly happy family life, then some of us “sour” folk do despair.
A recent report on family breakdown says there are a million children without a father. If this is what comes of those “romantic” women who “live their lives as they see fit”, it is not a happy result.
Those of us who take a more traditional view of love, marriage and family life are not all misogynistic and Victorian.
Deborah Silver, Maidenhead, Berkshire

Unfair advantage
Knight does not mind some of her taxes being spent on supporting these lovely families, but I for one — and, I suspect, others like me — do. It is unfair of such women to take for granted that they can have as many babies, by as many fathers, as they like and that taxpayers will pick up the bill. Far from being a sour child hater, I am a father of four with a growing number of grandchildren.
Ian Glasspool, Bognor Regis, West Sussex

China’s solution
Chinese environmental pollution is frowned on by western commentators.
China is well aware of this problem, which cannot be solved with an ever-rising population, and for this reason the one-child policy universally condemned in the West was introduced. It is often equated with eugenics, as Knight implies. China is the only country to attempt to combat population pressure — something that has the potential to destroy us all.
Kent Brooks, Kendal, Cumbria
 
Down’s syndrome screening may rob many of a full and happy life
WE WERE moved by Dominic Lawson’s article “Down’s screening seems simple economics — but it’s eugenics too”, Comment, last week). My husband’s Down’s sister Julie, who passed away recently aged 50 brought much love and joy into many lives. She did most things “normal” people do, including travelling the world and encountering love.
There were difficulties, especially as her parents grew older, and the attitudes of others — even people in the family — were often hurtful, but she never viewed herself as “suffering”.
If screening for Down’s is advocated on the grounds of savings, will treatment be supported for very premature babies because of a high risk of disability? The medical establishment seeks to reduce the cost of disability by withdrawing the right to life, yet it rightly prolongs life and in doing so greatly increases the incidence of associated disability.
Alison and Peter Martin, Fownhope, Hereford

Playing God
Our son is 28 this week, and when he was born with Down’s we had the kind of reaction described — a mixture of sympathy and horror from people who really ought to have known better.
He pursues his interests in photography, songwriting and music. He frequently announces, “I love my life.” What gives the medical profession the right to assume that it has a fail-safe measure of what makes a life of value or otherwise?
Jennifer Davies, Wrexham

Put to the test
Thank you for raising the moral and ethical issues surrounding the newly developed screening test. At a time when individuals with Down’s syndrome are achieving more than ever before, the diagnosis of the condition itself should not be viewed as an automatic reason for termination.
Rachael Ross, Portsmouth
 
Wildflower cull verges on ridiculous
IT WOULD be marvellous if people with a high media profile could be persuaded to give voice to a plea for clemency for the wildflowers as well as the bugs, bees and butterflies that rely on them (“The verge vigilantes stopping the annual roadside beheadings”, Comment, last week). I feel strongly about this and have tried with little success to start a campaign — the Campaign to Protect Rural England refused to do anything.
When I lived in Nottinghamshire the local farmer cut the verges every week from May to September. I now live in Fife, where the verges are cut much more sensibly, although they still cut them where the road is arrow-straight — a case of men-with-machines syndrome.
Fife is also sowing strips of wildflowers on some verges that last year looked wonderful. Until local councils see the need for sensible verge-cutting the slaughter will continue.
Lou Lidderdale, Cupar, Fife

Petal power
I totally agree with Charles Clover. After a cold winter and late spring, this year the wildflowers in the verges are a sight to behold. Yes, let councils cut away verges that may impede the sight of drivers and cyclists, but please leave alone all other verges and let wildlife enjoy the abundance of food and let wildflowers prosper.
Mick Rawdin, Nottingham

Mown down
I live in a special conservation village within Birmingham where we have a few large round grass islands. Last month they were covered in a riot of gold, yellow and cream — a real host of daffodils. Two weeks ago the council mowers took the lot, still in full bloom. I protested, but was threatened and had foul abuse hurled at me.
Brian Coote, Birmingham
 
Pouring cold water on frozen brains
YOUR account of the goings-on at Oxford University’s Future of Humanity Institute (“Freeze a jolly good fellow”, News, last week) reads like an April Fools’ Day joke. It is almost unbelievable that the the entire senior academic staff will pay what must amount to a fortune to have themselves preserved, after brain death, in liquid nitrogen, to be resurrected when the necessary technology has been developed centuries later.
I spent several years as a member of the board of governors of the Society for Cryobiology, a learned society devoted to studies of bio-preservation, but not bringing dead mammals back to life. The governors spent a good deal of time fighting the “body freezers” and in the end saw fit to bar them from membership.
My 60 years of studies on water and its remarkable properties have convinced me that low temperature is indeed a means of preserving life — probably in a dormant state — but that freezing, which is the removal of liquid water, is a drying process that invariably kills. In other words, low temperature and freezing have nothing to do with each other. It is even more bizarre to read about reducing the expense by having just the head preserved because that is where all wisdom resides. Let resurrection remain where it belongs: in the divinity school.
Dr Felix Franks, London N3

Popsicle idol
Cryo-preservation seems considerably less attractive with the prospect of regaining consciousness next to a defrosted Simon Cowell.
Cliff Redman, Worthing, West Sussex
Points
Moving on
The projections of the numbers of Romanians likely to come to this country consider only those who will migrate from their homeland (“UK is first choice of young Romanians”, News, last week). The Italian National Institute of Statistics reports that in 2010 there were 968,576 Romanians living in Italy. Because of the economic crisis in Italy the number has been declining as they move to other EU nations. Guess what their country of choice will be from January 2014.
Alessandro Severi, London W8

Slow learner
Erratic examination marking and grading appear not to be the only problems (“Exam boards failing duty to pupils”, Letters, and “Heads fear fresh exams fiasco”, News, June 2). I am still awaiting approval of our OCR GCSE history syllabus, apparently subject to major late changes yet expected to be taught this September.
Chris Brant, Via email

Trial and error
As a former Defra field manager involved in the randomised badger culling trials, I feel well qualified to say that the current method of culling badgers — by night- time shooting — will never be accepted by the general public (“Badger lovers threaten MP’s home”, News, last week). Until the use of polymerase chain reaction technology is used to pinpoint badger TB infection, facilitating the removal of only infected badgers, the public and many farmers will never buy into a badger-culling scheme. Target sick badgers, use a tried, tested and effective method of culling and you have a sure-fire vote winner.
Paul Caruana, Truro, Cornwall

Picture spread
Indignation has been expressed after the report that in 1930 the then Prince of Wales borrowed pictures from the National Gallery for St James’s Palace (“Biteback”, Culture, last week). However, Ramsay MacDonald had done the same for No 10, and Winston Churchill continued to keep some important works from the Turner bequest there. Much of the bequest was still kept at the National Gallery, which still had jurisdiction over the Tate. It was pointed out in the course of the debates on the National Gallery and Tate Gallery bill in 1954 that there had been no statutory authority for such loans. Since then, of course, the Tate has been given carte blanche by parliament to lend, so that the bequest is even more scattered and endangered.
Dr Selby Whittingham, The Independent Turner Society, London SW5

Rotten borough
Your correspondent George Krawiec is far too sanguine in his belief that there is far less skulduggery in local councils than in parliament (“Councils are better run”, Letters, last week). He need only come to my part of the world to find how deals are made between councillors and those wishing to profit from such arrangements, with little or no consultation with residents. Within miles of my home, parish councils and the local district council have faced challenges from their council-tax payers, who have been treated appallingly.
Like fish, government rots from the head.
Richard English, Via email
 
Corrections and clarifications
On December 23 last year we published an article (“Wonga may quit UK to cut tax”, News) in which we referred to the possibility of the company moving abroad. When approached before publication, the company said that it had no comment to make on the structure of its business. However, following publication, it said it was not planning to move domicile from the UK, for tax reasons or otherwise. We are happy to accept this assurance from Wonga.
In the Travel section special 50 Best Beaches the phone number for Oddicombe beach, Torquay, was incorrect. It should have been 01803 327 083. We apologise for the error.
Complaints about inaccuracies in all sections of The Sunday Times, including online, should be addressed to editor@sunday-times.co.uk or The Editor, The Sunday Times, 3 Thomas More Square, London E98 1ST. In addition, the Press Complaints Commission (complaints@pcc.org.uk or 020 7831 0022) examines formal complaints about the editorial content of UK newspapers and magazines (and their websites)
 
Birthdays
Giacomo Agostini, motorcycle racer, 71; Dame Eileen Atkins, actress, 79; James Bolam, actor, 78; Shami Chakrabarti, director of human rights group Liberty, 44; Tom Graveney, England cricketer, 86; Lyndsey Marshal, actress, 35; Phil Mickelson, golfer, 43; Ian Mosley,drummer with Marillion, 60; Joyce Carol Oates, author, 75
 
Anniversaries
1487 Henry VII wins the Battle of Stoke Field, ending the Wars of the Roses; 1890 birth of Stan Laurel, comic actor; 1961 Soviet ballet dancer Rudolf Nureyev defects to the West at Le Bourget airport, Paris; 1963 the USSR’s Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman in space; 1976 the Soweto uprising in South Africa begins, with the eventual loss of up to 700 lives

Telegraph:
SIR – I saw a floral lawn (report, June 12) at the Chelsea Flower Show, and its fussy appearance did not impress, unless as a wildlife-friendly alternative to the decking favoured by those who dislike gardening.
My garden is buzzing with bees and other insects. Blackbirds in particular find lawns a good source of worms. We neither fertilise nor water our grass, so cannot be accused of wasting resources on it. After a few years of cool, wet summers, it has never looked better. The assumption that climate change equals drought looks increasingly inaccurate.
Karin Proudfoot
Longfield, Kent
SIR – Not allowing wildflowers to flourish in lawns is symptomatic of the “tidiness” which has overtaken the countryside, public spaces and gardens.
Little wonder that the recent State of Nature report by 25 voluntary conservation bodies documents a decline in the abundance and variety of British wildlife. Closely mown lawns are a sterile habitat for all but a very few species.
Related Articles
The law must be changed if surgeons are using it to prevent disclosure of their results
15 Jun 2013
We need a change of perspective, where the bowling-green lawn is confined to smaller areas and tall grasses and wildflowers are appreciated as a valuable resource rather than a symptom of neglect.
A small flower-rich patch of grassland in every English village could achieve a great deal for wildlife and be a wonderful spectacle for all of us.
Alan Bowley
Holme, Cambridgeshire

SIR – We agree wholeheartedly with your leading article (“Honesty in the NHS”, June 13). Indeed this week the University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust (UHSM) became the first trust to publish the clinical results and patients’ experience of its cardiac surgeons and cardiologists, as a first step towards disclosure for all consultants in the trust.
Two years ago the Society for Cardiothoracic Surgery, in a landmark publication, emphasised the link between medical professionalism and accountability (to patients and the public) demonstrated through publication. Such professionalism, involving clinical judgment, is fundamental to good, accountable patient care.
If data-protection legislation can be used by some doctors to obstruct full disclosure, it is the law that needs changing.
Sir Donald Irvine
Chairman, Picker Institute Europe
President, GMC, 1995-2002
Felicity Goodey
Chairman, UHSMFT
Related Articles
Buttercups and daisies versus striped lawns
15 Jun 2013
SIR – Surgeons who refuse to allow publication of data relating to professional performance may be entitled to do so by the Data Protection Act.
However, surgeons place their names and list specialisms on NHS Foundation Trust and hospital websites and on private hospital websites. There can be no credible reason why their names should not appear on NHS league tables with a classification such as, for example, “No data provided”.
J R Ball
Hale, Cheshire
SIR – On June 30 mortality outcome data for surgeons performing major surgery for bowel cancer in England will be published for more than 400 colorectal surgeons by the Association of Coloproctology.
For some years, using NHS cancer data primarily designed to monitor waiting times, we have produced national and even unit cancer-outcomes, but have struggled to extract accurate outcome data for individual surgeons. This is because there are widely acknowledged problems in how routine NHS administrative data collection reflects actual patient outcomes.
These shortcomings were highlighted by a recent analysis of nationally submitted data. Using such data to determine individual clinician-related outcomes can be like predicting the weather in your garden next August from a long-range forecast.
Surgeons – as professionals and NHS patients – are unequivocally committed to transparency of outcome at any level that helps a patient make a treatment decision.
But our initial experience of this rushed exercise has exposed the known problems with NHS administrative data. We believe it resulted in grossly inaccurate mortality figures for some individual clinicians.
Publication of erroneous data does not help anyone, especially patients facing treatment for bowel cancer. It is for this reason that a number of skilled surgeons will withhold publication of their outcome data – not to hide poor results.
This association, working with NHS England, is determined to improve NHS colorectal cancer data accuracy, as transparency without accuracy can harm patient care, more than advance it.
Graham Williams FRCS
President, Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
Nigel Scott FRCS
Clinical Lead, National Bowel Cancer Audit
Paul Finan FRCS
Chairman Colorectal Group, National Cancer Intelligence Network
SIR – Quality of outcome after surgery depends as much on the team as the surgeon. Poor nursing or management contribute to adverse events, as shown at Mid Staffs.
I will sign up to publication of my data, but I have had the privilege of working in a large London teaching hospital for 25 years. I can well understand colleagues elsewhere being reluctant to do so.
David Nunn FRCS
Guy’s Hospital, London SE1
Business-rate burden
SIR – We welcome the debate on the urgent need to address the unfair burden of tax that falls on bricks-and-mortar retailers versus their internet-only counterparts. Your leading article (Business, June 14) somewhat misrepresents my position, which is in fact very close to your own.
A sales tax may be the right solution for the United States, but I do not think it could work in Britain, where all retailers already collect a uniform rate of VAT. Instead, we must look to business rates, which are the way “local” tax is largely collected in Britain. This gives a massive advantage to internet-only players and puts high-street shops at a clear disadvantage.
There is of course a need to address the tax shortfall at a local level, and that is for the Government to consider. I certainly don’t believe there is a need to increase the overall tax burden, just to rebalance it and level the playing field.
Justin King
CEO, Sainsbury’s
London EC1
Diagnosing diabetes
SIR – Dr James Le Fanu (Health, June 11) mentions our report that the use of the HbA1c test more than doubles the rate of diagnosis of type-2 diabetes.
However, it is wrong to suggest that the patients who are diagnosed by this new test do not have real diabetes. They all have diabetes as defined by internationally agreed criteria. Doctors across the world are now diagnosing diabetes in this way.
Diabetes UK has referred to the million people in Britain who have diabetes but do not know it. Our report suggests that this new test is finding the missing million.
GPs treat millions with symptomless high blood-pressure, and the stroke rate is falling. In our practice three quarters of those with type-2 diabetes are diagnosed before they complain of a symptom.
Dr Philip Evans
Sir Denis Pereira Gray
Dr Christine Wright
Dr Peter Langley
Exeter, Devon
Archers’ appearance
SIR – My imagined Lilian and Matt are very different from those of Amanda Allen (Letters, June 14). Matt is balding and thick-set, Lilian petite and bottle blonde.
This is why radio is a joy – imagination provides the set and costumes. That’s why I much prefer radio drama to television.
Mary Wright
Amersham, Buckinghamshire
Exposing tax havens
SIR – Ahead of the G8 summit on Monday, we, members of the House of Lords from across the political spectrum, have written to the Prime Minister to support his work against the scourge of tax dodging.
It is devastating for poor countries. Every year, they lose more than £100 billion to tax dodging by multinationals alone – more than they receive in aid. This hinders development by depriving governments of revenues needed to combat hunger and poverty. To stop this loss of money and undermining of the rule of law, any G8 tax agreement must achieve two things.
First, Britain must require overseas territories and Crown dependencies that act as tax havens to join the existing global treaty on financial information sharing. The treaty is vital in helping signatory countries get the information needed to collect the taxes they are owed.
Secondly, Britain must press G8 countries to initiate a new international standard for publicly registering who really owns companies and trusts. This would make it far harder for tax evaders, money launderers and corrupt politicians to abuse opaque corporate structures.
In line with the Prime Minister’s stated focus on open societies and economies, this register must be made publicly available, open to scrutiny from journalists and civil society as well as law enforcers.
A G8 agreement with these hallmarks will be warmly welcomed by politicians of all hues and will benefit billions of people living in poverty around the world.
Most Rev Lord Williams of Oystermouth
Rt Rev Alastair Redfern, Bishop of Derby
Lord Brooke of Sutton Mandeville
Lord Chidgey
Lord Grantchester
Lord Hastings of Scarisbrick
Lord Judd
Baroness Kinnock of Holyhead
Baroness Kramer
Lord Maclennan of Rogart
Lord Oakeshott of Seagrove Bay
Lord Rana
Earl of Selborne
Baroness Williams of Crosby
Unfattening water
SIR – Plastic bottles used in Britain for mineral and spring water do not contain bisphenol A, the chemical mentioned in your report “Bottled water may raise obesity risk” (June 13). They are made of polyethylene terephthalate, the best plastic available for this purpose, meeting all EU and British safety requirements.
Kinvara Carey
The Natural Hydration Council
London W2
Western intervention in the Syria civil war
SIR – Should the United States not be stepping up the diplomatic offensive, and be seeking a solemn assurance from President Assad that he will in future use only bullets and high-explosive to slaughter his people, rather than the less-desirable Sarin gas?
John Snowden
Rockhampton, Gloucestershire
SIR – Yet again America plans to intervene in a far-flung struggle by supplying arms to one side in a civil war. We must now fear that David Cameron will emulate Tony Blair and join Barack Obama in supporting one side in a war which is not our business – at a time when our Armed Forces are being ruthlessly depleted.
How can we prevent Western leaders from interfering – which will inevitably lead to more bloodshed all round and solve nothing?
Rebecca Goldsmith
London SW11

Irish Times:

Irish Independent:
As I live through my final few weeks in Ireland before flying to Australia to enjoy a ‘better’ life with my young family, I cannot help but constantly wonder . . . what if ?
Also in this section
Standing up to the church
Time to slam the brakes on our errant cyclists
High time Swift was allowed to Bloom
What if . . . the country’s banking bosses had not been so greedy?
What if . . . we had not all jumped on the bandwagon and taken out those last few loans?
What if . . . taxes were going down rather than up?
What if . . . large overseas companies were still setting up shop in Ireland and employing plenty of staff?
What if . . . we all talked about the long hot summer we are having instead of farmers panicking to save crops and ensure their livestock do not die in the fields next year from a lack of grass or fodder?
What if . . . I never heard of another local suicide but the happiness of families flourishing and doing well.
What if . . . we did not all play the blame game but looked to ourselves to solve our own problems?
What if . . . the youth of Ireland felt empowered, enlightened and passionate about their futures?
What if . . . what was best for Ireland was also best for me?
What if . . . I did not have a knot in my stomach and a tear in my eye as I write this?
What if . . . I did not feel compelled to leave my native soil and rear my children in a land Down Under, where there is an abundance of natural resources, sunshine and employment?
What if . . . it wasn’t so, what if I could live here with my husband and two daughters and enjoy work and prosperity for us all, visit our friends and families on birthdays and special occasions, and be proud of being Irish while simply living in Ireland?
Olivia Tully
Mount Prospect, Co Cavan
A CONSTANT DROP?
* Is the recent comment about the Taoiseach urinating on the Seanad a case of ‘a constant drop will wear a stone’?
Tom Gilsenan
Beaumont, Dublin 9
GREAT DAY FOR COUNTRY
* I have never regarded myself as a fan of Enda Kenny but I am bound to say that he has acted admirably in the church-State conflicts regarding the child sex-abuse scandals and with the legislation to enforce the X case judgment by the Supreme Court.
When you compare the Taoiseach’s statements on these issues with the embarrassing grovelling of one of his predecessors, John A Costello, it clearly shows how far this country has come in the past 60 years.
Any day now we will be just like a normal western European democracy, with tolerance for all beliefs and an understanding that the law cannot reflect just one philosophical school of thought.
Bravo Enda Kenny – June 12, 2013, was a great day for Ireland.
Liam Cooke
Coolock, Dublin 13
* Either you believe in antidisestablishmentarianism – a political philosophy opposed to the separation of church and state – or you believe in the Enda Kenny idea of disestablishmentarianism – the separation of church and State.
Whatever you believe in . . . you’re right.
Kevin Devitte
Westport, Co Mayo
HSE IN NEED OF CRUTCHES
* Years ago almost every house in the land had a picture of the Sacred Heart, John F Kennedy and Pope John XXIII displayed on the wall.
Today, most houses have a crutch or two under the stairs or in the garden shed. This is because the HSE will not take them back.
No doubt health and safety and hygiene will be mentioned but, considering the dire state of our national finances, our health system cannot afford such luxuries.
Most of this equipment, which is in perfectly good order, is expensive to replace. Think how much money could be saved if these very useful items were collected and recycled.
Over to you James Reilly and, if your department does not agree with me, at least let us have access to some depots where we can leave the equipment and perhaps they could then be shipped to another deserving country.
Aidan Hampson
Artane, Dublin 5
INTO THE WEST
* I followed closely the visit to Kilrush recently of President Michael D Higgins, who was there along with a host of foreign dignitaries to commemorate the terrible times here during the Famine.
Kilrush was chosen for this special commemoration as it was an area greatly impacted by an Gorta Mor. Lording over the thousands of deaths of those times was the landlord, John Ormsby Vandeleur, widely regarded as one of the worst of that time.
He was succeeded by Hector Vandeleur who was no better.
Was it not a national disgrace then that Mr Higgins and his cavalcade entered Kilrush directly by Vandeleur Street, named in honour of John Ormsby Vandeleur, proceeded down Henry Street, named after his son, on to Frances Street, called after his wife, and finally on to the solemn remembrances of our famine victims.
Indeed, if arriving from the east, north or south it would not have mattered which route Mr Higgins took as he would have had to travel via a street still eponymously honouring a Vandeleur.
Perhaps the planners should have had Mr Higgins arrive by sea – thus passing the remnants of the old workhouse and poorhouse where so many perished – and thus landing at Paupers’ Quay where so many famine survivors departed to their exile and, in many cases, death on coffin ships?
Conor Coffey
Formerly of Kilrush, Co Clare
ETERNAL FLAME’S ARRIVAL
* Next week the eternal flame from JFK’s tomb will make its first expedition anywhere in the world. It will be shared with the people of Ireland as it visits Wexford.
The stature of this champion of the people grows with each generation. His great unfulfilled project – returning the power to produce money to the sovereign nation never saw the light of day. He knew if the international bankers were not bypassed their business plan would result in servitude for one and all eventually.
How ironic that exactly 50 years later their business plan is just starting to bear real fruit.
Also, next week, the G8 leaders meet in Co Fermanagh. Casting no aspersions on the individual leaders – but their policies violate everything JFK stood for.
They will do everything to maintain the illusion that we are all beholden to private bankers and also to prop up immoral entities such as the IMF, World Bank and so on.
So while the light returns to one part of Ireland, the dark fumbles on in another.
The sun still shines, the rains fall, the soils yield harvest but yet the lack of means of exchange – pieces of paper – are causing misery and penury. JFK understood this and knew the limitless potential of mankind once freed from these unnecessary and idiotic shackles.
Barry Fitzgerald
Lissarda, Co Cork
REFERENDUM BEATS ALL
* The best, most accurate poll of all: a referendum.
Killian Foley-Walsh

Joan still in hospital

June 15, 2013

15 June 2013 Joan not at home

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, oh dear oh dear.
Lieutenant Murry has been sent off on a course to test out a new Navy uniform, Leslie has been promoted and undergoes a complete personality change, turning into Captain Bligh, Priceless.
Another quiet day Joan’s feet she is still in hospital she will be home very soon, I expect I go and tidy up her room.
We watch The Pallaisers Bye bye Mr Finn MP Hello again Mr Finn, Some hussy appears with diamonds they are stolen! Twice!
Mary wins at scrabble but I gets under 400 perhaps I can have my revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Oliver Bernard
Oliver Bernard, who has died aged 87, was, variously, a Communist book-packer, an RAF pilot, a gasworks fireman, a tramlines repairer, a kitchen porter, a male prostitute, a rider of freight cars in Canada, a prize-winning advertising copywriter, a drama teacher, a CND campaigner, a prisoner, a patient on the analyst’s couch and a convert to Roman Catholicism.

Image 1 of 2
Oliver Bernard, c1952 Photo: JOHN DEAKIN
6:03PM BST 14 Jun 2013
He was, though, better known as a poet, a published translator of Apollinaire and Rimbaud, and as the eldest brother of Jeffrey Bernard, the dissolute late Spectator columnist who inspired the Keith Waterhouse play Jeffrey Bernard is Unwell.
Like Jeffrey and the middle brother, the photographer Bruce Bernard, Oliver Bernard became a habitué of post-war Soho, with which he had fallen in love as a teenager while doing errands for his mother. “In the course of one of these errands,” he recalled in his memoirs Getting Over It (1992), “I must have looked about me. People stood on the pavement and talked outside the Bar Italia and outside Parmigiana’s on the corner of Frith Street and Old Compton Street. There were still yellow horse-drawn Carlo and Gatti ice-carts, traces of straw, nosebags and horse-dung”. During the war the population was swelled by Free French and Canadians, Poles and Australians, while clubs appeared on “unlikely” first floors.
Oliver Bernard soon came to regard the area as “home … a village where I was known”, and a refuge from his dysfunctional family. Tony’s, the Greek Cypriot café in Charlotte Street, the Colony Room, “run by the unforgettable and unspeakable Muriel Belcher”, and Soho pubs like the York Minster (aka “The French”) became his “university” .
Ricard was his favourite tipple and, like his brothers, he got to know everyone — the painters Francis Bacon, Lucian Freud, John Minton and the Roberts (Colquhoun and MacBryde), exotics like Quentin Crisp and writers and poets such as Julian MacLaren-Ross, Dan Farson and Dylan Thomas, whose wife Caitlin once slapped Bernard’s face, though he recalled that “I had the last word, and a nasty one it was”.
John Heath-Stubbs described post-war Soho as “not so much geography as anthropology”, and it was the lesser-known hominids that Bernard evoked affectionately in a passage which displayed his playful mastery of words: “deaf Ronny, who talked by means of slips of paper; Mac the Busker, with his generosity and his rasping voice; Jimmy Telfer with his poor-Scots humour and slight desperation; Lily Heidsieck and Michael Piper, a wonderful pair of anguished lovers whom Peter Brook once called ‘Bed and Breakfast’… ; and bitterly funny Alan Stokes, who saw sometimes distorted, sometimes cruelly clearly through his spectacles with one cracked lens”.
It was Oliver and Bruce who first introduced the 14-year old Jeffrey to the area, taking him to a meal at Bianchi’s, then on to Ruh’s Cafe. But unlike Jeffrey, who never really left Soho, Oliver remained in touch, but found other things to do in life.
Oliver Owen Bernard was born in London on December 6 1925, the second of four children and the oldest of three sons of Oliver Bernard, designer of the 1930s Lyon Corner Houses and the entrance to the Strand Palace Hotel, and his wife Dora Hodges, better known as the actress and singer Fedora Roselli.
The marriage was not happy and the prevailing atmosphere at home was fraught: “squabbles at mealtimes, my mother’s overriding voice, my sister’s wail” . Only outings to the Ninth Church of Christ Scientist in Marsham Street (his mother was a Christian Scientist), where “richly dressed American ladies with bosoms would bend to kiss us”, kindled any spark of youthful solidarity.
The family moved frequently from house to house, and from London to the country and back. It was during a stint in Oxshott, Surrey, that Oliver “put into words the thought that it would be better if both my parents were dead”. His father would oblige in 1939, but his beautiful, difficult mother remained a destructive force in her children’s lives until 1950.
Oliver described her as someone who alternated “between intense affection and a kind of fury”, at her worst “capable of exploding into nightmare”. He hated the way she would ask him “in a theatrical way, so that I knew she wasn’t being herself, ‘Do you love me, darling?’ (Do you LOHVE meh?)”. At school he was “always afraid she was going to say something very loud and clear which would have exposed her and me to ridicule”. He admired but did not trust her. Sometimes he hated her more than he could “conveniently express”.
The destabilising effects of such animosity were accentuated by Oliver’s own moves from school to school. By the time he left Westminster School in 1940, after confessing to stealing a 10 shilling note (“I was never quite sure whether I’d been expelled or asked to leave”), he had attended six different establishments. He then briefly attended a tutorial college in London, though he was “pretty sure” that he had never sat School Certificate.
By this time he had begun frequenting Soho and, in the summer of 1940, aged 14, was seduced by an “attractive, French-speaking widow”, in whose home he had taken refuge during an air raid. Aged 15 he worked as a kitchen porter at Chez Filliez in Frith Street, and at around the same time had a “brief and unsuccessful career” as a rent boy (“eight or ten men and boys may have been involved”).
But the Germans’ arrival at Leningrad convinced Oliver Bernard that he had to do something for the war effort. In 1942 he joined the Air Training Corps and soon afterwards volunteered for aircrew training in the RAFVR. The same week he joined the Communist Party and, while waiting to be called up for training, worked as a packer at Central Books, a party enterprise off Red Lion Square .
He went on to train as a pilot in Canada where, in between flying courses, he “rode the rods” in boxcars, and worked as a trimmer in the dark hold of a coal boat at St John’s, New Brunswick. He never saw active service and by the end of the war had begun to feel “a bit ashamed” of his communism.
After the war, Bernard spent some time in Paris and in Corsica teaching conversational English, and in the early 1950s took a teaching course at Goldsmith’s College in London, paying some of his way by working, variously, as a tramlines repairer; as a fireman at gasworks in East Greenwich and Kensal Green, for the GPO at Paddington, as an “extra electrician” at the Fortune Theatre and as an accounts clerk at a shirtmakers in Rathbone Place. Later he worked as a copywriter for a Mayfair advertising agency, where he won a prize for an advert for a self-tapping screw.
It was in Canada that Bernard first had the idea of becoming a writer and in 1946 he sent a short story to Men Only: “It came back with a kind and encouraging letter: ‘The great thing is to stick at writing and in 12 months you’ll laugh at this early effort’.” In the 1950s he became friends with Joyce Grenfell, who gave him cherries, strawberries and tea in her King’s Road kitchen. She showed some of his verses to Walter de la Mare, who said they were “real poems” and invited them both to tea .
Oliver Bernard’s first book of poems, Country Matters, was published by Puttnam in 1961. He went on to publish several more books of poetry and translations of Rimbaud, Apollinaire and other French writers. His luminous bilingual edition of Rimbaud’s Collected Poems, published in 1962 by Penguin, became a classic and an enlarged edition of his complete poems was published by Anvil last year. Bernard’s collected poetry was published as Verse &c in 2001.
Blessed with a clear, melancholic voice, Bernard regularly gave performances of Rimbaud’s A Season in Hell and in 1982 won the Gold Medal of the Poetry Society for verse reading. Later he recorded Walt Whitman and some of his own poetry.
In his memoirs Bernard admitted that he had fantasised “fairly continuously” about women ever since the age of 13 and confessed to devoting much of early adulthood to “a more or less uninterrupted series of sexual and emotional adventures with women, including adultery, fornication, unsuccessful love affairs, betrayals of friends and multiple infidelities” .
An early marriage ended after two years, and in 1959 he married his second wife, Jackie, an actress and model with whom he moved to Norfolk. They had a son and two daughters, but Oliver Bernard found that not even a spell of psychoanalysis at the Tavistock Clinic could turn him into a “normal person”. He and his wife eventually parted “because she was — quite reasonably — anxious about what I at first might be, and eventually was, up to with other women”. They remained friends, however. In the 1980s Bernard had another son by another relationship.
Bernard became a teacher of English and Drama at schools around East Anglia, a job from which he was once suspended for several months after being caught in possession of cannabis. In the 1980s he became actively involved in CND and in 1984 spent three weeks as a “peace prisoner” in Norwich jail , after being found guilty of causing criminal damage to the perimeter fences of airbases around East Anglia.
In 1985 he converted to Roman Catholicism, attracted by its claim to be a “church for sinners”, and in later life lived in a tiny cottage in Kenninghall, Norfolk, where an open fire provided the only heating and where he rustled up meals in a lean-to kitchen. He was as attentive and dexterous in peeling a potato or lighting his pipe, which he smoked steadily, as he was in typing a letter on a manual typewriter. After the last bitter winter he had double glazing fitted.
Bernard remained remarkably fit, despite injuring his legs a few years ago in a motor accident, and enjoyed his daily walk to the Carmelite convent at Quidenham for morning Mass.
His children survive him.
Oliver Bernard, born December 6 1925, died June 1 2013

Guardian:

As academics at the University of Oxford, we would like to express our deep concern about the events taking place in Turkey. In response to the protests in Istanbul, as well as in other towns and cities in the country, rights and freedoms are being severely curtailed. In addition to what seems to be the deployment of excessive police force, we are witnessing a large number of arbitrary arrests, undue pressure being brought to bear on the Turkish media and, in a more general sense, serious infringements on the rights of assembly and free speech. While we recognise that the Justice and Development Party is the elected government and possesses a strong popular mandate, we also believe that, as a democratic government, it should seek to guarantee the civil liberties of all Turkey’s citizens.
We are particularly concerned with the uncompromising stance of Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, which will inevitably further inflame a volatile situation. Several leading academics and intellectuals in Turkey have already signalled their fears at the response to these protests and expressed their solidarity with those on the streets, many of whom are university students. We join our colleagues in Turkey in calling on the government to respect basic freedoms and to resolve the impasse through dialogue and consensual politics rather than force and violence. We believe only a peaceful resolution of the standoff can pave the way for the strengthening of Turkey’s democracy.
Dr Reem Abou-El-Fadl Department of Politics and International Relations
Dr Evrim Altıntaş Department of Sociology
Dr Christian Arnold Department of Politics and International Relations
Dr Miryam Asfar Faculty of Oriental Studies
Professor Andrew Barry School of Geography and the Environment
Dr Mette Louise Berg Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Professor Paul Betts Faculty of Modern History
Professor Francesco Billari Head of Department of Sociology
Professor Julia Bray Faculty of Oriental Studies
Professor Richard Caplan Department of Politics and International Relations
Dr Emine Çakır Faculty of Oriental Studies
Dr Igor Calzada School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography
Dr Gregory JH Deacon African Studies Centre
Dr Neli Demireva Department of Sociology
Dr Faisal Devji Faculty of Modern History
Dr Evelyn Ersanilli School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography
Dr Kimberly Fisher Centre For Time Use Research
Professor Sudhir Hazareesingh Department of Politics and International Relations
Dr Peter Healey School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography
Dr Clare Heyward School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography
Dr Francisco Herreros European Studies Centre
Dr Renee Hirschon St Peter’s College
Dr Hande Inanç Department of Sociology
Professor Jeremy Johns Director of the Khalili Research Centre for the Art and Material Culture of the Middle East
Dr Man-Yee Kan Department of Sociology
Dr Celia Kerslake St Antony’s College
Professor Theo van Lint Faculty of Oriental Studies
Professor Margaret Macmillan Faculty of Modern History
Dr Adam Mestyan Faculty of Oriental Studies
Dr Laurent Mignon Faculty of Oriental Studies
Professor Kalypso Nicolaidis Department of Politics and International Relations
Androulla Kaminara European Studies Centre
Dr Kerem Öktem European Studies Centre
Professor Leigh A Payne Director of Latin American Centre
Dr Lauge Poulsen Department of Politics and International Relations
Dr Jerome Ravetz School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography
Professor Steve Rayner School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography
Professor Simon Saunders Faculty of Philosophy
Dr Nicolai Sinai Faculty of Oriental Studies
Dr Ebru Soytemel School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography
Dr Vaclav Stetka European Studies Centre
Professor Oriel Sullivan Department of Sociology
Professor Catherine de Vries Department of Politics and International Relations
Dr Robert De Vries Department of Sociology
Dr Bryan Ward-Perkins Director of Ertegun House
Professor Laurence Whitehead Department of Politics and International Relations

The chief executive of the Association of Train Operating Companies says Atoc had no time to comment on our report on rail privatisation (Letters, 13 June). The TUC arranged to meet with an Atoc representative before the embargo on our report was lifted. Atoc had three days in which to read and form a view of our report prior to the meeting. The meeting lasted for more than an hour and included a TUC officer. Atoc’s head of strategic policy then challenged our argument about the connection between GDP growth and passenger numbers and disputed some of our policy conclusions, including the abolition of train operating companies. But their policy head did not dispute the accuracy of our evidence nor did he allege selective use of evidence. Atoc’s chief executive now raises this issue without providing any specifics.
Karel Williams and Sukhdev Johal
Centre for Research on Socio Cultural Change, University of Manchester

The warning of care minister Norman Lamb that the next great scandal could come in domestic-care sector is well founded (Tagged, harassed, underpaid, 13 June). The sector is dominated by low-paid and sometimes untrained staff on zero-hour contracts doing a vital caring job. Regulation in the area is virtually non-existent. What is required to improve the situation is not more ministerial hand-wringing while handing out more care and health service contracts to the private sector. There has to be a recognition that profit and care do not mix. Until our society recognises that every public service cannot be predicated according to how much money can be made out it by the private sector, then there will be little progress made. Care staff do a vital job of work, so should be rewarded accordingly. The companies should be made to put their staff on proper salaried contracts with decent pay and conditions, not zero-hour contracts paying the minimum wage, while the company grabs ever bigger profits. Then we might see care improve in the home.
Paul Donovan
London
• Columnists like Polly Toynbee and Zoe Williams have been doing a fine job anticipating the impact of cuts to the welfare state, but one crucial change has passed even these sentinels by. Recent guidance from the Department of Work and Pensions means that disabled people will no longer be able to claim for the cost of maintaining or repairing adaptations installed in their homes. These adaptations could be stair-lifts, hoists to lift people out of bed or baths, warden-call systems or other equipment essential to independent living for many disabled people. Such equipment has to be kept in safe working order and, until now, service charges for this purpose were recouped through housing benefit. Incoming universal credit regulations render such charges ineligible.
Habinteg manages more than 3,300 homes, of which 1,427 stand to be affected by this rule. Service charges range from 0.55p to £31.33 a week. Higher costs reflect more complex individual needs. These charges will compound the impact of other benefit cuts such as bedroom tax that disabled tenants may already be facing. Housing providers are also put in an impossible position: we would have to foot an annual bill approaching £250,000. If tenants are unable to pay to keep equipment safe, arrears will result. Disabled people may be forced to try to live without the equipment, meaning at best greater risk of falls or injury, and at worst a forced move from their home – very possibly at greater expense to their local authority. What price independent living indeed?
Paul Gamble
Chief executive, Habinteg

In defence of Michael Wilshaw (Schools failing to nurture the brightest, 13 June), I would like to quote the following statistics. In 2012, at Mossbourne, where Sir Michael was headmaster until December 2011, 89% of all pupils achieved five subjects at A*-C (including maths and English) at GCSE. I live in a very affluent area where many of the parents are graduates and we have three excellent comprehensive schools. For these three schools the comparative figures are: 55%, 77% and 74%. Perhaps Sir Michael has a point.
Ann Kinsler
Winchester, Hampshire
• Suzanne Moore asserts that (G2, 13 June) “… we all know the standards that need raising are basic literacy and numeracy at primary level. This is the appalling failure of our educational system.” I would like her to expand upon this please. What is her evidence for this statement so that we could possibly have a reasoned debate?
Sue Bailey
Retired primary headteacher, Fareham, Hampshire
• Gove’s new exams (Report, 12 June) are sexist. I’m sure any women who have struggled through finals with menstrual cramps, a blinding headache, bloated, bloody and out-of-sorts will agree that female candidates are going suffer from this latest idiocy most.
Olivia Byard
Witney, Oxfordshire
• Pushed out of his job for whatever reason, Stephen Hester receives £5.6m (Report, 13 June). This may seem like not a huge amount of money if said quickly. But it would take the average worker 448 years to earn that. Which would mean starting work in 1565, the same year Mary Queen of Scots married Henry Stuart. Maybe this information should be added to all future bonus payment stories?
Malcolm Severn
Belper, Derbyshire
• I would have thought Wendi Deng’s skill in dealing with the Murdoch pie thrower would have put an end to the “periodic rumours of martial (sic) difficulties” you refer to (From serenade to separation: Murdoch splits from wife, 14 June)
David Griffiths
Claygate, Surrey

If it has been accepted since Gleneagles that Africans should determine their own future (Promise of aid, 13 June), then why has the EU has been trying to impose on them for more than 10 years a trade deal which is not in their interest? Instead of responding to the concerns raised, two months ago Europe said: take the deal or lose your preferential access to the EU. For African countries, the message seems to be: supply us with your raw materials, give us access to your vast natural resources, allow us to cater to your consumers – we’ll even throw in a bit of aid to ensure that our subsided goods cross the region’s borders more quickly.
This is all too familiar. Trade is the elephant in the room. Make Poverty History failed to persuade the G8 to deliver anything meaningful on trade, and the 2013 G8 leadership is ignoring the role of trade for development. Having moved far beyond discussions of imports and exports, bilateral trade deals are now determining who gets what piece of the global value chain. Change will come from African leaders who will ensure that regional trade, contributing to domestic development, comes before any trade deal with G8 countries.
Paul Spray
Director, policy and programmes,
Traidcraft, Gateshead
• G8 leaders must find a solution to the Syria crisis when they meet in Northern Ireland next week (Report, 14 June). Instead of fanning the flames of the conflict by sending more weapons to Syria and risking an arms race, leaders should be prioritising the pursuit of a political solution and making the proposed Geneva peace conference a reality. A staggering 5,000 people a month are dying. More than 8 million people are in need of humanitarian aid, many out of reach of help because of the fighting. Sending more arms to either side will only increase the bloodshed.
When Presidents Obama and Putin meet at the G8 they will have an opportunity to make the Geneva conference a reality and have a genuine impact on the lives of ordinary Syrians.
Mark Goldring
Chief executive, Oxfam
• Colombia is a country rich in natural resources but we are aware of the increasing need the world has for energy and raw materials. The recent mining boom here has brought with it a web of payments (Report, 12 June) to government and local authorities that are difficult to trace and often bring no benefits to the local communities.
My country has already suffered from more than 50 years of conflict. The secrecy surrounding mining deals creates more uncertainty, especially in the most vulnerable communities whose lands and homes are often under threat and who continue to live in poverty despite the enormous wealth of resources around them.
The EU’s new transparency legislation, requiring extractive companies to publish details of payments they make to national governments is a great victory, not just for our communities but for civil society partners such as Cafod which fought to deliver it. Transparency can now become a tool in fighting for justice, reducing conflict and offering a more stable environment for business.
We now need the G8 leaders to go further and make progress towards a global standard on transparency in the extractives sector. Only effective legislation of this industry can start our journey of hope to flourish as a people and a nation.
Hector Fabio
Director, Caritas Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
• Congratulations to the UK for taking the lead in urging the G8 to tackle the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (Report, 12 June). We urge the G8 to recognise the need to phase out the regular prophylactic use of antibiotics in healthy animals and to minimise the use of those antibiotics classified by the World Health Organisation as “critically important” for human medicine. Instead, disease should be prevented by good hygiene, husbandry and housing. Good health should be promoted by avoiding overcrowding and excessive herd and flock sizes.
Peter Stevenson
Alliance to Save Our Antibiotics

Independent:
The US government now “assesses” with “high confidence” that the Assad government has used chemical weapons in Syria, and Obama has therefore decided that he will provide “military support” to the rebels.
This basically means that America is abandoning, and therefore wrecking, any attempt to end the Syrian catastrophe by peaceful means, and is going to wage proxy war on the Syrian government, something which America has done in many countries in the past. Will this make things better for the people of Syria? Have all peaceful means to end this catastrophe been exhausted?
The US gave its backing to Islamist rebels in Afghanistan and the outcome has been 25 years of suffering for the people of that country, and also people in America, the UK and elsewhere.
Regarding peaceful methods to end the Syria bloodbath, America has not acted in good faith. It has never tried to use its phenomenal soft power in this matter. Obama does not need the G8 summit to give him an opportunity to talk to Putin. If Obama wanted to he could in a very short time be sitting down with Putin, Assad, the leader of Iran and others in an attempt to end this disaster peacefully. If the rebels cannot send representatives to negotiations they should be warned that their inability to form a coherent unit makes it difficult for the West to give them any support. 
The US should be doing all in its power to cut off the flow of weapons to Islamist extremists.
The British government, given its own power and the high level of influence it has with America, has grave responsibilities in this matter. Our government must do everything in its power to persuade America not to abandon diplomacy. If Mr Cameron and his backers start pumping more weaponry into Syria, or support others in doing so, before peaceful means to end this tragedy have been exhausted, they will have blood on their hands.
Brendan O’Brien
London N21
Disturbing news that both the British and American intelligence organisations are agreed that the Syrian government has been using chemical weapons against those opposing it.
These are the two organizations who at the insistence of their respective leaders agreed with them that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction, which of course turned out to be without foundation.
Brian Button
Gillingham, Dorset
 
Educated  for a life  of no work
After less than two months my small timber business has added to the growing pile of NEETs.  Our initially enthusiastic, qualificationless, young, male, 17-year-old employee, with the possibility of a modern trade apprenticeship to look forward to, could not be bothered by his own admission to get out of bed to come to work. He missed his mates, fellow NEETs.
Clearly abandoned by the educational system long before his earliest leaving date, our NEET expressed his absolute preference for this deeply rooted workless sub-culture.
We have tried for many years to recruit at this level, always with the same outcome. When are we going to realise that in our efforts to create greater educational access, the many that fall out of the bottom far outweigh the successes of such a system?
I do not recall my school friends in the 1970s who opted out of formal education at the earliest opportunity to pursue, long, well-structured apprenticeship schemes complaining of their lack of opportunity. Education  that prepares our young people for meaningful employment, irrespective of attainment, is the only outcome that really matters.
Meanwhile, we’ll probably try again.
Gary Howse
Reddish, Greater Manchester
 
Immigrant scrounger myth
Immigration is a very inflammatory area, and is one where myths are easily peddled for populist political ends, since most people are ignorant of the real situation. But I don’t expect The Independent to help spread such myths as the migrant welfare scrounger, which Mary Dejevsky inadvertently does (“Of course immigrants have the right to family reunion, but don’t expect others to pay for it”, 12 June).
For the best part of 30 years until my retirement in 2008 I represented immigrants, many seeking to bring loved ones to Britain for family reunion. And for as long as I can remember, Home Office officials were refusing visas on the ground that the sponsoring family member had not proved that they could support their family members “without recourse to public funds”. On appeal, we had to submit detailed budgets which were scrutinised very carefully by immigration judges.
The scrutiny did not end there. Spouses were admitted for a probationary period (which has since risen to five years), and if at any time there was recourse to public funds, including welfare benefits and emergency housing, that was a ground for refusal of further stay, and removal. Sponsors who had signed sponsorship undertakings could be prosecuted if they failed to perform them. And since 1999, those “subject to immigration control”, including spouses and other relatives on “probationary” leave, have been ineligible for welfare benefits and all social housing.
The Coalition’s introduction of a minimum income requirement on top of the “no recourse” test was a crude way of cutting numbers, and had nothing to do with saving public money.
As for state schools and health care, migrants pay tax, National Insurance and council tax like everybody else, so why shouldn’t they get these public goods, which ensure that settlers are healthy and educated?
Frances Webber
Retired barrister
Charlbury, Oxfordshire
 
Smug and stupid in the middle lane
Highways are shared social spaces the purpose of which is to ensure the safe and efficient  flow of vehicles. Lane hoggers impede both, potentially endangering life.
Fast-lane hoggers are an established species, inevitably men with their right elbow on the windowsill of their 4×4. They are particularly dangerous as they create mounting frustration in the drivers behind and there is no resolution but to undertake.
Middle-lane hogging is a mindset of the smug, the inept and the stupid. The smug have revealed themselves in your recent correspondence as self-appointed road police; they have no right to prevent others from law-breaking by exceeding the speed limit. The smug are themselves breaking the highway code.
The inept: if you cannot safely and often change lanes you shouldn’t be on a multi-lane highway.
The stupid are incomprehensible drivers who automatically site themselves in a middle lane regardless of traffic conditions. As a frequent driver on the southern 50 miles of the M1, I regularly come across vehicles in the middle lane with nothing in sight in the “slow” lane, or, often, in front of or behind the offending drivers.
If the proposed fines re-educate drivers to the responsibilities of sharing the highway they will be doing a vital job.
Jackie Hawkins
Bedford
I don’t see how we can possibly enforce the rules on middle-lane driving until Debrett’s has defined how one should notify a driver in front to move over. Are flashing lights too vulgar?
Ashley Herbert
Huddersfield
 
What about the bank customer?
Your eulogy of Stephen Hester (14 June ) gives no recognition of the fact that banks have a clearing bank function to provide a service for customers. Since the arrival of Mr Hester, I have had my banking functions at NatWest cut to nothing. I have no manager, no branch and if I wish to inquire about anything on my statements I am expected to email someone in Birmingham.
It would be helpful if The Independent could review services of clearing banks so that I may flee as quickly as possible from all the excellent things done by Mr Hester and his staff, on behalf of – I am not quite sure. Like so many customers my loyalty goes back 25 years.
Arnold Rosen
London SW1
 
Happy cycling in the Netherlands
Your otherwise excellent article comparing cycle provision in Holland and the UK (13 June) omitted the most telling difference.
Consider a cycle lane which tracks close to a major road, and both meeting a side-road. In Holland the cyclists have priority over cars coming out of the side road to join the major road. In the UK cyclists have to give way each time; little wonder they prefer to take their chances by mixing with the traffic on the main road.
John W Bailey
Preston
 
Royal hat mystery
Watching the Duchess of Cambridge’s face launch a single cruise liner on Thursday, I wondered – by no means for the first time – why she always wears frisbees on her head like the ones I throw for my collie, Millie. Is she perhaps related to that Bond character Odd Job, he of the deadly bowler hat, and is she ready at a moment’s notice to whisk off her circular millinery and decapitate some vulgar tabloid hack?
Peter Dunn
Bridport,  Dorset
 
Joke column
It is absurd to sack Deborah Ross to replace her with an untested Pippa Middleton. You have an outstanding replacement already on your staff: Fiona Sturges. Her review this week of the Rihanna stadium concert was funnier than anything I’ve read by Ms Middleton. I concede that she lacks the Jewish wryness of Howard Jacobson, but surely he could provide some coaching?
Jon Summers
Tiverton, Devon
 
Telegram tyranny
The passing of the telegraph service in Delhi (report, 14 June) is not to be lamented. Telegrams were the nervous system of colonial empire, allowing troops to be quickly moved to crush rebellion and vast territories to be ruled. Telegrams are not a romantic holdover from a bygone era, but a tool of exploitation.
Ian McKenzie
Lincoln
 
Time check
As David Hewitt (letter, 14 June) implies, the world has changed a fair bit since 1955. For one thing, in 1955 he wouldn’t have gone down a list saying “check”; he’d have said “tick”.
Mark Redhead
Oxford

Times:

‘Party manifestos spoke of the right of free access to our national heritage but it is an empty right if the museum concerned has closed’
Sir, We are former directors of the national museums currently under threat of possible closure because of budget problems within their parent organisation — the Science Museum Group. We believe there are powerful reasons why the National Media Museum (Bradford), National Railway Museum (York and Shildon) and the Museum of Science and Industry (Manchester) must stay open.
First, all are success stories. They hold collections of genuine international significance, have expertise which is respected worldwide, and are immensely popular — with more than two million visitors a year.
Second, they are vital to their host cities, providing cultural, educational and economic benefit across their regions. All three are crucial components of their local and regional economies, attracting tourists and prestige, and supporting jobs.
Third, and most importantly, they are examples of an important political principle — that the benefits of tax revenue gathered nationally should be spread nationally. Everyone from Islington to Inverness and from Camden to Camborne pays taxes and it is morally and politically right that the benefits of that tax revenue should be spread as far as is possible around the country. The BBC has demonstrated this by the excellent move of a large part of its operation from London to Salford, spreading more of its economic impact outside the M25. Surely, at least some of our national museums should operate on the same principle?
Although the Department of Culture Media and Sport (DCMS) describes this issue as merely an operational matter for the Science Museum Trustees, the Government cannot shirk its responsibility. Party manifestos spoke of the right of free access to our national heritage but it is an empty right if the museum concerned has closed. To insist on further deep budget cuts and to maintain a policy of free entry, even though free entry might be a good idea in principle, feels like an untenable position.
Moreover, the Secretary of State has responsibility for tourism. What organisation charged with enhancing our national income from tourists can regard the closure of one of the North of England’s premier visitor attractions as a sensible way out of recession?
We urge the trustees of the Science Museum Group and DCMS to consider the track record and value of these museums to the North of England and to ensure that a solution is found to enable them all to stay open.
Colin Ford, Director, National Media Museum, 1983-93; Dr J. Patrick Greene, Director, Museum of Science and Industry Manchester, 1983-2002; Colin Philpott, Director, National Media Museum, 2004-12; Andrew Scott, Director, National Railway Museum, 1994-2010

The Conversative Party is betraying the trust of the British people by selling the legal system to the lowest bidder
Sir, The congratulations from Kerim Fuad, QC, to Chris Grayling for uniting 150,000 lawyers against the Government’s Legal Aid proposals (letter, June 11) is, alas, only a small part of the opposition that the Conservatives in government are building up. I have been in Conservative politics for 55 years, 23 of them as an MP. We Conservatives are now proposing to betray the trust that the British people have always placed in us to uphold the rule of law by selling the system to the lowest bidder.
The proposals will prevent people on low incomes from getting access to justice in our courts to defend themselves or to challenge government decisions; will slash already inadequate fees, ensuring that few leaving university will want to work in criminal or publicly funded courts that cannot guarantee them a living. So our courts will clog up with litigants in person, and advocacy standards are certain to fall.
If our Conservative leaders want to know why nearly a quarter of voters are leaving the party for UKIP, and by splitting the Conservative vote will lose us many seats and the next election, do they have far to look?
Sir Ivan Lawrence, QC
Temple EC4

There might be rooom for complaint if a quizmaster presented questions such as were used to illustrate our piece today
Sir, It certainly would be a very bad pub quiz (report, June 14) if the answer to the question on the great composer Handel’s birthplace was indeed, as you suggested, Iceland.
Anthony Fry
London W11

It is difficult to ‘fight the misconception’ that gardeners deserve to make a decent living when institutions such as the National Trust preserve it
Sir, As a young person and trainee gardener, I agree to an extent with Stephen Anderton (letter, June 8). Indeed it is an important job and although I entered horticulture because I love it, I have also seen fellow trainees struggle with the challenging role of professional gardener and eventually find jobs elsewhere. However, I find it hard to see how we can “fight the misconception” when major institutions such as the National Trust and Buckingham Palace appear to base their payment structure on the idea that becoming a gardener is a lifestyle choice.
They have a moral obligation to set an example, and if the RHS wants to invest £1 million to safeguard our gardening heritage, surely it should reconsider paying fully trained staff more generously. Perhaps also professionals in positions of public influence have louder voices than mine to make this point to a wider audience?
Amanda Dennis
London SE15

The security services are seeking a blanket power for live monitoring of our communications without evidence that a crime has been committed
Sir, Former Home Secretaries and others (letter, June 13) underestimate the public’s ability to grasp the detail of the Communications Data Bill. There are three key legal issues over powers to expand the use of communications data.
First is whether the communications data that service providers are required to store has had the content completely removed. Second is whether the communications data can be accessed without a warrant. Third is the threshold that would have to be met before the warrant is granted.
The threshold for access to communications data is key and the letter suggests this is set at a “proportionate” level for “serious criminal conduct”. But that is a threshold and open to interpretation. The letter implies these powers are benign because the content of communications would remain subject to judicial oversight. But a detailed record of our communications could be more intrusive than listening to conversations or reading emails.
The default powers being sought are warrant-less access to real-time data. This means that the security services are seeking a blanket power for live monitoring of our communications and for data mining our communications without evidence that a crime has been committed. If the security services seek a warrant for communications data, on the premise that an individual might be a terrorist, then that is fair enough.
But any more permissive, warrant-less powers should rightly be resisted. Once granted, they would never be redacted.
Tristram C. Llewellyn Jones
Ramsey, Isle of Man

Telegraph:

SIR – Christine Keeler should not reproach herself unduly for having “betrayed her country” (report, June 10) 50 years ago.
Unwittingly she probably served the country’s interests when she left an envelope at the Soviet Embassy addressed to Captain Ivanov, who enjoyed her favours at the same time as John Profumo.
The notorious osteopath, Stephen Ward, who committed suicide in 1963 after being convicted of having profited from her immoral earnings, was used by the Foreign Office to transmit secret messages to the Soviet Embassy via Ivanov with the aim of calming East-West tensions.
It is likely that her envelope contained information provided by the Foreign Office.
Lord Lexden
London SWI

SIR – One reason why able comprehensive school students are not pushed as much as they should be is the result of the perverse effects of the previous government’s policy specifying the A* to C grade range as the yardstick against which the performance of schools should be measured.
Teachers have been incentivised to concentrate their efforts on students who would normally obtain a D grade in the hope that they could obtain a C and thus enhance the school’s statistical performance, rather than trying to ensure that an A-grade student obtained an A*.
The Government must take a share of the responsibility for limited ambition as well as teachers.
Alexander Johnston
Syston, Leicestershire
SIR – To link primary school exit grades and supposedly low performance by pupils at GCSE (report, June 13) is a nonsense.
Related Articles
Christine Keeler wasn’t the spy that she thought
14 Jun 2013
Level 5 is the mid-point of the secondary curriculum (which covers levels 3-7) and if primary teachers were able to teach their own curriculum with depth rather than sample the tested aspects, the achievement of Level 5 would be creditable.
However, primary teachers are mandated to achieve Level 5 through scores on a Year 6 test – not on a pupil’s continuously assessed progress over the primary stage.
As this test is based on identifiable testable items it is prepared for meticulously, rigorously and, sadly, to the detriment of the breadth of experience to which pupils were expected to be exposed during their primary years. Level 5 performance is being used by Michael Gove and Sir Michael Wilshaw as the stick to beat schools with, but it is a chimera.
Professor Bill Boyle
University of Manchester
SIR – Our three sons attended our local state comprehensive school with the older two progressing to read medicine and dentistry at top Russell Group universities.
Our youngest and most intellectually gifted son requested advice on a good career and was guided towards plumbing. He is now reading genetics at a Russell Group university. I am relieved that Ofsted has found it “shocking” that “a large number of teachers had not even identified who their most able pupils were”. I am hopeful that this will lead to ways of identifying the brightest pupils and supporting them into the best universities.
Mary Jeremiah
Swansea, Glamorgan
SIR – Throughout the extensive discussions regarding levels of expectation and attainment in comprehensive schools, I have yet to hear a single reference to the “elephants in the room”, namely excessive class sizes and abysmal classroom discipline. So long as these matters are ignored, the debate is facile and members of the teaching profession will remain in an impossible situation.
Martin Ray
Swanbourne, Buckinghamshire
The Ashcroft touch
SIR – Peter Oborne accuses me of waging a “menacing” public campaign against David Cameron (Comment, June 13). May I respectfully point out that this is nonsense?
He cites a number of tweets in which I make comments or link to articles of which he disapproves. These are occasionally mischievous, but hardly “menacing”. The idea that Ukip might win next year’s European elections, for example, is widely accepted; agreeing with it is hardly treachery. If I sometimes highlight things that make unhappy reading in Downing Street – well, I’m not a Tory press officer.
As Mr Oborne says, Twitter is not the ideal medium for complex arguments – which is why I write at greater length elsewhere, especially on Conservative Home and my own site, LordAshcroftPolls.com. Though I certainly say where I think things are going wrong, nobody reading my wider observations on politics and polling could conclude that I was pursuing an anti-Cameron crusade.
Since stepping down as deputy chairman of the Conservative Party in 2010 I have used my more independent position to conduct large-scale political research, recognised as objective and professional. This does not always flatter the party, but far from “denouncing” the Prime Minister, I have often pointed out that it shows Cameron to be the Tories’ biggest asset.
Overall, my commentary amounts to a prolonged reminder that the winning party will be the one that pays attention to the voters and their priorities. I hope it will be the Conservative Party – but I think I am more use to them as a truth-teller than a cheerleader.
Lord Ashcroft
London SW1
SIR – In the past, much polling has been conducted by parties and kept private. That Lord Ashcroft has published his research findings openly is a public good.
An important example has been ethnic minority attitudes, an under-researched area because conducting large-enough surveys for meaningful comparisons is expensive. Simon Hughes of the Lib Dems told a recent, cross-party Runnymede Trust seminar that all parties were now considerably better informed on this topic, thanks to Lord Ashcroft’s study.
Sunder Katwala
Director, British Future
London WC2
Romanian night out
SIR – A trip to Bulgaria can cost less than a night in London (report, June 11). I have recently made three trips to Bucharest in Romania to see performances at their wonderful opera house – La Traviata, Don Giovanni and La Bohème.
The most expensive tickets cost 55 RON (£10), compared with £169 at Covent Garden, and the standards are comparable. Throw in a flight, a hotel and great dining, all at less than half the price in Britain, and you wonder that the Romanians are not worried about a flood of Brits taking advantage of their publicly funded culture scene. Thank goodness they are not insisting on a one-year residency criterion.
Patrick Maddams
London EC4
Archers impostors
SIR – I am so angry that you published a picture of Matt and Lilian from The Archers with Gillian Reynolds’s article (Television & Radio, June 12). I am an Archers addict, and they are clear in my mind. Tiger is definitely not tall and skinny, and Pussycat is tall and very stylish. The people in the photograph must be impostors.
Amanda Allen
Cley next the Sea, Norfolk
Blood while you wait
SIR – We value, above all, the generosity of blood donors and are sorry when our service falls below the desired standard.
We are constantly looking at ways of improving the donation process – we agree long delays are simply not acceptable. Unfortunately, if the session is much busier than expected, it can lead to an unusually long waiting time and our staff will try to do everything they can to prevent this from happening. The challenge we face is striking a balance between the number of appointments we make available for booking and actual attendance on the day.
We appreciate we don’t always get it right and we are currently in the process of making changes to the appointments and walk-in slots we offer, to make things easier for donors regardless of whether they prefer to make an appointment in advance or walk in and donate.
Every day 7,000 donations of blood are needed for life-saving operations and treatments for patients across England and north Wales. We are incredibly grateful for Simon Rutter’s dedication to donating blood (Letters, June 12) and ultimately saving the lives of others.
Clive Ronaldson
Director of Blood Supply
NHS Blood and Transplant
Watford, Hertfordshire
SIR – At my last donating session, despite having booked an appointment, a process that should have taken around half an hour took in excess of two hours.
The “apologies” I received admitted no fault, claimed the system runs as well as it can, and implied that my expectations were too high. With 40 years’ experience, I know this to be nonsense. I have an appointment in August; if there is still no recognition that donors’ patience is as finite as their blood supply, it will be my last.
Penelope Lenon
Oxford
SIR – To those who give blood three or four times a year, a half-hour wait is a small price to pay for the chance to save a life.
Colin Frith
Hythe, Kent
Scone’s stone’s gone
SIR – Following the splendid service to mark the 60th anniversary of the Queen’s Coronation, I wondered why the Stone of Scone was not placed in the Coronation Chair – as on the Coronation day itself. It would have been as beautiful a gesture as St Edward’s crown on the high altar.
John Hatswell
Canterbury, Kent
The best bits of Britten for the proficient whistler
SIR – I have been a proficient whistler all my life (Letters, June 13) and recommend to others the beautiful melodies in Britten’s Serenade for Tenor, Horn and Strings, his songs from Friday Afternoons, as well as his masterly French and English folk song arrangements.
Elizabeth Hogg
London SW13
SIR – Last week, sitting on the sea wall at Aldeburgh, on a bright blue, sun-filled but utterly freezing day, eating fish and chips (is there a better place in the whole world?) we watched incredulously as set designers built a “realistic” backdrop for Peter Grimes next to the real set that is Aldeburgh Beach. It was the oddest thing.
My advice would be that, if you are going to watch this, then, along with the picnic hamper and cushion, you should take the thickest blanket you possess and a vacuum flask.
Heather M Tanner
Earl Soham, Suffolk
SIR – Personally I place Britten and Brahms in the same category as Oscar Hammerstein’s King of Siam: “He may not always say, what you would have him say, then all at once he’ll say Something Wonderful.”
Christine Le Poidevin
St Martin, Guernsey

Irish Times:

Sir, – If The Taoiseach and the Government believe that it is right that “no medical practitioner will be obliged to carry out a termination if they have a conscientious objection to the procedure”, as proposed in the Protection of Life during Pregnancy Bill then why should our elected representatives not enjoy the same right and freedom in this instance when they have a conscientious objection to voting for the proposals contained in the said Bill? – Yours, etc,
Rev DONAL MORRIS,
St Josephs,
Boyle, Co Roscommon.
Sir, – Fr Kevin Doran states “They [Catholic Voluntary Hospitals as a group] will uphold their ethos and will never facilitate or tolerate the deliberate termination of human life, at any stage” (June 14th). This seems to me a clear restatement of no termination while there is a heartbeat, and a narrowing of the “this is a Catholic country” to this is a medical institution with an ethos that amounts to the same thing.
He also states, “Nobody, of course, is talking about refusing medical treatment. Catholic hospitals must, however, refuse abortion, which is not medical treatment.” I would ask him to clearly state for staff of hospitals with a Catholic ethos if the termination recently refused in Galway, which caused this legislation to be brought forward, was: a) medical treatment permissible within the ethos, or b) abortion which would be refused within the ethos. Anything other than a clear A or B demonstrates exactly why this legislation is needed. – Yours, etc,
DAVID DOYLE,
Birchfield Park,
Goatstown, Dublin 14.
Sir, – I read the letter from concerned experts (Ruth Fletcher et al, June 13th) regarding their worry at the inability of women to terminate their “unviable unborns” in Ireland. Having worked with one such “unviable” aged 21, I’d be loath to decide on the supposed viability of either the born or the unborn. Bearing in mind the jurisdiction in which a significant number of these concerned experts operate, I would venture to suggest they might also direct their attention to the innumerable “viables” terminated therein on a daily basis. – Yours, etc,
AILEEN HOOPER,
Norseman Place,
Stoneybatter, Dublin 7.
Sir, – I have never regarded myself as a fan of Enda Kenny, but I am bound to say that he has acted admirably in the church-state conflicts on the child sex abuse scandals and now on the legislation to enforce the X case judgment by the Supreme Court.
When you compare his statements on these issues with the embarrassing grovelling of one of his predecessors, John A Costello, it clearly shows how far this country has come in the past 50 to 60 years. Any day now we’ll be just like a normal western European democracy with tolerance for all beliefs and understanding that the law cannot reflect just one philosophical school of thought.
Bravo Enda Kenny – June 12th, 2013 was a great day for Ireland. – Yours, etc,

Sir, – So Fintan O’Toole is human (Opinion, June 11th). When he is pricked, doth he not bleed; when cyclists annoy him in the course of his daily constitutional, doth he not rant? How different from his usual opinion pieces with their views from the cosy ivory tower. Blessed are those whose wisdom, serenity, common sense and good humour survive the daily struggles of a practical life in a messy world. – Yours, etc,
MURT Ó SÉAGHDHA,
Mount Avenue,
Dundalk,
Co Louth.
Sir, – Like Dr John Doherty (June 14th), I too often sit overlooking a busy traffic junction, this one in Dublin, by Busáras, where the Luas tracks cross Amiens Street.
Virtually every red light at rush hour witnesses at least one motorist sitting in the yellow box or on the pedestrian crossing, and frequently the Luas driver is driven to toot their horn. At this, the offending driver usually reverses onto the pedestrian crossing, while people scatter from his path.
Perhaps this proves that every mode of transport has its share of idiots, and I wonder if your paper could downplay the motorist-versus-cyclist attitude and instead promote a message to share the roads? Though I realise that won’t sell as many copies as Fintan O’Toole’s populist rant. – Yours, etc,
BRIAN McARDLE,
St Alphonsus Road Upper,
Drumcondra,
Dublin 9.
Sir, – May I propose that you buy Fintan O’Toole a bike – there’s great tax relief – or else sign him up to the Dublin Cycling Scheme.
Give him a few months to learn how to cycle, send him off, with a helmet, of course, and then ask him to write another Opinion piece on the same subject.
I can’t wait! – Yours, etc,
MICHAEL A CARROLL,
Cherrygarth,
Mount Merrion,
Co Dublin.
Sir, – I have enjoyed the responses to Fintan O’ Toole’s recent tongue-in-cheek article and the various efforts to lay claim to the road – using the moral high ground. But there is a darker side to this subject.
In recent years, cyclists in Dublin have been experiencing an epidemic of bicycle theft. The explosion in the number of bikes along with their increased value (fuelled in part by the Bike to Work scheme) has proved a major temptation to thieves and rumours abound of organised gangs selling container-loads of Irish bikes abroad. But hard figures are hard to come by, as we cyclists rarely report these thefts, expecting nothing to be done. A joint initiative is required, from both the Garda and cycling community. The former needs to be seen to be doing something to address the problem, while the latter must assist by reporting all thefts. Once the size of the problem is appreciated it will increase the need to address it. – Yours, etc,
PAUL THORNTON,

Sir, – While it is wonderful to note your enthusiasm for women’s stories, past and present, in this week’s Irish Times series, Women at Work, it is surely worth noting that those battles go on and on for women, even today.
Perhaps The Irish Times might also like to hail a victory for women brought about by using the mechanism of introducing amendments to proposed legislation to Seanad Éireann which happened earlier this year.
This small victory, detailed below, happened thanks to having a Senate chamber; that second chamber where proposed legislation is scrutinised and amended. The VECs are, as we know them, about to be morphed into a new being on July 1st next. From this year the old deliverer of our local techs will be replaced by education and training boards (ETBs). While the existing amended VEC Acts included the need for gender representation for councillors on VEC boards, a new broom at Department of Education and Science, saw fit to use the opportunity of new legislation to remove that requirement on the flimsiest of excuses that women can be difficult to find!
Thanks to the good offices of Senator Ivana Bacik and her colleagues in Seanad Éireann, the offending section was amended and now there will be a requirement to reflect the number of women and male councillors on local ETBs.
Given what I learnt and experienced when Minister for Education and the certainty that women are still being discriminated against in the quietest of our legislative corners, I intend to vote No in the coming referendum and Yes to gender politics for the foreseeable future. – Is mise,
NIAMH BHREATHNACH,
(Minister for Education 1993

Sir, – What a sign of the times to see the advertisement for Paddy Power (Page 3, June 12th). So disappointing to see Jesus Christ mocked in such a way in a so-called Christian country. Thousands of Christians in this country would voice a protest but other religions could be more physical in their protest if their leader was so mocked.  
We who believe what Jesus said about His return in judgment know that all people, which will include you and Paddy Power, will have to give account to the Man appointed, and in view of the upheaval going on in this world, many, including unbelievers, would feel we are heading towards heavenly intervention. – Yours, etc,
SHEILA SPENCER,

First published: Sat, Jun 15, 2013, 00:04

   
Sir, – In a recent radio interview, Minister for Health, James Reilly proclaimed it was now time to introduce legislation on abortion because it was clearly evident from  (Irish Times/Ipsos MRBI) opinion polls that the Irish people have changed their minds on this particular matter and supported such legislation.
Given the latest Irish Times /Ipsos MRBI opinion poll on the state of the political parties (Home News, June 14th), can we now expect Mr Reilly to call for a general election? After all, it is now clearly evident that the Irish people have changed their minds on the Coalition partners and no longer offer them majority support! – Yours, etc,
VAL BAYNES,

Irish Independent:
* Firstly, I would like to applaud Enda Kenny for being the first Taoiseach of this country to recognise and publicly announce that he is a Taoiseach for all the people of Ireland and not just the Catholics.
Also in this section
Time to slam the brakes on our errant cyclists
High time Swift was allowed to Bloom
Another great idea from Leinster House
* Firstly, I would like to applaud Enda Kenny for being the first Taoiseach of this country to recognise and publicly announce that he is a Taoiseach for all the people of Ireland and not just the Catholics.
Secondly, I would like to express my support for him and his Government in introducing this legislation, legislation that Fianna Fail, the political wing of the Catholic Church, was mandated to implement in a referendum but which refused to do so; legislation that is about saving the lives of women, and not, as the church would have us believe, about murder.
I sincerely hope that others will show the same courage as Mr Kenny and come out and support this legislation and not hide behind religious beliefs. You, all of you, have the duty to save the lives of all Irish citizens.
Thirdly, I would like to comment on the role of the Catholic Church in this affair. The Catholic Church represents a foreign state (Vatican City) – it does not represent Ireland, nor is it elected to speak on behalf of the Irish people. Ireland is a nation, not a religion.
The campaign of tyranny initiated by the bishops and clergy in this country against our Taoiseach and the democratically elected representatives of this State is tantamount to foreign interference in the domestic affairs of a sovereign state.
There should be a public inquiry into this matter; we cannot allow the church to interfere in state affairs in this fashion.
Lastly, I reiterate: Ireland is a nation, not a religion, and while you are free to practise your religion, you are not free to impose your will through the use of tyranny, coercion, bullying or threats. Democracy is about choice, not imposition.
Ray Behan
Clontarf, Dublin 3
DESTRUCTION OF LIFE
* How appropriate that the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Bill 2013 was released under cover of darkness. Section 22 of the bill gives the game away.
It starts promisingly: “(1) It shall be an offence to intentionally destroy unborn human life,” and for a moment there was hope.
But then subsection (4) has: “For the avoidance of doubt, it is hereby declared that subsection (1) shall not apply to a medical practitioner who carries out a medical procedure referred to in section 7, 8 or 9 in accordance with that section.”
In other words, intentionally destroying life is banned except for all the cases mentioned in the bill, including suicide risk, which surely means that the intentional destruction of human life is envisaged in these cases. So much for government spokespersons trying to make out it’s a bill to save lives.
Brendan O’Regan
Arklow
* As 90pc of us identified ourselves in the last census as Catholic, is it not unreasonable for the Catholic bishops to express a moral view on the proposed Protection of Life During Pregnancy Bill?
While it may be easy to dismiss the messengers as a group of church men who made poor decisions in the past regarding child welfare, the message itself, while not a vote-winner, is that the bill, which allows a termination for a woman who feels suicidal because she is pregnant, even without any time limits, will have the consequence of ending the potential life of another person.
Frank Browne
Templeogue, Dublin 16
THE WIFE DILEMMA
* I shall be forever grateful to John McGuinness for helping me to resolve the struggle I have had for years in deciding whether or not my wife should join me on holidays. (Irish Independent, June 11).
Mr McGuinness has invited us to read the works of Proust and Nietzsche in order to find a reason for taking our wives with us. The last time I read Proust was in the library in Lisdoonvarna. I found reading him a waste of time, or, as they say in Clare, a bit of temp perdu. I never finished the 1.25 million words of his ‘Search For Lost Time’ and, apparently, none of the wife-seeking farmers I met had done so either. This voluminous text now forms an elegant bar stool in one of my favourite Lisdoonvarna pubs.
Frustrated in deciding whether I should take my wife to Egypt, I sought illumination in Joyce’s ‘Finnegans Wake’. In an early version of the text I found, “Uxor to Luxor? Nein.” Not content with this level of assertiveness, I followed the example of Mr McGuinness and reached for the philosopher Nietzsche. If Nietzsche can’t reach you, nobody can.
Nietzsche, in ‘Beyond Good and Evil’, defended the view that morality makes us mentally ill. For example, agonising about whether our wives should share the warm proximity of bodies and the involuntary knees-up in economy air travel is not good for us. I found Nietzsche very convincing.
Enda went to Rome to investigate this issue for the people of Ireland and returned with the very helpful Roman suggestion that Caesar’s wife must be beyond reproach. I assume he is referring to the injunction, ‘Never take Calpurnia to California’. This piece of wisdom was worth every penny of the cost of his trip and left me in no doubt that I should continue camping on my own, or, as the Latin-speaking Romans called it, castrating.
I am convinced that a strong case could be made for a celibate Dail; celibacy is much cheaper to run than marriage, and could save the country a fortune in travel expenses.
Philip O’Neill
Edith Road, Oxford
A TAOISEACH FIRST
* Back in the day, Ireland had an Irish/Italian Taoiseach, John A Costello – or Giovanni Antonio Costello – who declared during a Dail debate, ‘I’m a Catholic first and an Irishman second’. Fast forward to 2013 and our dear Taoiseach Enda Kenny proclaims, ‘I’m a Catholic who happens to be Taoiseach, not a Catholic Taoiseach,’ – that’s progress . . . going forward, of course.
Paddy O’Brien
Balbriggan, Co Dublin
REAL DAIL REFORM
* In the context of the government proposal to abolish the Seanad and the deliberations of the Constitutional Convention, there has been much discussion on Dail reform.
A measure fundamental to any real reform of the Dail would be a requirement that TDs attend at Leinster House and vote on legislation in order to draw salary. Yet no such requirement exists. Attendance at Leinster House is only required in order to draw down expenses.
Politicians usually respond to this issue by claiming that when they are not in the chamber, they are working in their room. This, of course, is not the point. It is true that a deputy who registers with the Clerk of the Dail after a general election will receive a cheque in the post every month until dissolution, irrespective of attendance at the workplace.
The first duty of a deputy is to represent constituents through voting on legislation or by introducing legislation. Yet a deputy, even when in attendance, has no obligation to vote or formally abstain on any measure whatever in order to draw salary.
It is not possible to have democratic accountability while these arrangements exist. Constituents may be unable to discern the position of their deputy on any issue.
The further requirement to ensure democratic accountability of deputies is that constituents are enabled to recall their deputy during a Dail term. This exists in other jurisdictions.
Paddy Healy
Fairview, Dublin 3
Irish Independent

Visiting Joan

June 14, 2013

13 June 2013 Joan in hospital

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, oh dear oh dear.
There is a Chief inspector of Police who needs help with his inquiries. He is dropped on Troutbridge but the only thing he finds is Leslie and Lt Murray’s smuggle. But as he is covered in soot, he fell down the funnel he is unrecognizable Priceless.
Another quiet day Joan’s feet still bad we visit her in hospital she will be home very so so I go and tidy up her room.
We watch The Pallaisers Bye bye Mr Finn MP Some hussy appears with diamonds they are stolen! Twice!
I win at scrabble but I gets over 400 perhaps Mary can have her revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Helen McElhone
Helen McElhone, who has died aged 80, was a Glasgow housewife who took over from her Labour MP husband when he died in harness, and in less than nine months in the Commons proved a doughty fighter for better housing and social conditions.

Helen McElhone with her husband Frank in 1969 Photo: TSPL/ALLAN MILLIGAN
6:10PM BST 13 Jun 2013
She had held constituency surgeries for Frank McElhone, a Scottish Office minister in the 1970s, and sat in regularly on Commons committees. But she had no Westminster ambitions of her own until on September 22 1982 he suffered a fatal heart attack during a march through Glasgow in support of the NHS.
Born and raised in his Queen’s Park constituency, she decided to take up the mantle. Jimmy Wray, Frank McElhone’s agent, reckoned the seat his for the taking, and he was not a man to be crossed; when one of Wray’s wives demanded an equal share of their house, he had it demolished, then sent her half the bill for the bulldozer.
Nevertheless Helen McElhone, an opponent of abortion and nuclear weapons, had built her own contacts as a party activist, and after bitter infighting defeated Wray at the selection meeting by 29 votes to 28.
Labour and the SNP outbid each other during the by-election campaign to condemn the impact of Thatcherism. Helen McElhone stressed her local ties and record, demanded the demolition of a notorious tower block and on December 2 1982 ran out the winner by 5,694 votes.
Time was not on her side, as the seat was due for abolition at the coming election. But she made an immediate impact with a passionate maiden speech condemning tower block “slums” and the hopeless outlook for the young unemployed.
She returned to this theme whenever she had the opportunity, telling Mrs Thatcher she should call a June 1983 election to give the people “some hope”. The prime minister did just that, winning handsomely.
Declaring: “I don’t believe in being a caretaker MP”, Helen McElhone went for the new Glasgow Central constituency, but after Wray was ruled ineligible she lost out to the sitting MP Bob McTaggart for the Labour nomination.
In 1985 she was elected to Strathclyde regional council, becoming vice-chairman of its finance committee. She persuaded the council, Rangers FC and the Scottish Development Agency to fund a new sports and community centre on waste land opposite Ibrox Stadium. Later she was one of the Labour panel who vetted potential candidates for the first elections to the Scottish Parliament.
She was born Helen Margaret Brown on April 10 1933 and brought up and educated in the Gorbals. When her husband was elected to Parliament in 1969, she took over running his greengrocer’s shop.
Helen Brown married Frank McElhone in 1958. They had two sons — the manager and the bass guitarist of the rock band Altered Images, which had six hit singles between 1981 and 1983 — and two daughters.
Helen McElhone, born April 10 1933, died June 5 2013

Guardian:

Over the last few months Network Rail has provided its services against the background of intense flooding which has swept some lines away. During the February 2013 storms it had to deal with up to 60 landslides a day, an extraordinary and unprecedented volume of erosion and land slippage never seen before in the century and a half of rail transport. One line has been closed by a colliery spoil heap failure and will remain closed for months.
So a bit more congratulation to Network Rail on having achieved the punctuality it has against extraordinary odds – and a bit less hubris from Network Rail’s critics would not go amiss (Report, 13 June). And while there may be savings in costs to be made, the costs associated with flooding and landslides associated with climate change can only rise and will have to be budgeted for, unless we are prepared to lose large chunks of the network.
Professor Peter Gardiner
Emeritus professor of civil engineering, University of Brighton

The increased prevalence of drug-resistant microbes is not just an impending problem – we consider drug resistance to be an urgent issue today (Report, 12 June). In our projects around the world we see people every day who have developed resistance to frontline drugs – often because they have been prescribed inappropriate drugs or regimens as the appropriate diagnostic tools do not exist. Antibiotic resistant bacteria are being seen wherever we have the tools to diagnose it.
In an MSF emergency project in Iraq, for example, many of the deep-wound infections we care for are infected with bacteria resistant to the second-, third-, even fourth-line drugs. Daily, MSF sees the human side of drug resistance. At the same time we are seeing major pharmaceutical companies abandoning research and development on drugs to suppress infection. There’s a desperate need for increased research into new diagnostics and antibiotics and for them to be brought to market more quickly. Now is the time to tackle this problem – not to avert a future crisis, but to prevent an existing one from getting worse.
Dr Jennifer Cohn
Medical coordinator, MSF access campaign, Médecins Sans Frontières
• The use of antibiotics in agriculture is often ignored. So the proposal by England’s chief medical officer for a UN treaty to ban antibiotics in food production is very welcome. Antibiotics are used, particularly in pig, poultry and fish farming because they promote growth and prevent disease from spreading rapidly in overcrowded intensive farms. A shocking 80% of antibiotics sold in the US are used in animals, and this massive misuse clearly allows drug-resistant bacteria to develop. A properly enforced UN treaty on antibiotics would mean that some of the worse aspects of industrial animal farming would no longer be viable, which would be a welcome boost to animal welfare, as well as helping to ensure that antibiotics are still able to save people’s lives.
Richard Mountford
Development manager, Animal Aid

The announcement by the Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency that all electronic cigarettes will be classed as medicines and need its approval is bad news for smokers and for public health (Report, 13 June). Classing them as medicines will drive products off the market, create unnecessary uncertainty in the minds of users and, perversely, make it harder to get electronic than tobacco cigarettes. This decision will do nothing to hasten an end to smoking.
Gerry Stimson
Richmond, Surrey
• Your report (12 June) describes the Greek public sector as “bloated”. At what point do we deem a society to be “bloating” on public service? Do you think that public sector broadcasting is evidence of “bloat”? Or perhaps you yourselves are bloated on neo-con narratives of austerity and the lean state?
Saville Kushner
Auckland, New Zealand
•  Robust, credible, determined, honest, perceptive, brave, undaunted. Would make Labour electable. Margaret Hodge for shadow chancellor and, in time, chancellor – even prime minister (Report, 13 June). Please!
Margaret Carey
Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex
•  In my experience, the Asian community has a preference for cash and cheques, and it is a joy to visit an Asian restaurant and have my cheque accepted with a smile (Report, 12 June). My deeper concern is that the card-based society is debasing the currency and blinding young people to relative values.
Robert McMillan
Stoke-on-Trent
• Sportspeople always picking up injuries? (Letters, 13 June) What’s more their injuries are invariably “niggling”.
Adrian Brodkin
London
• Perhaps I missed something at a younger age, but could someone explain how women can “fall” pregnant?
Sebastian Colquhoun
London
• Have you noticed that controversies are always “raging” these days?  I haven’t read of one simmering for ages.
David Robbie
Great Haywood, Stafford

The latest National Security Agency data protection scandal highlights the increasing erosion of civil liberties by stealth (Editorial, 11 June). It is easy to discount our fears and assure ourselves that what is tantamount to a government spy programme, is necessary to prevent terror attacks on domestic soil. However, that argument simply isn’t enough to justify such an invasion of privacy. Just because we cannot see the level of surveillance that we are subjected to doesn’t mean we shouldn’t be deeply alarmed.
We are told that we should accept an arrangement whereby the British and UK security services spy on one another’s citizens to circumvent privacy laws because “if you’ve done nothing wrong then you’ve nothing to fear”. It’s time that we say to governments: “If you’ve done nothing wrong, then you have nothing to fear from transparency and proper scrutiny.”
EU officials have repeatedly raised with the Americans the scope of legislation such as the Patriot Act, which can lead to European companies being required to transfer data to the US in breach of EU and national law. Yesterday in Strasbourg, the European Greens launched a campaign about the processing of personal data and its movement.
In the words of Benjamin Franklin: “Those who surrender freedom for security will not have, nor do they deserve, either one.” Perhaps Franklin could have added that most people have not even been offered the choice.
Natalie Bennett Green party leader
Keith Taylor Green MEP for South-east
Jean Lambert Green MEP for London
• No one has as yet raised the possibility that the private company contractors to the NSA, such as Booz Allen Hamilton, SAIC and many more, who are responsible for obtaining and processing the private data from individuals and other companies, may use this data for illicit commercial gain.
Presumably they will have ready access to the emails and mobile phone messages of traders on Wall Street and the City. I doubt very much if there would be any ethical barriers to using this “insider” information to make a killing in the markets. The methods of insider trading practised from time immemorial by City gents – a chat in the bar, the odd word in the ear at a meeting of a livery company, or over a malt whisky in the evening at one’s club, must seem positively archaic, very low bandwidth, compared to the information available to the digital spooks.
David Hookes
Liverpool
• Your interviews with numerous whistleblowers were inspiring (The truth sets you free, 11 June). Not one of them, despite all the deprivations and hardships they have suffered, regretted the action they had taken. In contrast to the platitudes of President Obama and William Hague about their governments’ excessive security measures, the whistleblowers come across as the real and courageous defenders of our freedom and democracy.
Ernest Rodker
London
• London tube stations are adorned with large posters proclaiming: “Your privacy is our priority … Microsoft.” Really? Viewed through whose Prism?
Jeremy Beecham
Labour, House of Lords

Michael Wilshaw’s conclusion is strange (Schools failing to nurture the brightest, says Ofsted chief, 13 June). Obviously selective schools select the pupils they regard as most likely to achieve A or A* grade in English and maths, rejecting many with level five in both. If any of their pupils fail to realise this target, it should be the selective schools that deserve criticism. A lot of things happen to young people between the ages of 11 and 16 and key stage 2 Sat scores (not blanket levels) are not the only measure used when schools are given predictions of pupils’ likely future attainment.Teachers in comprehensive schools are not complacent and strive to offer first-class educational opportunities to all, regardless of race, gender, prior attainment or any other criterion. They equip young people with the social skills, qualities and knowledge to thrive in the real world. I have witnessed many go on to top universities where they frequently outperform their selectively or privately educated peers because they have developed the ability to be individual, thinking learners. Let’s celebrate our first-class education system and stop trying to fix what isn’t broken, offering support when something could be improved.
Jenny Page
Sidmouth, Devon 
• I note from the Ofsted survey that despite the “confidence and high ambition” which apparently characterises our state grammar schools, nearly 40% of their students who transferred from primary school with a level five or above in English or maths failed to achieve an A or A* grade in these subjects at GCSE. Given the favoured intake of these schools, and their minimal social deprivation challenges, this is surely “an issue of national concern”. Michael Wilshaw seems surprisingly unconcerned.
John Stephens
London
• If it was the case that state schools were failing to nurture their brightest children – presumably they are doing a cracking job nurturing everyone else – then it might be a matter of national concern. However, there is not one jot of evidence to suggest that the tests (Sats key stage 2) taken by children in mathematics and English in the final year of primary school are predictors of GCSE grades. (Indeed A-level grades are not good predictors of degree classifications.) Michael Wilshaw’s ignorance on matters concerning testing and statistics in education is woeful in a chief inspector of schools. If medical research was based on this cavalier attitude to statistics people would die. Tragically, decisions on the education of children in state schools in England is now determined by all this poppycock.
Dr Robin Richmond
Bromyard, Herefordshire
• It is in years seven and eight, the two years following primary education, that secondary schools find greatest difficulty in setting appropriately high challenge for their young learners. Too often insufficient is known by secondary school teachers about what their new pupils learnt and how they learnt it in years five and six.
To meet this issue, the last government produced “transition” schemes of work, written by teachers, spanning years six and seven, which pupils were able to study across the primary-secondary divide. It also developed a system in which teachers worked with attainment targets for every whole class and personal targets for each individual in that class. This system was highly sophisticated and potentially very effective indeed.
The coalition has discontinued these approaches. It has reduced teacher training and local education authorities to embattled rumps. It has encouraged the notion that teachers don’t need qualifications. It is determinedly undermining the sense that a secondary school and its primary feeder schools should function as a partnership or family. And these changes make cross-phase collaboration virtually impossible.
Wilshaw’s classifying of some children as “bright” is, frankly, offensive. There are a hundred and one ways of being bright. If a child’s parents respond sensitively to a child’s natural curiosity and encourage further questioning, involve him or her in lengthy conversation and encourage wide reading which is then discussed, the consequence will be a bright child. Every child deserves the opportunity to be bright. It is the responsibility of every state school to provide this opportunity, and that is often denied pupils if they are placed in a bottom set with its concomitant problems.
David Curtis
Solihull, West Midlands
• In most areas the statutory regulator or inspector is held accountable for failures which are allowed to persist over a long period of time. For example, the Care Quality Commission is rightly criticised when a health or social care service is found to have failed its users repeatedly. Ofsted was largely the creation of the government of John Major and the Education (Schools) Act 1992 and its primary purpose is to achieve excellence in education for children. If after 20 years of Ofsted inspections too many of the most able children in secondary schools are underperforming, surely Ofsted should be made to explain why it has failed?
Martin Quinn
Tavistock, Devon
• Two days ago the government were complaining that GCSEs were too easy. Now it’s complaining that two-thirds of the most able pupils at the end of primary school don’t go on to get an A or A*. Gamma minus for logic, Gove, and see me after evening prep.
Rendel Harris
London
• I suspect schools have always been guilty of not stretching the cleverest students. The late astronomer Fred Hoyle, who discovered how carbon is formed in the stars, played truant from Bingley Grammar school, preferring to study in the local town library.
Roger Greatorex
London
• Re Michael Gove’s plans for exam-only GCSEs: “Education is not filling a bucket; it is lighting a fire.” WB Yeats.
Bob Gough
Walton-on-Thames, Surrey

Independent:

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I spent many years working as a further education lecturer in business and computing. The staff at my college noted that one year’s intake of students was more awkward and disillusioned and had less ability than the previous intakes.
We worked out that this was the group that were the most adversely affected by the introduction of the National Curriculum. Further cohorts also had problems and we reckoned that it took about four or five years for this situation to stabilise. 
By completely overhauling the GCSE structure in such a short time Mr Gove is setting up a five- to ten-year disruption to education. The new GCSEs will require a completely different approach. It will take quite a few years for teaching materials, textbooks and training for teachers to be properly implemented. 
The rigorous structure will penalise a significant percentage of students: those with hay fever, those who get nervous, those with dyslexia, the student with a broken arm or in hospital – all  are likely to do less well.
Can we therefore register the fact that from 2017 and the 10 years afterwards all credit for the falling numbers of students getting good grades at GCSE be attributed to the person responsible – that is Mr Gove?
Paul Mason
Teddington, Middlesex
Mr Gove’s new GCSE proposals (“Easy GCSEs are ancient history”, 12 June) will be strangely familiar to anyone like me who did their O-levels in 1955.
English literature: one play by Shakespeare (check). English language: spelling, punctuation and grammar important (check). Speaking skills not tested (check). Digital texts not included (obviously). Maths: problem-solving questions on algebra and geometry (check). Modern languages to include oral examination (check).
Has the world really changed so little in the past 58 years?
David Hewitt
London N1 
Can Michael Gove really believe that schoolteachers – educated, intelligent people – will be able to teach his politically skewed history curriculum with a straight face, or that their pupils, many of them the descendants of slaves or of those who suffered under British colonialism on the Indian sub-continent, will swallow it without question? 
Either Gove is himself a radical left-winger, promoting his doctrines through a cunningly subversive plan, or he is as stupid as he seems.
Professor Michael Rosenthal
Banbury, Oxfordshire
 
Frankenstein still stalks  the GM fields
You make the case for GM crops (“Time for a rethink on GM crops”, 11 June) but how can you believe that the “dire prophecies” that you mention have not come to pass? There are several factors which make GM very “Frankenstein” indeed.
Many GM crops are not set to resist pests but rather to resist a particular pesticide so (a) the company profits from sales of that pesticide and (b) fields become “dead zones” for everything but the selected crop; the need to buy seeds, fertilizer and pesticides (often sold as a “package”) creates financial obligation and sometimes debt which can lead to farmer suicide in the developing world.
Add to this, GM farming is by nature “mono-culture”, often linked to the use of fertilisers and “designer pesticides”, which is a threat to wild life and to biodiversity (with the prime example being bee-death), it puts enormous strain on the soil and causes run-off leading to further death in rivers and in the sea (such as dead zones around estuaries).
GM crops can start off giving high yields but, as resistance increases, this tails off, leaving farmers in debt, with tired soil and with no non-GM seed-stock which might allow them to return to old (sustainable) practices.
If this is not “Frankenstein” then please tell me what is.
Alan Mitcham
Cologne, Germany
Could it perhaps be that “the dire prophecies of Frankenstein foods have not come to pass” because, as you say earlier in your leading article, growing them is illegal in Europe?
We are still safe because we have avoided the risk; something I pray that common sense will ensure we continue to do. Sadly, common sense is in very short supply in this Government.
Sara Neill
Tunbridge Wells,  Kent
 
RBS: public cost, private profit
The Royal Bank of Scotland was rescued by the taxpayer at vast expense when private- sector management failed. Now conventional wisdom seems to be that it should be re-privatised, incidentally no doubt generating fat fees for the usual suspects in the City. Why?
If RBS is attractive to the private sector it must be because it is judged to be a going concern with a potential to generate a profit. As the taxpayer took the risk to rescue the bank, so the future profits should accrue to the public via the Treasury, rather than to City institutions and shareholders whose managements proved  so incompetent or negligent  in the past.
It may well be that RBS will only be profitable once many thousands of staff have been paid off and placed on the unemployment register at further public expense.
It is of course no coincidence that the “give-away” privatisation circus will reach its climax just before the next general election.
Roger Blassberg
St Albans,
Hertfordshire
 
Little to learn from China
Contrary to what Hamish McRae says in “When – not if – China overtakes the US, normality will have returned” (4 June), I believe that there is little the West can learn from China despite China’s apparent economic strength.
It is ironic that such an article in praise of China’s economic performance should appear in close proximity to the sensitive date of 4 June. Commemorating the massacre which happened 24 years ago reminds us that the Chinese Communist Party, both then and now, has recklessly pursued economic growth, sacrificing freedom, democracy and the environment along the way. Every year, the CCP spends more money on “maintaining harmony” at home than on national security, because economic development takes precedence over everything else. On top of that, the Chinese economy runs on familial ties, bribery and corruption. If “ideas of Chinese economic management” ever affected other parts of the world, it certainly would be for the worse.
McRae also claims that the West has much to learn from China’s healthcare system. He rests his argument on Hong Kong’s infant mortality rate and Macau’s life expectancy, but these examples are at best tenuously linked to the state of China’s healthcare system. The excellence of Hong Kong and Macau’s healthcare can only be explained by their colonial history and the preservation of a Western healthcare system thanks to the policy of “one country, two systems”.
If anything, citing Hong Kong and Macau as success stories shows the triumph of Western managerial ideals.
Christopher Cheung
Exeter College,
Oxford
 
Generals in  the front line
Regarding the subject of whether officers in the First World War sent working-class soldiers to their deaths (letter, 12 June): Richard Holmes in his meticulously researched book Tommy recorded that 58 major-generals and brigadier generals in the British Army were killed or died of wounds on the Western Front, and probably more than 300 were wounded.  
A higher proportion of generals were killed by small-arms fire (such as snipers) than of men under their command, suggesting that they were killed very close to the front line. 
It should also be pointed out that, because so many officers in their own uniforms with swords were being picked off by enemy fire, orders were issued that officers taking part in attacks should wear the same uniforms as ordinary soldiers and carry rifles.
Gordon  Elliot
Burford,  Oxfordshire
I read that Mr Cameron wants all schoolchildren to see the battlefields of the First World War. They would learn more about the futility of war if they visited Iraq instead.
Gyles Cooper
London N10
 
Stay out of the war in Syria
Britain and France want to set up a no-fly-zone over Syria to help the rebels, although Nato’s Supreme Allied Commander has pointed out that this would be an act of war.
President Hollande has said any action against Syria must be “within the framework of international law”. But international law bans “the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state”.
British and French aid to the rebels is just like President Reagan’s aid to the Contras in Nicaragua, which the International Court of Justice condemned in 1986 as a violation of international law.
Will Podmore
London E12
Syria and many of the other Middle Eastern countries look exactly like England in Tudor times – two sects of a major religion fighting to the death. To interfere would be disastrous. Spain tried to support the rebels by sending the Armada and lost most of its fleet and ultimately its empire. Do we intend to do the same?
John Day
Port Solent, Hampshire
 
Private data
It seems strange that the news about Prism and the acquisition of private data by intelligence agencies has caused such a furore while no one appears to be worried that most, if not all, of the relevant information is already in the hands of the various private operators such as Google, Facebook and Twitter. Do we know what the Googles of this world do with the data and to whom they are answerable?
Geoff Baguley
Wellingborough, Northamptonshire
 
Late night
David Warner punches Joe Root. Alastair Cook then says: “Our players did nothing wrong.”  So is it now perfectly acceptable for international sportsmen to be drinking in a bar at 2am In the middle of an important tournament? I think we should be told.
Derek Watts
Lewes, East Sussex
 
Thinner divas
Your headline asks: “So why do all female classical musicians have to be thin and sexy?”(11 June). It looks as though it’s not over now till the thin lady sings.
Robert Pallister
Punchbowl, New South Wales, Australia

Times:

Party politics must not get in the way of giving our security services the capabilities they need to tackle modern-day terrorism
Sir, The recent attack on Drummer Lee Rigby was a cowardly and criminal act committed by people who have regard neither for life nor Islam. We will not know, until the Intelligence and Security Committee has reported, whether gaps in the current law unwittingly assisted the terrorists in this case.
What we do know is that the type of terror that al-Qaeda brings to our streets poses a new and challenging threat because, in the 21st century, they have access to global communications like never before. Combine this with a disregard for their own or their victims’ lives and there is a profound danger to our national and individual security. When such a threat reveals itself, government has a duty to ensure it does all it can to counter it. Coalition niceties and party politics must not get in the way of giving our security services the capabilities they need to stay one step ahead of those that seek to destroy our society.
It was for these reasons that Labour, in 2008, planned a Communications Data Bill and the current Home Secretary has felt the need to tackle the problem again. Far from being a “snoopers’ charter”, as critics allege, the draft Bill seeks to match our crime-fighting capabilities to the advances in technologies. The current legal regime in the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 was drafted when the internet and mobile telephony were in their infancy.
Google, Facebook, Twitter, Skype and emails are some of the many new ways millions communicate. The proposed Communications Data Bill does not want access to the content of our communications but does want to ensure that enough data is available in the aftermath of an attack to help investigators to establish “who, where and when” were involved in planning or supporting it.
This same comms data can also be vital in exploiting leads to prevent future serious crimes. If a bombing or another type of atrocity has been planned over many months there is at the moment nothing to guarantee that the data records needed by investigators to piece together networks and suspects will have been stored by internet providers. The draft Bill has been scrutinised extensively by a Joint Committee of Parliament, and the Home Secretary has already said she will accept the substance of all the recommendations. We support such a Bill.
Let us be clear, there are no proposals to weaken the current regime surrounding the interception of the content of communications. It has always been a requirement, and always will be, that such intrusive intercepts are subject to time-limited warrants. Their use is guided by a strict criterion of necessity and proportionality, and are only permitted to protect national security and counter serious criminal conduct. We find it odd that many critics of the Bill prefer to champion the rights of corporations over democratically accountable law-enforcement agencies Good counter terrorism is about learning from previous plots and exploiting intelligence. Communications data is a vital tool in that armoury.
Jack Straw, MP; Lord King of Bridgwater; David Blunkett, MP ;Lord Baker of Dorking; Alan Johnson, MP; Lord Carlile of Berriew, QC; Ben Wallace, MP

‘Oil companies should make clear that they support the new global mandatory extractive transparency standard’
Sir, We are concerned that a few leading international oil companies, including some due to attend the Government’s “Open for Growth: G8 Trade, Tax and Transparency” event tomorrow, are in danger of undermining David Cameron’s G8 transparency agenda. Several such companies are supporting the American Petroleum Institute’s lawsuit to try to reverse the extractive sector reporting provisions of the US Dodd-Frank Act, Section 1504. Others have not yet done enough to distance themselves from the lawsuit.
Sixty-five per cent of the value of the global extractives market is covered by the US and the new EU mandatory reporting rules. Canada has announced plans to require similar reporting by Canadian companies, a further nine per cent of the sector. Switzerland is considering comparable legislation, and campaigners are urging Australia to do the same.
Oil companies should make clear that they do not support the unnecessary US lawsuit and instead commit to support the new global transparency standard. Tomorrow’s event provides them with a great opportunity to do so.
Marinke Van Riet, Publish What You Pay; Gavin Hayman, Global Witness; Neil Thorns, CAFOD; Jamie Drummond, ONE; John Arnold, Ecumenical Council for Corporate Responsibility

Britain has the safest railway in Europe, and works are continuing to make it more efficient, more punctual and more accessible
Sir, Your editorial (Network Real, June 13) reflected the public’s desire for improved performance on the railway and cheaper fares, but failed to recognise the very real progress that has been made over the past decade. It is only a few months ago since the European Commission published a report comparing all 27 EU member states’ railways and naming Britain’s as Europe’s most improved over the past 10 years.
In that time we have seen substantial growth and today are running one million more trains per year and carrying half a billion more passengers — more than at any time since the 1920s, on a network half the size. We have record levels of passenger satisfaction, some of the cheapest rail fares in Europe and while train punctuality — particularly on some routes — is shy of the regulator’s targets, it’s still at almost 91 per cent of trains running to time — historically high levels. We have the safest railway in Europe and have reduced the number of rail infrastructure failures by 30 per cent in the past four years. We are also in the midst of undertaking the largest investment programme since the Victorian era which has delivered new stations and new infrastructure.
We recognise there is still much to do and much we can do to make further improvements. But this success brings its own challenges as we are tasked with cutting costs, improving train punctuality and building more railways all on a network that is increasingly full. The rail industry, regulator and government understand better than ever before the challenges we face trying to meet these conflicting pressures. But you do not make up for a century of underinvestment overnight.
We are halfway through a 20-year project to set things straight and we need to continue if the railway is to fulfil its proper role in the economic regeneration of this country.
Sir David Higgins
Chief Executive, Network Rail

It is not necessary to go far afield to carry out research on education in two languages, just a quick trip down the M4
Sir, I read the article on bilingual education by Helen Rumbelow (June 12) with great interest. The article mentions research in America and Canada on this subject. It was not necessary to go so far afield. Bilingual education takes place in Wales and has done so for a very long time.
Jennifer Davies
Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan,

The goal of education should be to give children the skills to find things out, to solve problems and work well with others
Sir, Sarah Haffner (letter, June 13) believes that the memorisation and regurgitation of facts under pressure is an important life skill that should be tested in exams.
This is true, if the goal of the education system is to turn out a generation of Mastermind contenders. As an employer, I am more interested in skills such as the ability to find things out, to critically assess information, to solve problems and to work well with others — all of which are now to be downgraded in an exam system that looks more and more irrelevant to the needs of the modern world.
Dan Adler
Farnham, Surrey

Telegraph:

SIR – Dame Jenni Murray is surely out of touch (“Classical women must agree ‘sex sells’ to get ahead, says Dame Jenni”, report, June 11). There were famous female soloists long before the advent of the glamorous Nicola Benedetti, who, incidentally, is a very fine musician.
Ida Haendel, a British violinist of Polish birth, was a frequent soloist at the Proms in the Fifties and Sixties, and impressed with her virtuosity, not her glamour.
Brian C Brown
Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire
SIR – While I join Dame Jenni in decrying the sexed-up packaging of female instrumentalists, this trend was not initiated by recording or commercial interests.
It began decades ago when Anne-Sophie Mutter, the German violinist, habitually appeared in skin-tight, low-cut, strapless dresses that left little to the imagination. How to get the genie she released back into the bottle?
Rebecca Goldsmith
London SW11

SIR – Well done Michael Gove for beginning to bring some common sense into the education system (“Back to basics as Gove sets out new GCSEs”, report, June 12). The new examinations will raise standards and reinforce two key lessons children need to learn: that quality is more important than quantity and that not everyone can be a winner.
Incidentally, I still have my school report from my state primary school in 1954 when I was 10. In those wicked times I was actually placed 16th out of 55 pupils. We had one teacher and no teaching assistants, yet almost all of the children in that class passed the 11-plus.
As for social mobility, 50 to 60 per cent of our fathers worked at the enormous Austin motor factory nearby, mainly on the production lines. That brings us to the tremendous benefits of grammar schools, but we mustn’t talk about them any more, must we?
Duncan Edwards
Birmingham
SIR – It seems likely that higher standards will see fewer pupils achieving high enough grades to meet university entrance requirements.
Related Articles
Classical women don’t need to sex themselves up
13 Jun 2013
That might reverse the proliferation of universities in recent decades and lead to some of them being redesignated as the effective polytechnics that they originally were, thereby enabling them to concentrate on delivering the vocational qualifications recently recommended by the Institute for Public Policy Research.
Bruce Denness
Whitwell, Isle of Wight
SIR – Increasing the pass mark in the new GCSE modules will increase the failure rate, but this cannot be simultaneously a measure of the GCSE’s improved quality.
For years, accountancy students have faced daunting failure rates of up to 50 per cent in their professional exams, but this level of failure amongst adolescents will be unacceptable. Branding pupils who do not pass a module as “failures”, and taking delight in that political achievement, despite the trenchant opposition of the teaching unions, is representative of Michael Gove’s arrogance.
John Flynn
Lincoln
SIR – How absurd that Mr Gove has announced new proposals for GCSEs while students are still sitting their exams. As an A-level student myself, I can only imagine how disheartening this news might be to GCSE students sweating over their last exams. Surely to say that the current system “isn’t delivering” serves to undermine their hard work? The minister could at least have waited until the exam season was over.
Jo Wassell
Bournemouth, Dorset
SIR – Michael Gove’s new curriculum is admirable, but are there many modern teachers who are capable of teaching it?
Dr Peter D Smart
Morpeth, Northumberland
Baby boomers
SIR – The Bishop of London (“Take less, bishop tells baby boomers”, report, June 12) would do well to remember the fortunate generation’s contribution to the dramatic improvement in living standards of all generations today.
Most of the so-called fortunate generation left school at 15 and began paying income tax and National Insurance very soon after. Many continued their education after work at night school and learnt their skills on the job. They worked long hours, usually involving Saturday mornings, with little holiday.
It’s due in large part to their work that nearly 50 per cent of today’s generation go to university and don’t have to begin earning a living until their twenties. It is a pity the bishop feels it necessary to stoke intergenerational antagonism. To say that public spending is “absorbed” by the fortunate generation implies soaking-up and sponging, and is particularly aggravating.
Hall Garvie
Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire
SIR – The Bishop of London used an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development report which says that the elderly, while making up 15 per cent of the population, account for 40 per cent of public social spending.
Yet his rhetoric omitted any reference to the Centre for Economic and Business Research’s report which concluded that the “silver pound” is driving the recovery.
Dr John Cameron
St Andrews, Fife
Secret state
SIR – The problem with GCHQ (Letters, June 11) is not what it does but the secrecy that surrounds it. In a democracy we are entitled to know what is being done in our name — even if the processes involved have to remain secret.
To paraphrase William Hague: “If everything GCHQ does is legal then they have nothing to fear from being open about what they do.”
Huw Wynne-Griffith
London W8
Lessons from war
SIR – I cannot agree with Max Hastings that the First World War was “not morally different from the Second World War” (report, June 11). It was rather a case of Great Power rivalry and miscalculation, which led to our sleepwalking into a conflict that was not inevitable at the start of 1914.
Serbian adventurism in the Balkans was encouraged by Russia and supported by France, keen to settle old scores. There was no international framework to recognise the hurt to Austria-Hungary following the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. For all his bluster, the vilified Kaiser Wilhelm was particularly reluctant to mobilise German forces when others were doing so.
The result was a tragedy for all of us and we are right to commemorate the sacrifice. Given that many of these ingredients are present in the current Middle East conflict, a proper appreciation of the events of that time may have more than academic value.
David Kenny
Newport, Monmouthshire
Rain and hail
SIR – Miriam Bolger (Letters, June 11) is right to comment on the appalling use of umbrellas, which should rarely be used in town and never in the country.
The only proper method of using an umbrella to keep dry is to hold it furled, vertically, at arm’s length, to hail a cab.
Michael Cleary
York
Iraq documentary
SIR – If last night’s BBC Two programme The Iraq War aimed to give the viewer as true a picture of events as possible, it failed.
The programme stated that Tony Blair caved in to American demands in 2007 to end British withdrawal and support the US surge. Mr Blair was quoted as saying in Parliament in February 2007, “We will continue to support the Americans.” He did say that, but he went on to lay out the timetable for reduction in British troop levels, a necessary condition of continued political support for the Iraq operation.
He did not in any way alter the timetable for withdrawal of British troops from Basra. I know, because I was the commander of the British-led division at the time.
The programme also stated that America intervened to seal victory for the Iraqi prime minister, Nouri al-Maliki, when he decided to wrest control of Basra from the Mahdi Army militia. In fact Maliki’s attack failed and a delegation was sent to Iran to do a deal with Tehran, which then reined in the Mahdi Army. This was a triumph for Iran and the final nail in American ambitions for the Iraq invasion.
The consequence of that can be seen today as Iraq sides with Iran, Assad and Hizbollah as the Middle East unfolds, discarding the constraints of the Sykes-Picot pact and re-aligning itself on sectarian Shia-Sunni lines.
Maj Gen Jonathan Shaw (retd)
Petersfield, Hampshire
Building in villages
SIR – Gill Payne of the National Housing Federation (report, June 11) and other advocates of building more houses in villages do not take into account the lack of employment opportunities in rural areas.
How can it be sustainable to build houses far from the workplace, necessitating long daily commutes and turning villages into daytime dormitories?
Ms Payne asks what will happen to the village pub and shop with few young people around. In my experience they will be supported by existing village residents – people with more time and money to invest in their community.
Jo Lindley
Potters Bar, Hertfordshire
Comic book looks
SIR – Mr Thomas (Letters, June 12) may be depressed that he looks more like Digby than Dan Dare these days, but he should be thankful he doesn’t resemble the Mekon.
David Hartridge
Groby, Leicestershire
Loyal blood donors are starting to lose patience
SIR – As a blood donor approaching his 100th donation, having donated for well over 40 years, I agree with Simon Rutter (Letters, June 12) that waiting times are too long. The Blood Donor Service has recently launched an appeal for 200,000 new donors. They would be better advised to take care of the ones they have.
Chris Pilkington
Moretonhampstead, Devon
SIR – If donors do come with “purely altruistic motives” (Letters, June 12) surely they can take a book or the Telegraph cryptic crossword to while away the waiting time, or engage in conversation with other donors, making the occasion a relaxing and pleasurable experience?
Denise Branson
Pedmore, Worcestershire
SIR – Upon arriving on time for my appointment to give blood, I was kept waiting over half an hour. People coming in off the street without appointments were going ahead of me. When I inquired as to why this was, I was told I “could be construed as being abusive to the staff”.
At that point I walked out. I found another donation point which seems to be more efficient in seeing people at their appointment times. Sometimes the staff do seem to forget we are volunteers.
Marion Martin
Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire
SIR – I can understand Simon Rutter’s frustration. In my case, however, I endure any delay as several years ago I required transfusions, which saved my life. I feel it is so important to give blood that if it takes a little longer, then so be it.
Michael Slocombe
Telford, Shropshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – As somebody who grew up in priest-ridden Ireland, I am so glad that I have lived to hear our Taoiseach say, “I am proud to stand here as a public representative, who happens to be a Catholic but not a Catholic Taoiseach” (Dáil Report, June 13th). Dev and John Charles must be spinning in their graves. – Yours, etc,
PATRICK O’BYRNE,
Shandon Crescent,
Phibsborough, Dublin 7.
Sir, – When the Government published the Heads of the Protection of Life in Pregnancy Bill, Head 12, Article 3 stated: “No institution, organisation or third party shall refuse to provide a lawful termination of pregnancy to a woman on grounds of conscientious objection”. This effectively undermined the principle that a Catholic Voluntary Hospital (or indeed any voluntary hospital) could define its own ethos.
Notwithstanding some changes in the draft Bill, the Minister still stubbornly insists that no institution can “refuse medical treatment” on the grounds of conscientious objection and links this specifically to the question of funding. Nobody, of course, is talking about refusing medical treatment. Catholic hospitals must, however, refuse abortion, which is not medical treatment.
The European Directive 2000/78/EC (the discrimination directive) specifically makes provision for the protection of institutional ethos, when it states: “Provided that its provisions are otherwise complied with, this directive shall thus not prejudice the right of churches and other public or private organisations, the ethos of which is based on religion or belief, acting in conformity with national constitutions and laws, to require individuals working for them to act in good faith and with loyalty to the organisation’s ethos.”
I believe that Catholic Voluntary Hospitals as a body must make it clear, both to legislators and to their own staff, that while they will always provide life-saving medical treatment for women in pregnancy, they will uphold their ethos and will never facilitate or tolerate the deliberate termination of human life, at any stage.
It would also seem very important that, at a time when new hospital governance structures are being developed, voluntary hospitals should ensure that they remain the direct employers of their own staff. – Yours, etc,
Fr KEVIN DORAN,
Administrator,
Sacred Heart Parish,
Donnybrook, Dublin 4.
Sir, – How appropriate that “The Protection of Life During Pregnancy Bill 2013” was released in the dark of night. Section 22 of the Bill gives the game away. It starts promisingly: “(1) It shall be an offence to intentionally destroy unborn human life”, and for a moment there was hope. But then sub-section (4) runs: “For the avoidance of doubt, it is hereby declared that subsection (1) shall not apply to a medical practitioner who carries out a medical procedure referred to in section 7, 8 or 9 in accordance with that section”. In other words, intentionally destroying life is banned except for all the cases mentioned in the Bill, including suicide risk, which surely means that the intentional destruction of human life is envisaged in these cases. That alone makes a laugh of the title of the Bill. – Yours, etc,
BRENDAN O’REGAN,
Dublin Road,
Arklow, Co Wicklow.
Sir, – I understand that Enda Kenny is an ardent fan of JFK and can even recite his speeches as his party piece. He is now even beginning to sound like him in the flesh. “I am proud to stand here as Taoiseach who happens to be a Catholic but not a Catholic taoiseach” – Enda Kenny (2013) in response to pro-Catholic lobby. “I am not the Catholic candidate for president, I am the Democratic Party candidate for president who happens to be a Catholic”– JFK (1960) in response to anti-Catholic lobby. Given it’s the 50th anniversary of JFK’s visit, maybe its appropriate that history does repeat itself. – Yours, etc,
TOM GERAGHTY,
Landscape Park,
Churchtown, Dublin 14.

As an American, I’m well aware of the potency of your use of the undeniably dysfunctional US system as the alternative to what we have in Ireland today. It is a great straw man. Yet I don’t believe any of us who have advocated for reform of the party whip system have called for adopting a relatively “whipless” system.
What I and others have called for is a critical re-examination of the way Irish political parties rigidly enforce the whip. A single vote against the leadership is a capital offence. How can large groups of thinking – we hope – people agree on everything? And if a party TD finds herself unable to vote as she’s told on just one issue, does that make her any less of a Fine Gael/Fianna Fáil/Labour/Sinn Féin person?
Political parties in other parliamentary democracies allow their members a greater degree of freedom, and that is what we are calling for here. Personally, I think an agreed number of free votes at the start of each Dáil term is an appealing alternative to the status quo.
In the wake of Micheál Martin’s just decision to allow his party colleagues a free vote on X case legislation, it is heartening that Fianna Fáil plans to form a committee to look at allowing more free votes on issues of conscience. I’m hopeful that the other parties will ultimately follow suit.
Moreover, anyone with significant experience of young activists in Ireland today will recognise that they are far less susceptible to “group think” than their predecessors. Those who enter politics will have no time for taking orders on how to vote on each and every issue.
As such, I suspect that, to borrow the motto of one US conservative publication, yesterday’s Editorial may, in time, be recalled as an instance of “standing athwart history, yelling ‘stop!’.” – Yours, etc,
LARRY DONNELLY,
School of Law

Sir, –   Given Enda Kenny’s strident opposition to spending public money on the spouses of Ministers (Home News, June 11th), can we assume that he will ensure that not one cent of public money is spent on entertainment for Michelle Obama and her two daughters during their visit to this country? –   Yours, etc,
JOE CUNNANE,
Herbert  Road, Dublin 4.

Sir, – That Irish women feel career progress is not the same for both genders is hardly surprising (“Women at work”, June 12th). Having a family remains more disruptive to the working lives of mothers. Unpaid parental leave for fathers is insufficient to ensure greater equality. Provision must be made for parents to be able to share paid parental leave, and the career disruption which comes with it, as is the case elsewhere in the EU. – Yours, etc,
JONATHAN WOODS,

Sir, – If wit is indicative of intelligence, then the future may yet be bright. Congratulations to the brilliant Leaving Cert and Junior Cert tweeters in your daily Tweetwatch (Exam Watch, June 12th). I am still laughing @kateeOM. – Yours, etc,
MICHAEL O’LEARY,

Sir, – In relation to the new Liffey bridge and the removal of the name of Tony Gregory from the list of names, I think the following should be exposed to the clear light of day. The so-called Commemorative Naming Committee of Dublin City Council consists of eight councillors under the wing of Dermot Lacey, a Labour Party councillor for Pembroke/Rathmines. No fewer than five of the eight councillors represent Pembroke/Rathmines. These are Dermot Lacey and Mary Freehill, both Labour, Edie Wynne and Paddy McCartan both Fine Gael and Jim O’Callaghan, Fianna Fáil. In addition there is a third Labour Party councillor, Sheila Howes from Ballyfermot/Drimnagh.
The oldest and dirtiest trick in politics is the shifting of the goal-posts to outflank your opponent. This was done by introducing a new regulation that a person must be 20 years dead before being commemorated by Dublin City Council. Contrast this with the naming of the new Boyne bridge after Mary McAleese by a more enlightened council.
Sell the workers down the river in the Beggars Bush agreement and we will name the bridge after Connolly or Hackett, seems to be the Labour Party strategy. I’m disappointed but not surprised, as the political establishment prevented Tony Gregory from being lord mayor of Dublin and ceann comhairle in his lifetime. Of the names left in the ring my support goes to WB Yeats or Swift. – Yours, etc,
NOEL GREGORY,

Irish Independent:

Joan in hospital

June 13, 2013

13 June 2013 Joan in hospital

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, oh dear oh dear.
There is a French frigate parks in Troutbridge’s usual bearth and they are ordered to tie up in the middle of the harbour. Pertwee is desperate to get ashore. There is a hidden barrel of rum involved/ Priceless.
Another quiet day Joan’s feet still bad she goes into hospital and we see the Lawyer about Mary’s living will.
We watch The Pallaisers Bye bye Mr Finn MP the Duke is ill and some hussy appears with diamonds
Mary wins at scrabble but she gets under 400 perhaps I can have my revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Serena Allott
Serena Allott, who has died aged 56, was a Daily Telegraph journalist who in recent years expanded her life to include founding the Isle of Wight Literary Festival and, with her husband Robin Courage, setting up Made on the Isle of Wight, a business marketing and selling a vast range of products grown or made on the island.

Serena Allott Photo: CAMERA PRESS
5:43PM BST 12 Jun 2013
She had an unusual start to her career in journalism. In the early 1980s she worked as a Girl Friday for TE (Peter) Utley, the leader writer and columnist who, although totally blind, managed to choose a series of beautiful women to make his office life possible. Her job would start when Utley’s wife deposited him at the Telegraph, which was then in Fleet Street, and finish at the end of the day when she came to collect him.
Her duties included reading the newspapers out loud to him; taking him to leader conferences; organising and sometimes attending lunch engagements — always in the Strand — discussing the leader that he was going to write and then typing it out as he dictated it, ready to take to the editor.
From there she moved to Vogue, where among other things she wrote what in those days was a revered column called Shop Hound. This required considerable skill, given that she hated shopping. She moved on to be travel editor of Working Woman, a magazine aimed at the women in the title, but the magazine was short-lived.
She rejoined the Telegraph in 1986 as a commissioning editor and feature writer or, as she jokingly called it, “the gloom correspondent” on the Magazine. She was far too dismissive of her own writing skills, for she was actually something of a rarity in those days: a “posh” girl doing serious journalism — a soldier’s daughter with an arty bent.
Perhaps it was her own sympathetic nature that gave her the knack of encouraging the people she interviewed to open up to her in a way which made her articles, both in the Magazine and the paper, stand out. She could also conduct difficult interviews with people who had suffered great grief and loss without ever making people think that she was prying.
Although she became an assistant editor, after the birth of her second son she decided to become a freelance writer for the Magazine and the newspaper, where among other things she wrote the weekly column My Mufti.
In 2001 Serena Allott had a life-changing heart attack which she only just survived thanks to the extraordinary care she received at St Thomas’ Hospital. She wrote an article about her survival and in it she remembered that on about day six of her stay one of the doctors had told her it was still impossible to tell whether her quality of life would be “reasonable or very poor”. Her immediate reaction was “Bugger very poor” and indeed she went on to enjoy a remarkable quality of life. Two years after her recovery the family moved out of London to the Isle of Wight. There she continued to write for the Telegraph and was a regular contributor to Saga magazine and the Mail on Sunday, as well as ghosting two books.
In 2010 she and her husband, Robin Courage, acquired a nursery near Seaview where they built their new home while launching a successful shop — Made on the Isle of Wight — beside it. She emailed a colleague about the experience as opening day drew near: “Who would have thought that in my Fifties I would be doing an Advanced Food Hygiene course … It is all so scary. How do you decide how many packets of biscuits to buy? Which sort of sausages will our customers prefer? And what is a reasonable commission to take from our artists?”
Last year she got the first Isle of Wight Literary Festival off the ground, injecting much needed life into 19th century Northwood House in Cowes where the festival was held. Before her death she had already lined up an impressive series of speakers for this year’s festival including two former editors of the Telegraph, Sir Max Hastings and Charles Moore.
Serena Elizabeth Allott was born on October 4 1956 in Munster, Westphalia, where her father, Brigadier David Allott, was serving in the 17th/21st Lancers. She had two siblings, her older brother Nick, who is managing director of Cameron Mackintosh Ltd, and her younger sister Lulu. They lived the peripatetic life of an army family until her father was appointed Commandant of the Army Centre at Bovington Camp in Dorset. However in 1969, when she was 12, her father was killed in a tragic accident when two army helicopters collided — both pilots were also killed.
She went to Whispers School in West Dean, Sussex, followed by Eastbourne College where she was head girl, and she then went on to read English at Exeter University.
She is survived by her husband Robin, whom she married in 1990; their two sons, Kit and Caspar, two step-children, Marcus and Camilla, and five step-grandchildren.
Serena Allott, born October 4 1956, died May 24 2013

Guardian:

Simon Jenkins has certainly changed his tune about the effectiveness of popular protest (From Trafalgar to Taksim, the politics of the square puts the wind up power, 12 June). After the large TUC-led march in London in March 2011 he contemptuously argued that demonstrations “are mostly boosts to group morale, childish festivals, obsessions with the media and desperate to cause a genteel nuisance without breaching the law”. Fast forward two years and Jenkins now says: “If the ballot fails and the bullet is lacking, the way to reach a stubborn or corrupt leader remains where it has since Coriolanus – through the language of the street.” On the 1832 Great Reform Act, in 2011 Jenkins was clear “it was in parliament that the great debates of 1831-32 took place”. Two years later he tells us “parliament … still worries, as it did in 1832, over what happens outside”. Will Jenkins will now take heed of freed slave Frederick Douglass’s wise words from 1857: “Power concedes nothing without a demand; it never did and it never will”?
Ian Sinclair
Author, The March That Shook Blair: An Oral History of 15 February 2003

I doubt that David Omand (How to make surveillance both ethical and effective, 12 June) will convince many of the benign intent of the NSA (or GCHQ) in trawling vast amounts of internet traffic from ordinary citizens in the hope that occasionally they will uncover genuine miscreants, including “arms proliferators”. This is rich, since the US is by far the biggest arms proliferator of all. Not only the “official” arms trade, but, for example, in the CIA’s arming of the mujahideen in Afghanistan, from which we are still suffering the blowback. A world where no illegal wars were fomenting hatred, where justice rather than might is right prevailed, would have no need for such intrusions into people’s everyday lives.
Frank Jackson
Harlow, Essex
• One thing I don’t understand about Prism’s supposed secret access to Facebook and Twitter: aren’t these open to all anyway? Couldn’t the spooks just go online and become everybody’s friends, saving them a lot of trouble and expense?
Professor Philip Steadman
University College London

John Pilger notes the catastrophic health effects of war in Iraq (Comment, 26 May), touching on what is a critical global health emergency. Iraq is poisoned by toxic war pollutants. Sterility, repeated miscarriages, stillbirths and severe birth defects are increasing. In March 2013, a high-ranking official at the Ministry of Health in Baghdad discussed an unreleased World Health Organisation report with the BBC. He said: “All studies done by the ministry of health prove with damning evidence that there has been a rise in birth defects and cancers.”
This report by the WHO and Iraqi health ministry was due to be published in November 2012, yet it still hasn’t been released. In response to this delay, 58 scientists, health professionals and human rights advocates recently wrote asking for the immediate release of their report. We requested that this report be released at once. We received no response. The letter was signed by Iraqi, Iranian, Lebanese, Japanese, European, Australian and North American academics and public figures. Why is this important report being held up?
Mozhgan Savabieasfahani
School of public health, University of Michigan
• Phil Shiner’s article about the UK courts’ exposure of abuses of civilians in the Iraq war (An end to brutality, 10 June) notes that “these terrible acts have occupied the attention of the courts for the last decade”. Persistent litigation by dedicated lawyers has cast light into some of the most shameful corners of state activity, such as the murder of Baha Mousa and others who died or were tortured in the custody of British forces. Under proposed “reforms” to legal aid, no such litigation would have been possible, because Baha Mousa and the others would fail the residence test (which will require recipients of legal aid to have been lawfully resident in the UK for a year). Those responsible for these abuses would never have been held accountable. Could these two facts by any chance be related?
Helen Mountfield QC
London
The sudden decision to close the Greek state television and radio company ERT and dismiss up to 3,000 journalists and technicians is the culmination of a series of attacks on free speech. This symbolic move, as the government put it in a non-paper, means that private interests have used the financial crisis as a pretext to destroy the main source of non-partisan information and cultural programming in Greece. Journalists and media professionals all over the world must resist this act of cultural vandalism.
Professor Costas Douzinas Birkbeck College, Professor Joanna Bourke Birkbeck College, Maria Margaronis The Nation, Dr Dimitris Papanikolaou Oxford University
• TUC general secretary Frances O’Grady (Comment, 3 June) advocates “using EU membership to rebuild and rebalance our economy, tackle the crisis in living standards and give our young people a future”. Well, good luck with that. The EU’s Eurostat agency reports average youth unemployment at a staggering 23.5% across the 27 EU member states (24% in the 17-member eurozone). All the signs, so familiar to British trade unionists since the 1980s, of a neoliberal economic experiment destroying good-quality jobs and slashing the social wage in a compulsive hunt for global competitiveness, are there. Far from turning their back on austerity policies, the leaders of the EU last week announced a modest extension of the timescale in which France’s Socialist government must cut public spending, coupled with a requirement for a wholesale scrapping of French legislation that protects workers from hire-and-fire policies.
The answer to chronic unemployment will not be found in the EU, which binds its members into low-wage and deflationary policies through successive treaties from Maastricht to Lisbon that British governments have signed up to without a referendum. Neither does a EU-US free trade agreement offer a break with these policies, but opens Europe’s public services up to US corporations seeking profits from taxpayer funding. The fight against low-wage employment and joblessness requires a fight against EU policies and structures, not collusion in a discredited “European project”.
Alex Gordon
Chair, No2EU – Yes to Democracy Trade Union Advisory Group

Aditya Chakrabortty is wrong when he says we were shown weeks ago the numbers in the TUC-backed report on rail, published last Friday (G2, 11 June). Despite requests to meet the TUC to discuss its figures, we were first given sight of the report a week last Monday when it was already printed and about to be circulated to journalists. If the TUC had given us more advance notice, we could have fed back that we believe its data is used selectively, resulting in a misleading analysis. Britain’s railway has been transformed in the last 15 years, thanks to the public and private sectors working successfully together to deliver for passengers and taxpayers.
Michael Roberts
Chief executive, the Association of Train Operating Companies
• According to the Institute of Fiscal Studies Britain is in “the longest and deepest slump in a century” (Report, 12 June). Are we now allowed at last to use the word “depression” instead of the innocuous “recession” (defined by the Chambers Dictionary as “a slight temporary decline in a country’s trade”)?
Andrew Green
Swansea
• Happily, the Suffolk town of Aldeburgh does a better job of remembering Millicent Garrett Fawcett than does Cambridge (Letters, 10 June). The plaque on the wall of Uplands reads: “Leader of the women’s suffrage movement Millicent Fawcett 1847-1929 was born here”. And immediately above it, her sister Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (Britain’s first female mayor and the first woman to qualify as a physician) is also remembered.
Tony Green
Ipswich, Suffolk
• How many “last-remaining wildernesses” are there? I seem to keep reading about new ones (Letters, 12 June).
Joseph Cocker
Leominster, Herefordshire
• Hardly a days goes by when we don’t learn of yet another sportsperson “picking up” an injury. You would have  thought that after all this time they would have learnt to leave the damn things alone!
Joy Lamb

Your criticisms (Editorial, 12 June) of Michael Gove’s reactionary “reforms” of GCSEs are fair enough – although making the exam more dependent upon short-term recall will do nothing to address the problem of grade inflation – but you fail to consider the more pertinent question of why Britain persists in spending a small fortune on public examinations which have long outlived their purpose. Britain’s 16-plus examinations were designed for a time – long since gone – when most pupils left school at 16 and went into employment. With the majority of pupils now remaining in education, the GCSE is redundant.
Gove’s argument that his reforms are essential to make our system “world-class” is ludicrous. No system of education which is driven by the exigencies of high-stakes exams can ever be world-class. What characterises those systems that really can be described in this way is not a set of hopelessly outdated exams, but a highly educated and highly trained teaching force – something which Gove is extremely unlikely to create. Like the rest of his idiotic policies, these “reforms” will merely take us back to the 1950s, where, mentally at least, Gove appears to dwell.
Michael Pyke
Shenstone, Staffordshire
• Gove’s proposals (No coursework, more Shakespeare, 12 June) take me back to the heady 60s, when I was training to be a teacher. I read studies about the effect of streaming, of the failure to develop pupils’ creative talents and of their lack of interest in schoolwork.
One of the impulses behind the development of coursework, in CSE, then GCE and then in GCSE, was to find ways of giving pupils more control over their work, and more enthusiasm for it. Marking and moderation was always complex, but so too was the assessment of terminal exams. 
Politicians can argue about whether or not Gove will deliver the extra rigour he desires, and it’s far from certain that the examination system will provide consistent, reliable results. What is predictable, though, is the impact on styles of learning. More teacher dictation, less initiative; no room for groupwork, choices or innovation, and lots of time devoted to examination technique. For many pupils, this will amount to pointless repetition and certain failure. Maybe that’s the survival of the fittest and most rigorous, but it’s a pattern we’ve tried before, and it’s not one whose return we should welcome.
Paul Francis
Much Wenlock, Shropshire
•  Neuroscientific research clearly indicates a need to nurture a wide variety of individual learning styles in order to achieve the maximum potential of all young learners. As parent of three neuro-atypical young people, until recently described as “dyslexic”, I strongly oppose Gove’s shallow and hasty proposals for inflexible exam-based learning, which will deprive our country of significant intellectual contributions.
My oldest gained a first-class degree; the second, with an MA, is a national journalist; the youngest is progressing well on a history degree. None of them would have achieved their intellectual or performance potential without flexibility from empowered teachers, hard work and an exam systems that offer equal opportunities.
Name and address supplied
• What still underpins Gove’s thinking is the belief that education should be based on the “three Rs – reading, remembering and regurgitating”. However, for many educationalists, the three Rs stand for something quite different: “reading, reflecting and responding”. If we are to equip students “to win in the global race” what 21st-century society needs are independent critical thinkers, not parrots.
Dr Brian Lighthill
Shipston-on-Stour, Warwickshire
• Dumbing down our exam system by abolishing the rigour of modules and coursework will damage the life chances of our young people, undermine excellence and damage our economy.
Modularity brings out specialists, with a passion for a subject. This is essential to support UK research and development. Clearly, Gove has not consulted any universities, else he will have discovered that undergraduate courses are taught using a modular approach.
Coursework is rigorous, and requires students to deliver throughout their training and learning period. Simply regurgitating facts in a two-hour exam is insufficient to demonstrate true understanding of a topic, and the ability to apply that learning.
Eric Goodyer
Colsterworth, Lincolnshire
• Without coursework I would have failed all my GCSEs, and Gove’s plans will end up excluding students with dyslexia and other learning difficulties. They will end up with nothing, and will probably not even bother to go to college (if they get in with this new grading system). The government needs to look at the bigger picture, with 20% of children in UK leaving school unable to read properly, and 10% of children of all social groups having dyslexia. The government will end up alienating a lot of children.
Children and teenagers with learning difficulties such as dyslexia do better with coursework. I know first-hand how exams can ruin your grade more dramatically than coursework. If GCSEs were graded like this when I was in high school I wouldn’t be where I am today – finishing my first year at university studying hospitality management.
Hope Barnes
Blackburn, Lancashire
• A former Conservative secretary of state for education, Keith Joseph, was known in some quarters as “the mad monk”. And yet he built a broad consensus in support of a new exam system for 16-year-olds – the GCSE – to meet the needs both of individual students and of the economy. Has his successor, Michael Gove, learned nothing from history?
Richard Daugherty
Swansea
• Diane Abbott effusively endorsing Michael Gove’s latest plans is presumably the same MP who sent her son to the City of London School in 2003, “because he wanted to go private”? 
Fr Alec Mitchell
Manchester
• Our obsession with testing reminds me of Virginia Woolf, and the lecture she gave at Girton College, Cambridge in 1928, which grew into her famous essay, A Room of One’s Own. “I do not believe that gifts” she said, “whether of mind or character, can be weighted like sugar and butter”. Sadly, Gove’s proposals appear to show great faith in the ability of a final exam-based system to accurately take the measure of a person.
Jessica Kilburn
London

Aquaculture alone can’t solve Africa’s fishing crisis, just as growing cattle alone can’t solve the problem of the hunger and protein deficiency.
You still have to feed the fish something, and as of yet humanity has not progressed enough to understand how to build the infrastructure necessary to do it on an industrial scale, without being destructive.
Aquaculture does not have enough of established infrastructure to truly hold its own, when it logically should be able to.
Considering two-thirds of Earth is covered in water, what is keeping us from growing enough algae and seaweed to use as feed for fish? The fish feed currently used on an industrial scale is degraded and polluted, and contributes heavily to the environmental resource drain. Similarly, for the shale oil scheme more energy is spent extracting shale oil than the oil that is extracted has within it. More money is spent on feeding fish than the value of the fish themselves.
Anonymous
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We consider that the Government’s approach to the teaching of history, as outlined both in statements made by the Education Secretary and the Prime Minister, and in the draft history curriculum, runs contrary to the statutory duties set out in the Education Acts of 1996 and 2002.
The 1996 Act, Section 406 states: “The local education authority, governing body and head teacher shall forbid… the promotion of partisan political views in the teaching of any subject in the school.” The Act of 2002 at Sections 78 and 79 requires the Secretary of State, local education authorities, governing bodies and head teachers to secure a “balanced and broadly based curriculum”.
In defiance of these legal obligations, the Government’s attitude to the teaching of history is underpinned by an unbalanced promotion of partisan political views. The Education Secretary has gone on record stating that the purpose of the changes which he proposes is to make history teaching “celebrate the distinguished role of these islands in the history of the world” and to portray Britain as “a beacon of liberty for others to emulate”. He spoke in Parliament of history lessons which focused on “British heroes and heroines”. The Prime Minister has referred to the teaching of “our island story in all its glory”.
The draft curriculum document reflects this unbalanced national triumphalism. This is evident in the emphasis which it places on “how Britain influenced the world” (to the exclusion of the reverse) and on the importance of “the concept of nation and of a nation’s history” – second in the list of concepts required to be imparted to five- to seven-year-old infants. It is also evident in more subtle ways such as its handling of slavery, which is not mentioned as part of “the development of a modern economy” and which is listed elsewhere as “the slave trade and the abolition of slavery”, implicitly giving equal weight to the two.
Given that the new history curriculum has been widely criticised for its Anglocentric focus, in its marginalising of the role of women and non-white ethnic groups, and its wholesale failure to reflect the views of those appointed originally to advise the Government, it falls well short of the requirement to be “balanced and broadly based”. The presence in the draft curriculum of the occasional individual such as Mary Seacole, herself a late addition to it, has rightly been described as a “garnishing of tokenism” by an original adviser to the Education Secretary on the history curriculum, Professor Simon Schama.
The Department for Education has not made a serious attempt to refute or to address the charge of political bias and the Education Secretary has given further evidence of his political partisanship by frequently branding his critics “Marxists” and “lefties”, a clear indication of his determination to exclude one end of the political spectrum.
We therefore consider that there are strong grounds for believing that this curriculum, should it be implemented, and any further changes to the teaching of history which seek to impose a political bias or flout the requirement for breadth and balance would be unlawful.
Robert Evans, Regius Professor of History Emeritus, University of Oxford
Jonathan Hart, Head of History, Dinnington Comprehensive School
Guy Halsall, Professor of History, University of York
Stephen Hodkinson, Professor of Ancient History, University of Nottingham
Matt Houlbrook, Tutorial Fellow and Lecturer in Modern British History, Magdalen College, Oxford
Angela Piccini, Dr/Senior Lecturer, University of Bristol
David Priestland, University Lecturer in Modern History, Fellow of St Edmund Hall, Oxford
Eric Rosenthal, Head of History,  Slough Grammar School
Professor Richard Toye, University of Exeter
Alex Woolf, Senior Lecturer in History, University of St Andrews
and more than 100 others
GM crops are not a silver bullet for agronomic woes
Tom Bawden notes that 61 per cent of UK farmers would like to grow GM crops (report, 12 June). This is hardly surprising, given the many promises made that GM crops will provide a silver bullet to solve all their agronomic woes. The reality, as borne out by around 10 years of growing in the US, is quite different.
Farmers are finding the use of the two GM crop traits (herbicide tolerance and insect resistance) overwhelmingly used are now causing huge problems in pest and disease resistance. In the meantime, they are locked into the GM system, partly through lack of availability and higher cost of non-GM seed because of the domination of the industry by just four corporations.
Other innovative breeding techniques are suffering from lack of funding as good money is thrown after bad for the promise of alleged GM advantages which have not been achieved. The UK should not look to pursue outdated and out-of-touch GM technology but should instead focus on agroecological systems which produce good yields of crops with far lower inputs of fossil-fuel-based and mined fertilisers, growing crops with 80 per cent lower greenhouse gas emissions, and producing food with higher animal welfare, lower pollution, and with more wildlife and jobs on farms.
Emma Hockridge, Head of Policy, Soil Association, Bristol
I am surprised at your leading article giving blanket support for GSM foods in Europe (12 June). The science is still far from complete. 
Capitalism is poor at assessing and pricing risk – greed creates optimism. There are indirect risks that sweeping changes in agriculture can bring, such as reliance on monoculture. I would far rather a blanket ban than gung-ho support.
Jon Hawksley, London EC1
A coach full of drunks: perfect
On top of the arguments that Josh Barrie sets out about the “motorway pub” (Report, 5 June) there is also the issue of “coach parties” which are a main intended customer group.
When I heard a Wetherspoon’s representative mention this (on BBC News), I immediately recalled the account of a coach-driving friend who told of how a drunken wedding party that he had picked up from north London started fighting among themselves, wrecked the coach and needed to be dragged off by the police. So, even if the coach driver is sober, having a horde of screaming drunks in your vehicle turns that vehicle into 20 tons of lethal, unpredictable weapon.
You have to wonder how the authorities arrive at these decisions, but the answer isn’t too difficult to guess: it all comes down to the lobby power of the “profit hunters”.
Alan Searle, London CR4
Of course Boots pays sales tax
I am delighted to hear that Alliance Boots pays its taxes (letter, 3 June). However, it is misleading to say they pay sales and other taxes.
I shopped at Boots today and paid for my goods, which included VAT. Boots merely collect it and then pass it on to HMRC. They can avoid paying employer’s National Insurance only by not employing staff. Alliance Boots is obliged to pay property tax or not register its leases.
So the only realistically avoidable tax is corporation tax. While I’m pleased they have paid £64m corporation tax, they should not be allowed to claim credit for paying other taxes which in reality are merely collected by them on behalf of HMRC.
Rod Findlay, Newcastle upon Tyne
What about the working fathers?
So a study has found that children’s academic performance is not harmed if their mothers work in their early years (report, 11 June). Would a “comprehensive” study not also investigate the link between children’s academic performance and fathers who go out to work? It seems that, just days after the Centre for Social Justice report highlighted the growth of fatherless families and “men deserts”, we still expect only mothers to care for children.
Peter McKenna, Liverpool
Shame on the middle-lane hogs
I have been astonished by the defences of middle-lane hogging (Letters, 12 June) which, incidentally, rarely happens in France and Germany. Although people have claimed that lane-changing increases risk, it makes motorway travel a lot less monotonous (there is always the danger of switching to auto-pilot) and reduces the likelihood of frustrated drivers “undertaking”.
Gill Learner, Reading
All you defenders of middle-lane hogging, when you join a motorway behind one vast haulier in the otherwise deserted inner lane, but can’t overtake it because of the middle-lane hoggers endlessly nose-to-tail – do you ever have second thoughts?
Yvonne Ruge, London N20
Often provoked by middle-lane hoggers those who overtake on the inside commit a worse offence. Can we see this illegal commonplace discouraged?
Tom Hickmore, Brighton
Syrian crisis
If our Prime Minister’s favoured option is for the UK to supply arms to either side in the Syrian War he is taking sides and joining the war.
If he really does want us all to join in this war, would he first please provide us with full and honest information justifying doing so on our behalf ? To date, he does not have the mandate to commit us to such an expensive and time-unlimited extreme action.
Andy Turney, Dorchester, Dorset
Spies spy shock
The stated mission of the US National Security Agency is to “collect (including through clandestine means), process, analyse, produce, and disseminate signals intelligence information and data”.
What a shock to discover that a government department is doing exactly what it is supposed to do.
Dr John Doherty, Stratford-upon-Avon
Female musicians
Thank goodness The Independent was able to furnish its story “So why do all female classical musicians have to be thin and sexy?? (11 June) with a photograph of, er, a thin and sexy female classical musician. Otherwise we wouldn’t have had a clue what all the fuss was about, would we?
Michael O’Hare, Northwood,  Middlese

Times:

Using Finland as a model; reforming the marking system; testing ability under pressure; and making more use of the IGCSE
Sir, Michael Gove (Opinion, June 11) often cites the success of Finland in international league tables as something we should seek to emulate. Finnish education is different from ours in many respects and one that Mr Gove must be aware of is that in Finnish schools there are no external tests until students are about to complete their upper secondary education and enter for the matriculation examination.
Instead of tinkering with GCSEs, Mr Gove should initiate discussions on how to abolish them and how to turn A levels into a leaving examination suited to the future needs of all young people who will soon be required to stay in some form of education until they are 18. He often says that we have the best generation of teachers ever: he should listen to them and trust them.
Michael Bassey
Emeritus Professor of Education
Nottingham Trent University
Sir, Why is no one reconsidering reforming the basis of the marking system by restoring relative grading?
This well-recognised aspect of the old O (and A) level system, where only a predetermined percentage of competing candidates received any particular grade, did what exams are intended to do — ranked students against their peers. Grade inflation could only exist in that system by design — by increasing the designated percentage of candidates who received each grade.
We can discuss the content and style of the course and exams till the cows come home. But if the present marking system is preserved, such that a huge and increasing proportion of students end up receiving top grades, then whatever the new exam that emerges from this debate, it will continue to mislead candidates and bemuse employers.
Peter Marcus
Leeds
Sir, Terminal examinations do not only test a student’s ability to memorise and regurgitate facts. They also test a child’s ability to think and perform under pressure which is an important life skill. I think that it is useful for both the child and anyone to whom exam results are relevant to know whether they have that ability or not.
Sarah Haffner
Finchley, North London
Sir, Sir Keith Joseph introduced the GCSE because the old O-level system was patently failing: literally. Its aim was to pass 20 per cent of students in the country (and therefore fail the remainder). Mr Gove’s reforms will do nothing to help the poorest in our country: they will only increase the grade inflation of private schools.
All teachers want to improve the success of their students. This is not done by rubbishing their work.
Tom Barnes
London N19
Sir, Can it be that Michael Gove is unaware of the existence of the (international) IGCSE examination? Used since 1985 in many of the top schools in this country and worldwide, this rigorous alternative involves no coursework and closely resembles the O levels sat by my generation 30 years ago.
As the parent of a teenager currently sitting IGCSEs, I have been surprised and impressed by the depth and detail of my son’s studies. IGCSEs will leave him well-equipped to enter the sixth form.
Why reinvent the wheel when a durable, all-terrain version already exists?
Miriam Hutchinson
Crowthorne, Berks

Access to justice and maintenance of the rule of law must be a top priority for the president of Colombia at this difficult time
Sir, While Colombia’s President Santos visited London last week, lawyers in his homeland continued to face bullets and bomb threats. Six lawyers were killed between January 24 and March 21 this year; 4,400 lawyers were threatened, attacked and killed between 2002 and 2012, according to a document prepared by the prosecution service and given to a delegation of British lawyers who visited Colombia in August 2012.
There are measures that can protect lawyers, such as bodyguards and bullet-proof cars or the presence of Peace Brigades International volunteers. Were the Colombian state to change its attitudes towards the legal profession, this would also help.
We appeal to President Santos to provide a lead. We implore him to speak out and praise the work of the legal profession in preserving access to justice, maintaining the rule of law and protecting human rights. Such a move would add momentum to the steps Colombia is taking to end conflict.
Lucy Scott Moncrieff, President of the Law Society of England and Wales; Professor Sara Chandler, Chair of the Law Society Human Rights Committee; Lord Gifford, QC; Sir Geoffrey Bindman; Sir Henry Brooke; Sir Peter Roth; Sir Stephen Sedley; Mark Durhan, MP; Sandra Osborne, MP; Michael Brindle, QC; Mark Cunningham, QC; Stephen Grosz, QC (Hon); Richard Hermer, QC; Stephen Hockman, QC; Rock Tansey, QC; Michael Smyth, CBE, Alliance for Lawyers at Risk; Dr Silvia Borelli, Alliance for Lawyers at Risk; Maya Lester, Alliance for Lawyers at Risk; Lionel Blackman, Chair Solicitors International Human Rights Group; Dr Andy Higginbottom, Colombia Solidarity Campaign; Richard Solly, Colombia Solidarity Campaign; Juliya Arbisman, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Courtenay Barklem, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Marjon Esfandiary, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Shanti Faiia, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Tony Fisher, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Malcolm Fowler, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Alastair Logan, OBE, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Glyn Maddocks, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Dr Amrita Mukherjee, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Anthony Robinson, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Roger Sahota, Law Society Human Rights Committee; Siobhan Lloyd, I Mitre Court Buildings; Gwawr Thomas, I Mitre Court Buildings; Tim Potter, Colombian Caravana 2008; Peter Burbidge, Director Colombian Caravana; Jeffrey Forrest, Director Colombian Caravana; Charlotte Gill, Director Colombian Caravana; Camilla Graham Wood, Director Colombian Caravana; Ole Hansen, Director Colombian Caravana; David Palmer, Director Colombian Caravana; Sue Willman, Director Colombian Caravana; Alexandra Zernova, Director Colombian Caravana; Mariela Kohon, Justice for Colombia; Peter Weiss, Alliance for Lawyers at Risk; Professor Bill Bowring, President, European Lawyers for Democracy and Human Rights

Rosalind Franklin showed that DNA could exist in two forms, one with a clearer helical structure than the other, and she concentrated on that
Sir, Your report of Dr James Watson’s talk at the Cheltenham Science Festival (times 2, June 10) includes such an extraordinary attack on my sister, Rosalind Franklin, that I feel I must reply.
Watson accepts the importance of the Franklin data, but accuses Rosalind of sitting on her data for eight months without understanding its significance. “I thought she shouldn’t get a prize for being wrong, stubborn and not getting the answer.”
First, the Nobel Prizes for the DNA work were awarded in 1962, four years after Rosalind’s death, so there was never a question of her inclusion.
Second, Rosalind had shown that, depending on the water content, DNA could exist in two forms — a drier and more crystalline form “A” that gave diffraction patterns of great clarity, but which did not obviously point to a helical structure, and a wetter “B” form that was less clear, but which did suggest a helical structure.
Because the “A” form gave clearer diffraction patterns she concentrated first on that form — with hindsight that was a mistaken decision. But a letter (discovered in 2010) written by Francis Crick to Maurice Wilkins in June 1953 suggests that, in Rosalind’s situation, Crick might have taken the same decision: “This is the first time I have had an opportunity for a detailed study of the picture of Structure A, and I must say I am glad I didn’t see it earlier, as it would have worried me considerably.”
Jenifer Glynn
Cambridge

If there is a suspicion that someone is a terrorist, isn’t it better to find out without their knowledge, rather than lock them up?
Sir, In the event of the intelligence services receiving information that I am a terrorist, they have two options:
They bring me in for questioning. After several hours (or days or weeks) they decide I am innocent and release me. The trauma affects me for the rest of my life and I am never certain that they believe I am innocent.
Or, they covertly read my e-mails and texts and monitor my telephone calls. After a period, they decide I am innocent. I am totally unaware that this has happened and carry on with my normal existence.
I know which option I would prefer.
Philip Lever
Welwyn Garden City, Herts

The sun setting in the east is not the only licence that Turner took — the Temeraire’s masts and spars would have already been stored
Sir, Ron Wood (letter, June 11) considers that Turner has painted a sunrise in his painting The Fighting Temeraire. As an artist, I can assure him that the colours are those of a sunset.
In fact Turner was forever adjusting a scene to create a better painting. In this case Turner wanted to depict the passing of sail and emphasised the fact by making the Temeraire the focus of his painting, not the tug. Because he wanted some vertical strength to his painting the ship is shown with all her masts and spars in place, but being very valuable items they would have already been warehoused at Sheerness along with her guns etc. In addition two tugs, not one, had pulled the hulk up the Thames.
The juxtaposition of the crescent Moon shown at top left with the Sun indicates a sunset. He wanted a setting Sun as an eloquent metaphor and backdrop to his magnificent depiction of the passing of sail. Turner records that he witnessed the event from Deptford, and thus he had to depict his Sun setting in the East. This was of no concern to him. He was above all creating a painting. It is called artistic licence.
David Diplock
Hove, E Sussex

Telegraph:

SIR – How sad to read that Greene King is removing historic pub signs in favour of what they’ve called “Flame Grill” and “Meet and Eat” designs (“Brewing giant sparks fury as it scraps 200 historic pub signs”, report, June 8).
The pictorial pub sign was the number one “icon of England” in a Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) survey a couple of years ago. Pub signs were championed in our poll by Sebastian Faulks, who described them as looking “like cards from a wooden tarot pack – optical extravagances, creakily offering delight, escape and risk”.
Greene King may want to run anywhere pubs in anywhere places, but I doubt their new signs will feature in any future survey of the country’s icons.
Shaun Spiers
Chief Executive, CPRE
London SE1

SIR – Surely an expensive visit to Washington by British MPs to try to discover if American spies have been snooping on Britons’ emails (report, June 8) is a waste of money and time? All advanced countries are almost certainly spying on the communications traffic of any country they wish to target. Our MPs would be better employed in working with our intelligence agencies to prevent such tactics being used against us by any country, organisation or individual.
There have been numerous reports recently that Chinese industrial espionage agents have been hacking into the computer systems of British companies and Government departments. Who can doubt that they have not also been having a peep at the personal and sensitive data of our nation’s leaders? British MPs could make a start by looking at the Far Eastern threats rather than quizzing our “special relationship” partner.
Ron Kirby
Dorchester, Dorset
SIR – The stated mission of the US National Security Agency is to “Collect (including through clandestine means), process, analyse, produce and disseminate signals intelligence information and data”.
What a shock to discover that a government department is doing exactly what it is supposed to do.
Related Articles
The pictorial pub sign is an English delight
12 Jun 2013
Dr John Doherty
Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire
SIR – Edward Snowden’s disturbing revelations should concern us all. Our right to privacy is a democratic principle.
However, I trust David Cameron to protect that right and the balance between necessary surveillance of suspected terrorist activity and our basic freedoms. What I don’t want to see are the likes of Julian Assange exploiting the issue.
Dominic Shelmerdine
London W8
SIR – During the Sixties, when my job involved working in Soviet bloc countries, whenever I asked officials why they insisted on so much surveillance, their answer was: “If they are doing nothing wrong, they have nothing to fear”. Now in this country I hear a Tory Foreign Secretary, William Hague, saying the same thing.
Brian Christley
Abergele. Denbighshire
SIR – William Hague’s comments do not fill me with confidence. Parliament is sovereign in this country; it can criminalise things that were formerly lawful and make lawful things that were formerly criminal.
I might be “law-abiding” just now, but who can tell what Parliament and Brussels might do in the future?
M J Tuck
Nantyderry, Monmouthshire
SIR – Why all this fuss over privacy? Surely it’s better to surrender some, to prevent trains or planes being blown up?
Brian Foster
Shrivenham, Oxfordshire
Troops to teachers
SIR – Phil Willcock’s letter on re-training troops to become teachers (June 10) asks how the Government could propose to allow our children to be taught by former servicemen who didn’t meet its own training and academic requirements.
I should remind him that some 85 per cent of officers have a first degree, that nearly all middle-ranking officers acquire master’s degrees while in service, that many of the more junior ranks have bachelor degrees and that the Government’s proposal includes one year’s training for graduates, which is exactly the same as a full-time postgraduate certificate in education. Moreover, all servicemen or women have undergone a great deal of professional development throughout their careers, in many cases far in excess of that available to the mainstream teaching profession.
Philip Barry
Dover, Kent
SIR – Organisational talent, which is second nature to servicemen, is a valuable asset in the school environment, as is credibility among the student contingent (“Wow, have you been to war, Sir?”). In a profession that traditionally resists outsiders, however, the challenge to the
ex-serviceman will come not from the classroom, but from the staffroom.
Jeremy I Burnan
Farnborough, Hampshire
Cancer screening
SIR – As a postgraduate medical student in 1988, I remember writing that if the Forrest Report was read correctly, there was not sufficient evidence to support a mass screening programme for breast cancer, although there was for a bowel and prostate cancer screening programme.
This was unpopular as a view because breast cancer is such an emotive issue. But it was readily justifiable in scientific terms. Had we used science instead of emotions to decide upon this programme, thousands more lives would have been saved.
Richard Scott-Watson FRCS(Ed)
Stanford in the Vale, Oxfordshire
Waiting to donate
SIR – I have been donating blood for decades, and have 46 donations to my name. It was with some sadness, therefore, that a few months ago I wrote to the NHS Blood and Transplant Service to tell them to remove my name from their list (“Blood plea as donors drop”, report, June 10).
The service introduced appointments some while back, which were trumpeted as making their system more user-friendly. The result was no improvement in waiting times, which continued to lengthen. I wrote a couple of letters to complain and received the usual formulaic responses. After waiting for over half an hour on the last occasion, I finally lost patience.
Donors come with purely altruistic motives, and they deserve better treatment.
Simon Rutter
Addlestone, Surrey
Schools of rock
SIR – In his review of David Kynaston’s latest book on post-war history (Comment, June 10), Charles Moore says that “the grammar school was not the only passport to success”, pointing out that David Jones (later David Bowie) opted to remain at Bromley Technical College rather than going to his local grammar.
Mick Jagger, on the other hand, did the opposite, transferring from his local technical college to Dartford Grammar School – and he didn’t have to change his name to achieve international success.
Bob Clough-Parker
Chester
Poetry of war
SIR – The war poets’ view of the First World War as a futile disaster (“How should we remember?”, Comment, June 10) is based on the very selective interpretation of soldier-poets’ work that began to be promulgated by Siegfried Sassoon between the wars. As The Daily Telegraph pointed out in 1917, writing poetry was common during the war: “Guardsmen wrote sonnets, privates composed odes.” Many of these poems celebrate comradeship, patriotism and heroism, giving a far wider range of views of the war and life in the trenches. There are even some wonderful humorous verses.
A valuable contribution to the First World War commemoration might be the re-publication of some of these poems to give a more balanced view of the war.
Gordon Le Pard
Dorchester, Dorset
SIR – Our local branch of the Royal British Legion is leaving the controversies to the historians and concentrating on the stories of the local men – from farm workers to professional soldiers – who fought and died in the conflict. We have set up a website and gathered information and photographs of the fallen from Chipping Norton Museum and other sources.
Steve Kingsford
Lower Tadmarton, Oxfordshire
SIR – The First World War was the result of economic and colonial rivalry, of inflated militarism and the lack of any international arbitration system.
Our country, like others, treated with private derision Tsar Nicholas’s call for a peace and a reduction of armaments conference. Even after the war had started, those who called for a truce, such as Pope Benedict XV, were insulted.
If half the money to be spent on trips to France for schoolchildren were spent on a proper programme of peace education we would get more value for money.
Bruce Kent
London N4
Truth or Dare?
SIR – I have long been a fan of Dan Dare, pilot of the future, who blazed his way into my young mind in the Fifties, courtesy of the Eagle comic. I have tried to live up to his ideals and rather fancied that I looked a bit like him.
Imagine my horror upon looking in a mirror the other day to see that I had turned into Digby, his faithful but jowly batman.
John Charles Thomas
North Cheam, Surrey
Good composing is more than a tuneful melody
SIR – Peter Daggett (Letters, June 10) makes a mistake common among the listening public: that of equating “I don’t like this person’s music” with “He is a lousy composer/performer”.
To dismiss Britten’s music as a “cacophony” is a grotesque judgment. Britten was the composer who single-handedly put English opera back on the map after the war with Peter Grimes. He set a standard of both composition and performance that has brought British artists to the international front rank.
Britten was not a composer who dwelt in some ivory tower of elitism; he regarded it as the duty of an artist to serve the community with purpose-written commissions, which he created on many occasions. It should be remembered that a composer’s talent does not necessarily lie in a gift for melody. Real compositional ability goes a lot deeper.
Robert Tapsfield
Kingsdown, Kent
SIR – I sing in a choir in Exeter and I dread it when Britten’s music is included in a concert. All of Mozart, Handel, Bach and Beethoven’s music is glorious – but only some of Britten’s is good.
Nick Toyne
Exeter, Devon
SIR – Peter Daggett should try listening to Britten’s Serenade for Tenor, Horn and Strings, one of the most gloriously “tuneful” works of the 20th century. Whenever I hear it, I don’t just whistle the tunes afterwards; they won’t leave my mind for days.
Geoffrey Nobes
Locks Heath, Hampshire
SIR – I read somewhere that Britten described Brahms as “bad”. I am a devotee of Brahms. Does that make me or Britten a philistine?
Felicity Ogilvy
Bruton, Somerset

Irish Times:

Sir, – Many additional study hours have been put into the Project Maths Leaving Cert honours course over the past two years by our daughter.
A vast amount of additional supports have been put in by us her parents and her dedicated teachers. “Double check all your answers, accuracy is key in maths” – a few last-minute words of simple advice given on Monday as she went on her way. Such a pity that the Department of Education didn’t double check the questions, a simple formula surely. It doesn’t add up I’m afraid! – Yours, etc,
DOROTHY MAHER,
Rosbrien,
Co Limerick.
Sir, – Another year, another kerfuffle involving leaving certificate mathematics. It is not a problem with the syllabus content or the teachers, or something intrinsic to Project Maths. Rather the problem is that the State Examinations Commission seems to be unwilling or unaware of the particular difficulties involved in writing mathematics examinations. How could this be? Haven’t they been setting maths exams for decades? True enough, but one of consequences of the new style of questions, that are typically more verbose than in previous years, is that the scope for error is greater. This is especially true when the questions are no longer essentially the same from year to year, and therefore no longer “write themselves”, so to speak. Both of these stylistic changes are to be applauded, in my opinion. However, because of the particular nature of mathematics, these new “Project Maths style” questions necessitate an extremely rigourous quality assurance process for the written materials supporting the syllabus changes.
The examination papers are only the most publicly visible part of the problem.
Having perused the official syllabus descriptions, it is clear that the rigour and precision necessary in any published mathematical document are, with a few notable exceptions, absent in the syllabus descriptions as well. I believe one reason we have come to this sorry state is that to a large extent, third-level mathematicians are not properly and accountably involved in the process of writing and checking these documents.
To be sure some university academics have been involved, but by and large the process is secretive and there is lack of public accountability for the content of syllabi and examinations.
On any university examination in mathematics (or indeed any other subject), there will be a list of examiners at the top of the examination paper who are subject matter experts and who must stand over the content of the examination paper and are held accountable for any errors therein. These examiners are typically professional mathematicians who have a lot of experience with the process and requirements of publishing a mathematical document. These same people should be publicly involved in the publication of both syllabi and examination papers for Irish second-level mathematics. If that were the case then errors such as the ones we have seen this week would be less frequent and students and teachers would benefit from higher quality literature to support their efforts. – Yours, etc,
JAMES CRUICKSHANK,
School of Mathematics,

Sir, – Central Bank Governor, Patrick Honohan (Business, May 24th) stated among other things that “repossession is an available option for the lender. It would be unwise to imagine otherwise”.
Prof Honohan is of course correct, but it seems to have been forgotten that the level of (Irish) arrears is a direct consequence of the outlandish lending policies of the banks in the boom period and the lax regulation policies of the Central Bank and the Financial Regulator, including the non-intervention of the (then) government. Not one of the bankers, regulators or politicians who brought about this dreadful situation have been brought to the courts to account for their misdeeds by the current Government. Indeed, it would appear that they are unlikely to have to do so any time in the future. The banks, in comparison, have been rescued by the taxpayer to the tune of many billions, and the individuals who caused this debacle have been allowed to go unpunished into a very comfortable retirement while thousands of Irish citizens are either without employment or have emigrated to foreign lands.
What a disgraceful and shameful situation. Are the current members of the Dáil going to allow this to continue . . . until, they too, embrace a comfortable retirement? – Yours, etc,
HC HARRISON,
Professor Emeritus,

Sir, – Recent adverse publicity about the role of Irish universities in training students from countries with questionable human rights records has surprised me.
Surely the only way we will ever bring about a world that respects human rights is to educate people from those countries, and hopefully, in time, education will result in greater respect by all people for all people.
Educated people, above all, should know this, and are the last people who should advocate cutting off a high quality Irish education for the young people of those countries.
I wish to applaud the NUI and the RCSI for their continuing commitment to education both at home and internationally, and I hope that in the long term their efforts will result in greater human rights for everybody. – Yours, etc,
SEAN O’SULLIVAN,

Sir, – Fintan O’Toole, a columnist I have always admired, should know better than anyone what prejudice and stereotyping are– the application to an entire group of people of a set of pre-conceived ideas about their presumed attitudes, behaviour or values.
His angry, bigoted rant about cyclists (Opinion, June 11th) tars us all with the same brush. He would be the last person to generalise about Travellers, or white Irish people, or immigrants. Why is it alright to do it, and in such intemperate terms, against cyclists?
I am a life-long cyclist, who does not cycle on pavements. I take personal exception to the hurtful, unreasonable and prejudicial terms of this article and to the assumption that “we are all the same”. There are bad cyclists, bad drivers, even bad pedestrians. As it happens only motorists are in possession of a lethal machine (and I drive myself), but I would not dream of describing all motorists in the kind of terms used here.
It is not acceptable to write like this about any group in society. When one considers the statistics for the number of cyclists killed or seriously injured every year on Irish roads, many through no fault of their own, such language comes dangerously close to fostering a climate of indifference or even intolerance. – Yours, etc,
PIARAS Mac ÉINRÍ,

Sir, – The Question 8 in Paper II (Leaving Cert higher level maths) was unanswerable, and hence all students will be given full marks. This guarantees all those who sat the paper an extra five points which, with the bonus marks now available for an honour in higher level, could even correspond to a gain of 30 points for some students. However, despite this seemingly good news for students, there are two points I would like to raise.
First, students were supposed to spend approximately 15 minutes on this question. How many spent significantly longer, in an attempt to solve a problem with no solution, and were left unable to finish the rest of the paper due to this time was ted? Second, seeing such a question, and trying to decipher it could certainly cause students to panic, and unsettle them enough to affect their performance in the rest of the paper.
It seems inconceivable such a mistake could be made, as surely countless checks and rechecks of the paper are carried out before it is issued. It seems a horrendous oversight by the Department of Education, and one which is completely unacceptable.
We can only hope that only a minority of students suffered from their problems raised above, but I fear that that may not be the case. – Yours, etc,
DONNACHA BOLGER,

Irish Independent:
* What do the phrases “promises are made to be broken”, “bursting the bubble” and “raining cats and dogs” have in common?
Also in this section
Another great idea from Leinster House
Seanad bill poses a threat to our democracy
Labour lapdog to Fine Gael whims
While the nation’s cultural love-in this week will focus on Sunday, June 16, where the scatological and the vegetable (sh**e and onions) will compete with palates that appreciate the “tang of faintly scented urine”, as the intelligentsia gaze across the “snot green sea”, spare a thought (and a chuckle or two) for the originator of the above well-worn phrases, who on Sunday, June 13, 1713, ascended to the Deanery of St Patrick’s Cathedral.
Jonathan Swift coined the phrase ‘bubble’ in relation to stock that far exceeded its economic value when he penned ‘The Bubble: a Poem’ (December 1720) in response to the notorious South Sea Company scandal, where many who had invested their livelihoods in shares lost the lot when the “bubble burst”.
The following year, Swift wrote ‘The Wonderful Wonder of Wonders’, a piercing satire on the formation of the National Bank in Ireland.
When we Irish are not talking about the state of the economy or berating our politicians, we return to our other favourite topic, the weather. In 1710, Swift wrote ‘Description of a City Shower’. His paean to an impending deluge started thus: “Careful observers may foretell the hour/(By sure prognostics) when to dread a shower.” And then he reveals the identity of his weather forecaster: “While rain depends, the pensive cat gives o’er her frolics, and pursues her tail no more.”
He memorably characterised the offending harbinger of ill weather as “a sable cloud . . . that swilled more liquor than it could contain/ And like a drunkard gives it up again” and finishes up in his own macabre style with a veritable lashing of the populace below by “drown’d puppies” and “dead cats”.
So let’s give him his day tomorrow, in many ways he’s more deserving of our attention than one James Augustus Aloysius Joyce!
Mark Lawler
Liberties Heritage Association, Dublin 8
ISLAM A RELIGION FIRST
* I knew absolutely nothing about the Muslim religion when I arrived to work in Saudi Arabia in 1997. I soon started learning about it. Using my time in the Kingdom, I met with many different people of different nationalities – a lot of these people had one thing in common, they were Muslim.
Almost all of these people had different versions of what the definition of being a Muslim was, some had liberal thoughts; some had extreme thoughts. Diversity is fine by me, all people should respect the beliefs that people have about their religion.
Where it gets to me is when people start using Islam for political gains, and they decide that they can kill and destroy anything they want because it is all for the good of Islam. This is when I get upset that these people are using a beautiful religion for their own greed and power.
Something of a first happened in Turkey last week. The people demonstrating were trying to explain that Islam is a religion and not a political movement. These people are wonderfully brave, and I hope that they will be successful, but I fear that they might not be this time. But I do hope that this is the start of Islam becoming a religion again.
David Hennessy
Rathnew, Co Wicklow
SAME OLD FIANNA FAIL
* Recent opinion polls would have us believe that Fianna Fail has been forgiven for its sins and is waiting in the wings for a return to power.
Recent revelations highlight John McGuinness’s part in the spending that became ubiquitous during the Celtic Tiger years at taxpayers’ expense. Despite this, Fianna Fail leader Micheal Martin has publicly defended his man.
This is surely proof that Fianna Fail has not learnt from its mistakes or changed its ways at all. Defending their man in this way shows that the old Fianna Fail is still alive and well.
Dermot Murphy
Coole, Co Westmeath
PRESIDENT IS ALL WE NEED
* An October referendum has been set for the people to decide on the Fine Gael/Labour Government’s proposal to abolish the Seanad. They propose to replace the Seanad with a committee of experts to examine bills and suggest improvements, before being passed into law by the Dail. The debate for the next four months is whether this would be a good move.
There are 60 senators to 166 TDs. The Seanad’s primary role is to represent a wide range of views and minority views in Irish society. Over many decades it has become more a place of rescue to save the careers of TDs who lost their seats or first timers who have ambitions to win a Dail seat.
University graduates, trade unions and city and county councillors vote for Seanad candidates and the Taoiseach chooses 11 – usually, but not always, former TDs who lost their seats.
The Seanad helped raise the profile of young human rights lawyer Mary Robinson, who was in the Seanad from 1969 to 1989 before being elected President of Ireland from 1990 to 1997. Another example is Senator David Norris who was a presidential candidate in 2011.
It is politically favourable in our five-year-old economic recession for a political party to say why not abolish the Seanad, as it is expensive. Whether this is a good idea in the long term for democratic checks and balances I don’t know. There have been many reports on Seanad reform – each one set aside.
I think that President Michael D Higgins is providing checks and balances in a way previous Presidents of Ireland have not needed to – and more strongly than the Seanad ever could. He has an electoral mandate with about a million people having voted for him in 2011.
He has spoken out in recent months on the austerity measures in the EU affecting democracy in member countries and warned those countries not to lose sight that the EU is a “human” union and not a technocratic one.
The role of the President in offering a check or balance to the Government is stronger than the Seanad. She or he can consult the Council of State and if the consensus is uncertainty about whether a proposed government law is constitutional, the President can refer the bill to the Supreme Court.
The one bill that can’t be referred is a financial bill, as it has to be signed into law by a President.
It could even be said that we don’t need the Seanad, we have the office of President.
M Sullivan
College Road, Cork
* The Seanad: Self-serving Elitist Anachronistic Nice-work-if-you-can get-it Anti-democratic Dodos.
So why do I think in a democracy we still unfortunately need them?
Ivor Shorts
Rathfarnham, Dublin 16
THE BIG KISS-OFF
* A current storyline on the political front reminds me of the fella who always kissed his wife goodbye each morning. The alternative, he said, would mean having to bring her with him!
Tom Gilsenan
Beaumont, Dublin 9
Irish Independent

Still Joan’s legs

June 12, 2013

12 June 2013 Still Joan’s feet

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, oh dear oh dear. Leslie is to have a test on Navigation because Troutbridge keeps on hitting things. But the tester is an old Flame of Mrs Povey’s Priceless.
Another quiet day Joan’s feet still bad. Mary rings the Doctor and the Carers I email Sandy and test and talk to June.
We watch The Pallaisers The rise and rise of Mr Finn MP
Mary wins at scrabble but she gets under 400 perhaps I can have my revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Aubrey Woods
Aubrey Woods, who has died aged 85, was a versatile actor as much at home on the musical stage as he was in films and on television.

Photo: FREMANTLEMEDIA/REX
5:18PM BST 10 Jun 2013
He appeared in several popular series, including Z-Cars, Doctor Who, Auf Wiedersehen, Pet and Blake’s 7, but perhaps his most notable role was that of the sweetshop owner who sings The Candy Man in the film Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory (1971). In that film, starring Gene Wilder in the title role, Woods played Bill, the man who sells Charlie Bucket (Peter Ostrum) the Wonka bar with the golden ticket.
On the stage Woods appeared in many successful productions, including the 1991 revival of Joseph and his Technicolor Dreamcoat with Phillip Schofield and Jason Donovan. Cast as Potiphar, he was praised by the critic Milton Shulman for “a disdainful, funny” portrayal. On television he was in the “Day of the Daleks” adventure in Doctor Who (1972) as the Daleks’ puppet-governor after they had taken over the Earth in the 22nd century.
For three years in the 1960s Woods was a memorable Fagin in the musical Oliver!, having taken over the part from Ron Moody . For BBC radio, Woods wrote and appeared in numerous plays. A vice-president of the EF Benson Society, he adapted Benson’s Mapp and Lucia novels for the Corporation, narrating a radio version of Queen Lucia which was released as an audio tape.
Aubrey Harold Woods was born on April 9 1928 in Palmers Green, north London. After the Latymer School in Edmonton, where Bruce Forsyth was a contemporary, he studied at the Hornsey College of Art with intentions of becoming an architect, but on reflection determined on a stage career and, in 1945, won a scholarship to Rada.
His debut on the London stage came in 1947, in Peter Brook’s production of Jean-Paul Sartre’s Men Without Shadows (Lyric, Hammersmith). In the same year he was cast as Smike in Alberto Cavalcanti’s film Nicholas Nickleby. During his career Woods would return to Dickensian character roles: on television he was Toby Jobling in an adaptation of Bleak House, and in 1962 played Mr Chuckster in The Old Curiosity Shop.
On stage at Stratford-upon-Avon in 1952, he appeared fleetingly in Macbeth, directed by John Gielgud, and in 1955 joined a touring production of Hamlet in Moscow.
Woods’s first part in musical theatre was in Sandy Wilson’s Valmouth (Lyric, Hammersmith, and later Saville, 1958), followed by The Lord Chamberlain Regrets (Saville, 1961), a revue about censorship that misfired in spite of a strong cast headed by Joan Sims and Millicent Martin. After taking over as Fagin in Oliver! (Albery, 1963-1966), he played Cardinal Richelieu in The Four Musketeers (Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, 1967) starring Harry Secombe as D’Artagnan.
Woods was a friend of the composer Julian Slade, with whom he wrote Trelawny, a musical version of Sir Arthur Wing Pinero’s Trelawny of the Wells. First produced in 1972 at the Bristol Old Vic, it transferred to London, to Sadler’s Wells and then to the Prince of Wales, where it was one of Cameron Mackintosh’s earliest West End shows.
Also in 1972, Woods appeared as both Palmerston and Gladstone in I and Albert (Piccadilly), a musical about Queen Victoria and her German consort; the music was by Charles Strouse, whose later scores included Annie. Woods’s other musical credits from the 1970s included the flamboyant role of M Le Grand in Mardi Gras (Prince of Wales, 1975), and Strouse’s Flowers for Algernon (Queen’s, 1979), which starred Michael Crawford.
In 1981, at Chichester, he played Sir Edward Carson cross-examining Tom Baker as Oscar Wilde in Feasting with Panthers.
Woods continued to make television appearances into the 1990s, in series such as My Honourable Mrs (1975), Blake’s 7 (1979), Nice Work (1980), Till We Meet Again (1989) and London’s Burning (1995).
Aubrey Woods is survived by his wife, Gaynor, whom he married in 1952.
Aubrey Woods, born April 9 1928, died May 7 2013

Guardian:

Following the speeches on the economy and welfare given by Ed Balls and Ed Miliband over the past week (Labour ponders further rise in retirement age, 10 June), I would be grateful if anybody could explain to me in what respects, if any, the Labour party could be considered as being to the left of the coalition.
Glyn Evans
Ellesmere Port, Cheshire
• Like many others, I have adopted the strategy of boycotting companies that fail to pay corporation tax (Report, 11 June). How can I boycott the latest miscreant – Thames Water – which has a monopoly in supplying my water?
John Geleit
Epsom, Surrey
• Plans to commemorate the first world war (Report, 11 June) include a “large-scale cultural programme funded by £10m of lottery funds” (poor people’s money) “matched” by fundraising (even more poor people’s money). Didn’t they give enough with their lives? I will remember quietly but cheaply reading my copy of the war poets.
Anne Orton
Nottingham
• Interesting to read that Israel “reclaimed” the Western Wall in 1967 (Victory for Israel’s women of the wall, 10 June). I’d been under the impression that Israel illegally occupied the area.
Alan Gray
Brighton, West Sussex
• With the much improved weather, my daughter and I took the opportunity on Saturday to visit the last remaining snow patches on Cheviot. 
Gordon Dalziel
Kelso, Borders
• Has anyone actually seen a lawn being manicured (Letters, 10 June)? Yes, I have. When my daughter was a child she lost a precious complex-prescripion contact lens in the garden. Her father spent several hours on his knees cutting the grass with nail scissors in an attempt to find it. He didn’t.
Gabriella Falk
Dulverton, Somerset
• Provincial civil servants are, at best, faceless, while the ones in Westminster are always mandarins.
Steve Vanstone
Wolverhampton

On Wednesday, 12 June, the Drone Campaign Network will deliver a petition, signed by 10,000 people, calling on the UK government to end the secrecy surrounding the use of British drones in Afghanistan.
According to Ministry of Defence figures, the RAF has launched at least 365 drone strikes in Afghanistan since May 2008 (the month of the first attack). Yet its claim that only four civilians have been killed is literally unbelievable, eg an analysis of 350 CIA drone strikes in Pakistan put the civilian death toll there at at least 475.
What proportion of weapon firings by UK drones are pre-planned and how many are done on-the-fly? How does the UK confirm that its targets are not civilians? And does it ever launch strikes against people not directly participating in hostilities?
We simply don’t know, and attempts to use the Freedom of Information Act to get such information have been rebuffed on the spurious grounds that its release would be “likely to prejudice the defence of the British Island”.
As the RAF starts launching drone strikes from British soil (Report, 25 April), the British government must lift the veil of secrecy surrounding this deadly new form of remote-control warfare.
Joanne Baker Child Victims of War, Warren Bardsley Friends of Sabeel, West Midlands, Chris Cole Drone Wars UK, Andy Cope SPEAK Network, Rona Drennan Hastings Against War, Helen Drewery Quaker Peace & Social Witness, Maya Evans Voices for Creative Non-Violence UK, Ann Feltham Campaign Against Arms Trade, Pat Gaffney Pax Christi, Javier Garate War Resisters’ International, Jill Gough CND Cymru, Richard Johnson Leicester CND, Millius Palayiwa Fellowship of Reconciliation, England, Dr Stuart Parkinson Scientists for Global Responsibility, Lindis Percy CAAB, Dr Tomasz Pierscionek Medact, Milan Rai Peace News, Harry Rogers Bro Emlyn For Peace and Justice, Professor Noel Sharkey International Committee for Robot Arms Control, Uma Sims Cardiff Palestine Solidarity Campaign, Dave Webb CND

I have never picked out problems with the GP contract as the only reason for pressures on A&E (Report, 6 June). I have always been clear that there are many different factors that led to problems in A&E this winter. The lack of trusted out-of-hours care is one. The ageing population, the lack of integration between health and social care services and the lack of ability to make information about the patient flow around the system are also problems we must address. I am by no means the first to highlight the fact that out-of-hours care needs attention. Eminent experts from the College of Emergency Medicine, the Royal College of Physicians, the Royal College of GPs and the Family Doctors Association have said the same. By highlighting the problem with out-of-hours care – a problem put to me by many in the health service – I am accused of playing politics, but if I did not, I would be failing in my duty to respond to the real issues the NHS faces.
Jeremy Hunt MP
Secretary of state for health

What is most interesting about the reaction to the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists report giving warnings to pregnant women is the way in which important academics and officials leap to the defence of the chemicals industry instead of supporting the precautionary principle (Royal college’s advice to pregnant women fails commonsense test, says health chief, 8 June). Reporting has also trivialised the content by focusing on shower gels while ignoring much more serious chemicals such as fire retardants. Ensuring good indoor air quality by reducing emissions from chemicals in the home should receive far more attention in the UK. In other European countries emissions levels are monitored and measured and regulated, but in the UK we seem happy to breathe in a toxic cocktail everyday. The Royal College should be congratulated for raising these issue and encouraged to go further in protecting the health of future babies and pregnant mothers.
Tom Woolley
Downpatrick, Co Down
• The row between Dame Sally Davies, the government’s chief medical officer, and the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists about whether pregnant women should avoid chemicals in processed food and canned drinks also shines a spotlight on the risks posed by chemicals used in cosmetics, such as moisturisers, shower gels and perfumes.
The advice that pregnant women should avoid these products is right, given that the ingredients in non-organic cosmetics are often also found in antifreeze, oven cleaners and car oil. Many cosmetics contain parabens and phthalates, hormone-disrupting chemicals that could have negative impacts on human fertility and foetal development. Phthalates have been banned in children’s toys because of the dangers they pose, but pregnant women are also particularly vulnerable. Although these ingredients are covered by EU safety regulations, as European consumer groups recently pointed out, each chemical is looked at separately, and most users are exposed to higher than permitted levels of these chemicals on a daily basis, because they regularly use more than one product at a time.
The chief medical officer says she will not be avoiding cosmetics, but common sense suggests both she and pregnant women would be better off buying certified organic health and beauty products, where such ingredients are prohibited.
Peter Melchett
Policy director, Soil Association

The human right to a family life is recognised in domestic and international law. Strong and stable families are central to our society. The cross-party report into the impacts of recent family migration rules, however, shows that hundreds of British citizens and permanent residents have been kept apart from their family members since July 2012 (Report, 10 June). The rules now require that people wishing to bring a spouse, partner or child to the UK from outside the EU earn at least £18,600 a year – higher than the income of almost half the UK working population.
Many children, including British children, have been indefinitely separated from a parent, with implications for their wellbeing and development. In addition, skilled professionals, including NHS consultants, wishing to care for an elderly relative at their own expense in the UK are now unable to do so. These rules are unfair and damaging, and we urge the government to reconsider them.
Paul Blomfield MP
David Ward MP
Pete Wishart MP
Bishop Patrick Lynch Archdiocese of Southwark
Dr Maggie Atkinson Children’s Commissioner for England
Professor Vivienne Nathanson British Medical Association
Peter Carter Royal College of Nursing
Don Flynn Migrants Rights Network
Shami Chakrabarti Liberty
Jasvir Singh City Sikhs Network
• We are stunned by the Ministry of Justice’s proposal that abused and neglected children must in future satisfy a one-year residency test or else be legally unrepresented in their own care proceedings. Our family justice system is founded on the principle that the child must be independently represented in child protection proceedings. Since the death of Maria Colwell in 1973, it has been recognised that the child’s welfare can too easily come second to the needs of parents or councils. There are 67,000 children in care. Hundreds currently in care proceedings would not be able to satisfy the new test because they have arrived here too recently, or because their carers’ relationship to the child or immigration status is in question.
Victoria Climbié would not have qualified under the new test. She was brought to London in April 1999 by Marie-Therese Kouao, who falsely claimed to be her mother. Victoria was starved, neglected and tortured by Kouao and her partner Carl Manning until she finally died in February 2000, aged eight. The Laming inquiry into her death found terrible failures by four local authorities as well as by the NHS. If just one of those agencies had taken protective action, Victoria would have been removed from Kouao and care proceedings would have been initiated, with Victoria represented by a specialist solicitor who was a member of the Law Society’s children panel. If the residency requirement for children is introduced, another Victoria Climbié would not be entitled to legal aid, as they would be here unlawfully.
Maud Davis
Nicola Jones-King
Martha Cover
Association of Lawyers for Children
• The requirement under the proposed legal aid changes to be here for 12 months will automatically exclude all children who are under one year old as, of course, they cannot have been anywhere for 12 months. This will cover all UK citizens’ children. That will mean that no baby will be represented in care proceedings or in any other family or clinical negligence case until they are at least one year old. Even if the child or adult can show that they have been here 12 months, they still have to prove they are British citizens. The government is proposing that solicitors will have to have proof on their file before they can apply for legal aid. Many UK citizens may struggle to prove this if they live on the margins and do not have any documents to prove who they are. It will affect women fleeing from domestic violence who have left their paperwork behind. It will affect children of all ages where there simply may be no paperwork at all or it is in the hands of an opponent. Therefore, the likelihood is that it will prevent many UK citizens from accessing the law for their protection.
Jerry Bull
Member, Law Society’s children panel

While undoubtedly of public interest, the focus on the civil liberties issues surrounding the NSA revelations seems to miss a more important point (Europe demands answers from Obama over surveillance by US, 11 June). I have no illusions that the US government or GCHQ have any interest in my personal activities. Indeed, governments have always employed espionage and it is probably, to some extent, necessary for the public good. What is truly disturbing is when the revelations are placed in the wider context of the US administration’s conduct. The extrajudicial killing of political opponents, drone strikes and the pursuit of terrorist suspects and whistleblowers through all available means shows a disregard for human rights and international law. Whether guilty or not, terrorist suspects deserve due legal process and the protection that it entails.
Simon Samuroff
Harrow
• William Hague (Report, 10 June) says “law-abiding citizen[s] … have nothing to fear” from the security services – the slogan of tyrants everywhere. Why worry if unnamed agencies log your every call, every email, open your post, film you on CCTV, track your movements via your mobile and ANPR, bug your computer, infiltrate your political group – after all, only the guilty have anything to fear (a statement with which the families of Mr De Menezes or Mr El Masri, and many victims of MI5/CIA cockups, might take issue). Privacy is dead, learn to love Big Brother! Terrorists want to subvert our liberty, our law, our values – the things that set us apart from them. Sometimes it feels like they have already won.
Julian Le Vay
Oxford
•  The revelation of secret NSA surveillance practices is also a revelation of the actions of a whistleblower and the journalists through whom he chose to speak. Instead of readily becoming admirers of these newly proclaimed defenders of a transparent society, it might be useful to ask pertinent questions about their conduct and motives as well. For not asking such questions would imply that we leave unaccountable any individuals with self-declared motivations of not having done anything wrong and acting only on behalf of their understanding of what is in the public interest. Should we really have a healthy distrust in government lead us to a blind faith in individuals of whom we know so little? It may be more than a not so clever pun to ask who is guarding the Guardian and how we can guard ourselves from whistleblowing becoming just another avenue to achieve celebrity status, whether intended or not.
Mathieu Deflem
Columbia, South Carolina
• In their prolonged attempts to secure the extradition of Gary McKinnon, the argument put forward by the US government was that the actions were against the laws of the US, and so the person responsible should be tried by a US court irrespective of the fact that the alleged offence had been perpetrated from another country. If it appears likely that the NSA has accessed personal information of UK citizens in contravention of UK laws, I hope our government will pursue those responsible with equal vigour.
Nik Randall
London
•  Now we know that governments can get any information they need by eavesdropping, it would be of huge benefit to taxpayers around the world if they could put this to good use by providing the information that the same governments claim to lack – namely, the identity of companies lurking in tax havens.
Rod White
Uley, Gloucestershire
• Like Michael Burgess (Letters, 10 June), most of us would not worry much if the government knew how often we visited the B&Q or John Lewis websites. We would worry if the NSA trawled the emails of British companies and leaked them to US competitors. We would worry if GCHQ gave our government email correspondence of the shadow cabinet or trade unions. Unaccountable power always corrupts, in time.
Michael Hurdle
Woking, Surrey
•  It is good to know that our email letters to the Guardian that do not make it into your paper are at least being read by somebody, somewhere, sometime.
Rod Logan
Walton-on-Thames, Surrey

Michael Adler writes: I had the great pleasure of working with Sir Patrick Nairne as a fellow trustee of the National Aids Trust. Even though he had many calls on his time, he was a diligent attender of the trust’s meetings; he read every paper in detail and always offered sharp analytical comments. I subsequently became the chairman of the trust and relied on him as a friend and adviser.
I particularly looked forward to Patrick’s beautifully crafted post-meeting letters discussing what had happened and what should happen. His italic script was a joy and put my doctors’ writing to shame. Patrick offered wise advice with charm and could see through difficult problems with ease. I treasured the time we worked together and proudly own one of his watercolours, which he gave to me as a wedding present.
Richard Jameson writes: Sir Patrick Nairne was responsible for the 1975 referendum on our future membership of the European Union. As an undersecretary from the Department of Education, I was seconded to head a referendum unit of six people under Nairne’s supervision in the Cabinet Office, responsible to Ted Short (then lord president of the council), for the four months between Harold Wilson’s decision to hold a referendum and the vote itself. The work included passing an act through parliament and supporting secondary legislation, as well as a host of administrative decisions. Without the leadership of Short and Nairne, the vote would not have taken place on 5 June 1975.
Derek Wyatt writes: Sir Patrick Nairne was a brilliant master at St Catherine’s College, Oxford. He was uncannily ahead of most curves, unfailingly courteous, generous with his time for students and clever at putting different people together; above all, he was so approachable. And yet he still had time to do so many others things too. A brave man and a rare treasure.

It’s all too typical of Australian PM Julia Gillard that, when faced with annihilation at the upcoming election, she should prioritise ridding herself of the independents and Greens who put her into office (Gillard asks for a chance, 31 May).
A quintessential political careerist, her professed “Labor vision for Australia” has never meshed with her performance, which has regularly poached on the ideological territory of her Tea-Party-ish Liberal party opposition. She has attracted UN opprobrium for her government’s callous treatment of seaborne refugees, her virtual abandonment of a meaningful carbon tax and her capitulation to mining industries over protection of the World Heritage-listed Barrier Reef.
It would probably not be unfair to describe her as a typical conservative careerist, attracted to the power and advancement offered by machine politics, but without any real allegiance to or understanding of the original progressive values of the now decrepit Labor party she chose as a vehicle for her ambitions.
John Hayward
Weegena, Tasmania, Australia
Solutions for Afghanistan
In your leader Transitional relief you accurately describe the current situation in Afghanistan (17 May). You are less persuasive when advocating solutions. Beefing up the UN, sustained mediation, neighbourhood guarantees, a lesser role for Washington and impartiality have been tried before and rely largely on the goodwill between participants that has previously been lacking. They form part of the smart bombs/stupid policy of Kabul – fed to us incessantly by the regime in power.
Afghanistan has always been a federation of gun-wielding, poppy-cultivating, greedy, feudal warlords bound only by religion. New ways must be found to break their grip.
Education appears to be one way out of the impasse: a system of boarding schools in regional centres where security can be guaranteed by coalition forces. The brightest children from across the country would be offered fully paid scholarships. Studying with their peers from other regions would promote friendships, networks and common goals, which would last far into adulthood, eventually undermining feudalism.
Of course, this will take time and should have begun years ago. Money would be needed to operate such a scheme but the costs would be minuscule compared to that already spent on armaments. Will it ever happen? Probably not: it is far too simple a proposition for global powers intent on enhancing their spheres of influence.
It seems the Afghanis are left with the same old choice between nationhood and feudalism.
Graham Allott
Perth, Western Australia
Who defines aggression?
The repeated justification of Toru Hashimoto, the rightwing mayor of Osaka, that the terrible treatment of the comfort women by the Japanese in the 1930s and 40s is explainable in terms of the realities of war, while otherwise objectionable, does have some basis in truth (Mayor says war brothels were necessity, 24 May). We pretend it’s otherwise but, regrettably, prostitution on all sides involving women being forced into it by economic or physical coercion has long been a feature of wars.
On a broader front, the mayor’s claim aligns with the recent questioning of whether Japan’s wartime conduct in Asia could be described as aggression by the nationalist Japanese prime minister, Shinzo Abe: “The definition of what constitutes aggression has yet to be established in academia or in the international community. Things that happened between nations will look different depending on which side you view them from” (Japan backs off revision of war apology, 17 May).
Again: unpalatable though it is, there is something in this claim. The Tokyo trial, the biggest and most important allied war crimes trial arising out of the Pacific war, tried and failed to arrive at a clear and authoritative assertion of what constituted “aggression” and “defence” in that conflict. It was a victors’ trial that lacked moral authority.
Our definitions of aggressor and defender still vary according to which side we are on. Still, as we look to our future we mustn’t be misled by these extremist Japanese pronouncements on the reality of war. They are self-serving and as such we need to be wary of them.
In an increasingly fractious Asia, we must temper realpolitik in international relations and do our utmost to avoid wars by using diplomacy to settle our differences.
Terry Hewton
Adelaide, South Australia
Zimbabwe’s bad old days
Bill Mathew’s letter reminded me of the story about the Egyptologist who had never been to Egypt (Reply, 31 May). He ignores the corruption, the innumerable deaths, Mugabe’s part in the war in Congo that cost so many lives and only enriched his henchmen, the disappearance not only of people but most of education and development in rural Zimbabwe, to mention just a few things. The system Mugabe replaced with a one-party set-up had opened up voting for blacks, the first university was multiracial then and closed most of the time now because the students are vigorously against him.
The white farmers had bought their farms from the Mugabe government, after having done all the development in the first place, the same as in Kenya, where they were not been evicted afterwards; nothing like the kind of murderous violence and destruction that was done by Mugabe’s thugs occurred there.
During one post-independence visit some years ago, when one independent (black) newspaper was still allowed and its (equally black) reporters had not yet fled the country to save their lives, as most of the others had had to do, we bought one copy that we have kept since. The front-page headline reads: The Good Old Days. Guess when that was deemed to be in the article? The time of Ian Smith, of all things.
Observations based on nothing but blinkered prejudice surely should have no place in a paper like the Guardian, which claims to bring the truth.
Ellen Pye
Delta, British Columbia, Canada
• Simple mathematics and the opportunity costs are missing from Bill Mathew’s letter justifying Robert Mugabe.
A loss of, say, 90% of the productivity of white farmers is not the same as a gain of 9% on what was left, even if the west is now pleased that there is a turnaround.
Only a fatalist would argue that other strategies could not have been implemented, including by Mugabe, without destroying the existing farm base.
Darian Hiles
Adelaide, South Australia
French language is in decline
Andrew Gallix pretty well sums up the debates that we have been reading in the French press about a possible revision of the Toubon law to allow a few university classes to be taught in English (31 May). I agree: the French language has been under threat lately, but not from the borrowing of any foreign word. Any language will shine by and dazzle with what it produces, but sadly, we have made nihilistic literature our speciality, to cite only literature.
I still cannot figure out why our critics bask in such books as the ones by Michel Houellebecq or Christine Angot, to name but two authors. Reading the last by Angot, the depiction in minute detail of an incest, one realises that Marcel Pagnol and the nostalgia of his childhood are definitively over, as is the wit of Astérix. The enthusiasts of the French language, like Claude Hagège, mainly regret that French is not in the dominant position – our lost American future. Hagège states that English implies economic liberalism, and hence the capitalism bias. But this thesis forgets that English also was the language of Henry David Thoreau and Emily Dickinson.
Now, with the possible new law, I would rather be concerned about the poor English that French university professors might soon impose on their students: oh no …
Marc Jachym
Paris, France
• The historical irony of the French tongue is that, were it not for imperialistic Latin, it would have turned out something like Breton or Gaelic (or even possibly German, judging from appropriated nouns). Romance French began as a Latin superimposed on the subjugated (and preliterate) Celts. And, were it not for Julius Caesar’s scribe’s ear, we would have no first record of Celtic culture: no Lutetia (Paris), no plucky chieftains like Vercingetorix and Dumnorix, nor any British Boudicca, druids and naked warriors in woad. And alas, no Astérix and Obelix, sprung from Goscinny’s head.
Andrew Gallix (delightfully Astérixesque name, that) formidably defends besieged French as a medium of instruction against the steamroller of American English, but quixotically. Even former African colonies are beginning to relinquish French pedagogy for English. Like Latin, French is fated to become an antiquarian, literary language, a historical cul-de-sac, its vestiges living on through English (as Latin lives on through French).
Marianne Faithfull saw it coming on in the 80s: “Don’t say it in Russian, don’t say it in German, say it in – broken English.”
R M Fransson
Denver, Colorado, US
Humans are the real danger
Your article on New Zealand’s attitude to cats highlights the fact that “pests” have become the villains for continuing loss of both fauna and flora (Not so cool for Kiwi cats, 24 May). It diverts attention from the true exterminator: people.
Though cats are a serious predator, their contribution to species loss pales compared to the damage caused by the human race. Gareth Morgan himself highlights the issue; he has organised a campaign called The Million Dollar Mouse to rid the Antipodes islands of mice. The intention is to saturate the islands with the most deadly rat poison of all, brodifacoum; it will be spread by helicopter as mouse-sized baits, just the right size for birds. The programme uses questionable techniques condemned by the US Ornithological Council following the Rat Island eradication programme in the Aleutians, which was supervised by New Zealand department of conservation “experts”.
That programme destroyed 46 of the resident bald eagles, showing people could achieve something on those islands that cats cannot: extinctions of birds found nowhere else in the world.
W F Benfield
Martinborough, New Zealand
Briefly
• The spread of US drone technology to other countries, fanatics and enemies is only a matter of time (31 May). Already unmanned aerial vehicles have spread from war zones to toy shops. Now anyone can use a drone to point a camera into your private spaces; laws can’t stop them.
From good purposes, such as surveillance of surf beaches in Queensland, to attacking the innocent, no holds are barred. Drones are like boomerangs in this respect.
Valerie Yule
Mount Waverley, Victoria, Australia
• Kory Stamper evidently believes Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein was “the monster”, but he was not (31 May). Frankenstein was the wretched doctor discovered constructing a gothic monster from various bits and pieces. But a combination of the dreaded collective unconscious plus the neologisms of popular culture have melded monster and doctor into a grotesque unity represented by Boris Karloff, but unrecognisable to those who have read Shelley’s book.
Paul Lindsey
Seville, Victoria, Australia

Independent:

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Yasmin Alibhai-Brown’s article (10 June) ends: “The historical truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth matters.” She precedes this with three canards about the conduct of the First World War which cry out to be answered now, in the hope that they will not be repeated as the juggernaut of the Great War centenary looms into view.
First: “After 1916, soldiers were conscripted from the poorest of families.” There is no evidence for this, but there is evidence that the vast majority of the volunteers (pre-1916) came from the working classes. Enlistment meant regular wages and an escape from drudgery and a weak economy. In fact conscription was introduced in 1916 partly because the Government previously had no method of controlling the flow of working-class volunteers from vital industries.
Second: “The officer classes saw them as fodder.” Over the decades since the Great War, this view that the troops were treated with contempt has swollen to include not only the General Staff, secure behind the lines, but the officers in the trenches. Neither the generals nor the subalterns deserve this. There are numerous instances of senior officers’ concern to ensure that their battalions were not uselessly sacrificed, and of junior officers (who could expect to be casualties within six weeks) caring tirelessly for their men.
Third: “Traumatised soldiers … were shot.” In all, 3,080 British soldiers were sentenced to death for desertion, cowardice, and mutiny, but only 346 were shot (266 for desertion). The reality was that more and more traumatised men would be diagnosed as suffering from shellshock (neurasthenia) as the war continued. Special Neurasthenic Centres were set up and, as late as 1938, disability war pensions were being paid out to 25,000 men suffering from nervous disorders.
Ms Alibhai-Brown is right – nothing but the truth matters. We owe that to the 1.8 million casualties of the Great War.
Liz Wade, Oxford
Should we not remember the First World War as the ultimate dreadful warning against over-reaction to an act of terrorism?
Richard Humble, Exeter
Speak out about depression
Thank you to Stephen Fry for highlighting, yet again, mental health issues (6 June). We so need to educate the whole population so that those around us can help. I now feel well enough to share this publicly.
I had prepared what I needed to commit suicide, and faltered. I told my husband, who gave me a brief hug and said he would talk to me later about it. He never did (he walked out for another woman six months later) and it was another instance of him not coping with what I now know was a long depression which started after the birth of my third child. It needs to become common knowledge that this is an illness, not a state of mind, and being told to get over it, or to stop crying, is not a remedy; nor a help. Those symptoms are signs that the sufferer needs some medical attention. There is also no shame in being ill.
I am now fully recovered – I went into therapy once my husband left, and was on anti-depressants for some years. I keep in touch with my mood swings carefully, and return to counselling irregularly, but as often as I need it to keep on an even keel. Speaking about it can only be of benefit to our communities.
Sue Stewart, Horley, Surrey
Thank you to Stephen Fry and Alastair Campbell (8 June) for giving us an insight into their lives with depression. I read the articles with a pounding heart, as I discovered many familiar situations. 
My husband suffered from a very severe episode that started last October. He did get professional help and just as we thought that he was over the worst he took his own life four weeks ago. Depression killed him and even our two children aged 19 and 13 couldn’t prevent that.
Depression affects many people; we need to talk about it more frequently in an open and informed way. Alastair Campbell’s last sentence was the exact words my husband had said to me only recently.
Dorothea Seibold, York
Targets of  the snoopers
William Hague claims people can “have confidence in the work of UK security agencies and their adherence to the law and democratic values” and that “law abiding citizens have nothing to fear” from invasions of our privacy by US and British Security Services on the grounds that it “had saved many lives”. In the words of Mandy Rice-Davies, “He would say that wouldn’t he?” There are two reasons why ordinary citizens need to fear these abuses by Britain’s security services.
First, there is no guarantee these powers will not be used against anyone opposing government policies, or anything security chiefs think is against the interests of the country – even if they are not involved in any terrorism or violence. This could apply to protesters against new roads, HS2, wind farms, or nuclear power-stations; trade unionists, or even political parties – but probably not employers’ organisations such as the Consulting Association.
Second and more important is that abuses by the security services undermine the legitimacy of Britain’s criticism of other governments’ abuses of human rights, from African and Middle Eastern dictators to Russia and China. This abandoning of the “moral high ground” drives a small number of people, even some in this country, into the arms of terrorist extremists, and this increases the threat to our security.
Julius Marstrand, Cheltenham
It’s all very well being assured by William Hague and David Cameron that any surveillance is perfectly legal, and law-abiding citizens have nothing to fear. We don’t have to go very far back in history to remind ourselves that information is power, and can be misused.
The question is not whether we citizens are law-abiding, but whether the Government and its intentions are  – and can be trusted to remain – benevolent.
Christine Lehman, High Ellington, North Yorkshire
Just imagine that it had been a European security agency spying on the communications of British citizens. The howls from Ukip would have been deafening and Nigel Farage would have been on every possible news programme. So can we presume from his silence that UK independence stops at Europe? We can be subservient to and ruled by the US without any qualms. 
This is obviously far less important to Ukip than the shape and size of our bananas.
Peter Berman, Wiveliscombe, Somerset
Worried drivers in the middle lane
Perry Rowe and Ray Chandler (Letters, 10 June) use the same argument to defend their proprietorial use of the middle lane. Mr Rowe cites the “risk”  of “moving from lane to lane” and Mr Chandler’s states: “Staying on the middle lane is good because  it avoids constantly moving in and out of the slower-moving inside lane” which “road safety experts tell us … is hazardous”. 
By such curious logic Messrs Rowe and Chandler should drive in the outside (overtaking) lane for their entire journey, where they wouldn’t have to manoeuvre to overtake anything at all. If they find overtaking so worrying they can avoid it by driving in the inside lane at a lower speed and by taking  lessons in motorway driving. There’s no shame in either course and everyone would be happier.
Jan Cook, South Nutfield, Surrey
I wonder if the traffic police are going to be able to cope with the proposed reforms. Yesterday evening around 4.45pm I drove from junction 26 to junction 25 on the M5. It seemed to me that a huge number of drivers were offending. People driving at outrageous and illegal speeds on the outside lane, people hogging the middle lane, people tailgating and lorries passing each other taking up two lanes. I was quite relieved to arrive in Taunton.
Have we enough police to correct these misdemeanours?
Nick Thompson, Cullompton, Devon
Will those readers who advocate driving in the middle lane please include their number plate rather than their address?
Hugh Burchard, Bristol
Can I hog the outside lane?
John Naylor, Sunningdale, Slough
Mothers who work
The very question, do children whose mothers work suffer academically (report, 11 June), is based on a profound misunderstanding. Mothers have worked ever since we came out of trees – very, very hard.
The salient feature of human parenting is that it is a team activity; in the village, human babies attach to multiple adults. The idea that mothers alone are responsible is a product of the industrial revolution, which created a highly anomalous situation of small family units and labour separated from the domestic domain. That is now history.
Children do suffer if they don’t get enough care from any adult, but if the care is shared around, the child is fine – and how much mothers provide is simply not the key question.
Also, to get right through your article without a single reference to all the fathers (like me) who have changed their whole lives to care for their children and support their partners’ careers is an insult.
Duncan Fisher, Crickhowell, Powys
In an article on 11 June about the departure of creative director Emma Hill from Mulberry you helpfully described her as “42-year-old mother of one”. Yet on the preceding page, when writing about the pay rise of Thames Water’s Chief Executive Martin Baggs, you completely failed to tell us either how old he is or how many children he has.   
Prue Bray, Wokingham
Trust in politics
The lobbying scandal reminds me of a conversation I had at the time of the expenses scandal. As a lay preacher, I was visiting a church in a community which had just voted in a BNP county councillor. I discovered that my godly and devout friends had voted for this person. Very surprised, I asked why they had voted this way. They told me – quite sincerely, I think – that it was out of disgust for the goings on at Westminster. I don’t suppose these further revelations of bad behaviour by the elite will change my friends’ voting behaviour.
Andrew McLuskey, Staines, Middlesex
Pippa pipped
Is Pippa Middleton a front? What really went on concerning Deborah Ross, The Independent and Howard Jacobson’s wry Jewishness? Please let us know and end the speculation. Could be the scoop of the week.
Joy Helman, London W8

Times:

We should not be trying to fit children into a one-size-fits-all educational philosophy when it comes to GCSEs and A levels
Sir, The bright new future Mr Gove sets out in his changes to the GCSE system (Opinion, June 11) is based on prejudice and will be destructive. Giving greater emphasis to final rather than modular preparation will make little difference to the “cram-and-forget” teaching the minister criticises. There is no such thing as an exam which does not foster cramming and swift forgetfulness. The system encourages teaching to enhance performance at the inevitably superficial level anyone is capable of producing in the timed silence of an examination hall.
The only worthy alternative is to lay greater emphasis on coursework. I can attest that coursework at both GCSE and A level was crucial in preparing me for an English degree: it teaches research, structuring and redrafting skills, and permits deep consideration without the pressure of a time limit.
I took my GCSEs in one of the last years that coursework still featured significantly. Contrary to Mr Gove’s wild claims, I read and interpreted an entire Shakespeare play. I have since sat in on a class where only shards of Macbeth were required in order to survive controlled assessment — it was feared that attempting to consider the whole work would distract from the focus of the exam.
Hattie Induni
Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Sir, As a young head of English in the early 1980s, I introduced coursework-assessed O-level English literature and language papers, a pilot scheme approved by a Conservative government.
Students could submit their best pieces of work, repeated as often as they wished to ensure that their work was of the highest standard. Results improved dramatically.
Coursework is a less reliable measure of success than traditional exams in subjects such as maths and science where the learning of factual knowledge is central to measuring a student’s understanding of those facts. In other subjects, such as English or history, a strong element of coursework should be retained to allow students to refine and redraft their work to produce a considered response to the question.
The unspoken problem is that teacher and parental assistance in coursework has made objective assessment very difficult.
Hence the demise of coursework and the return of the terminal examinations — and a one-size system that will not fit all students.
Jonathan Forster
Principal, Moreton Hall
Oswestry, Shropshire
Sir, Michael Gove is to be commended wholeheartedly for his determination to ensure that children should be challenged rather than constrained by GSCE programmes. It is good to know that the low hurdles races which have characterised our examination system will be replaced by more demanding courses which emphasise the academic qualities that our students should be developing.
It is also encouraging to see, with his recognition of the importance of practical and technical subjects, his apparent willingness to break free from the one-size-fits-all philosophies which have restricted the education of our children for far too long. All that many schools and the examination boards will need is a little time to help them prepare for this courageous new world.
Dr Chris Ray
High Master, Manchester Grammar School
Chairman, Headmasters’ and Headmistresses’ Conference

After decades of neglect and over-exploitation, the seas surrounding England are in a state of serious decline
Sir, We have united as leading nature charities to submit more than 350,000 pledges to Downing Street today (Wednesday, June 12), calling for the urgent designation of Marine Conservation Zones and the establishment of an ecologically coherent network of Marine Protected Areas. After decades of neglect and over-exploitation, the seas surrounding England are in a state of serious decline, highlighted in the recently published State of Nature report.
A two-and-a-half-year consultation process involving a million stakeholders recommended the establishment of 127 Marine Conservation Zones in English seas. However, the Government is currently planning to designate a first tranche of only 31. This is far from sufficient to make up the ecologically coherent network so vital to ensure the future of our seas. The sites put forward so far do not protect some of our best-loved sealife such as whales, dolphins, basking sharks and seabirds.
There has never been a better opportunity to put in place the protection our seas so urgently need. A healthy marine environment will also have significant long-term economic, social and environmental benefits. We, therefore, call on the Government to commit itself to a clear timetable for the swift designation of Marine Conservation Zones, in order to meet the UK’s international obligations to reverse biodiversity loss and protect our marine wildlife for the future.
Mike Clarke, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds; Sam Fanshawe, Marine Conservation Society; Stephanie Hilborne, The Wildlife Trusts; David Nussbaum, WWF-UK

Clean power is the best option for bill payers, and is also the way forward for creating jobs in the energy industry
Sir, While it is flattering that Matt Ridley (Opinion, June 6) thinks that with just two lawyers on staff Friends of the Earth is “really just a big law firm”, he has got four things wrong.
First, a clean power target is the best option for bill payers — the Committee on Climate Change says it could save consumers up to £100 billion on fuel bills in 2020-2030, compared to relying on gas.
Second, it’s not a question of green jobs versus non-green jobs. Rather, as the world transitions to low-carbon energy, we can either create skilled jobs in Britain or lose them abroad. Why not make turbine parts and solar panels here instead of importing?
Third, Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland relies on the support of individuals and charitable trusts for more than 95 per cent of our income — EU funding accounts for less than 1 per cent. So the EU did not pay for our legal challenge over solar power.
In addition, while we have argued to the Environment Agency that water remaining in wells after fracking should be regulated as waste — it contains harmful chemicals which could pollute drinking water — we have not lobbied the European Commission on this at any stage. Neither is there any conclusive evidence that shale gas will provide cheaper energy in Britain.
Our best hope for affordable fuel bills long term is through clean power and energy saving.
Andrew Pendleton
Friends of the Earth

This reader was always given a simple answer when asking one of the age-old questions: “who is your favourite?”
Sir, My mother, who lived to be 99, knew she had a favourite among the four of us (report, June 11). It was, she firmly stated, the one she was with.
Iona Wake-Walker
Bemerton, Wilts

We must eradicate the idea that dogs are fashion accessories and can be picked up and put down again as style dictates
Sir, It is a great concern that French bulldogs are the latest to join the long list of dogs seen as “… the real must-have accessory of the season” (“Short, fat and out of breath: why everyone adores the Frenchie”, June 8).
From huskies to Chihuahuas, the attitude that dogs are fashion accessories to be picked up and put down again as the seasons’ style changes has led to ever increasing numbers being abandoned at Blue Cross re-homing centres. Dogs are dogs, not the latest must-have off the catwalk.
Kim Hamilton
Chief Executive, Blue Cross
Burford, Oxon

Telegraph:

SIR – Christopher Howse’s article about Oliver Bernard (Comment, June 7) reminded me of my first encounter with his brother Jeffrey back in the late Seventies, when I went to the Coach and Horses in Greek Street, Soho to buy him a drink. This came about because of my love of his weekly column, “Low Life”, in the Spectator, in which he painfully exposed his exploits.
Jeffrey was initially wary of me (as I was bedecked in pinstripe, he thought I was an Inland Revenue inspector), but after a couple of large vodkas, he warmed to me.The afternoon descended so much so that he mentioned our encounter in his next Spectator entry. It was then that I realised that it was dangerous to mix with his clan.
Vincent Shanahan
Northwood, Middlesex
SIR – Christopher Howse’s lament over Oliver Bernard and Soho was superbly evocative and accurate, until the final sentence: “Now he is dead, and so is Soho”. In my opinion, he is quite wrong about Soho being dead.
While we all cherish a memory of a time when for us, Soho was truly golden, its abiding joy is that it always somehow manages to reinvent itself without apparent fundamental change, in order to charm and seduce successive unsuspecting generations, while still continuing to sustain the diehards.
In that sense, it is much like Rome: eternal, a glory to behold, and not without its ruins.
Joseph Connolly
London NW3

SIR – The state pension is not a welfare benefit (“Labour to cap state pension”, report, June 10). It is a system based on National Insurance contributions from both employees and employers over the pensioner’s working life. No contributions, no pension.
No doubt there is now a shortfall, as successive governments have raided the NI receipts for other purposes, but that is no defence against the shadow chancellor’s proposed breach of contract. No private insurance company would be allowed to behave in this way.
Barry Hughes
Lytham St Annes, Lancashire
SIR – Work pension and state pension are now added together for tax purposes. I pay roughly 25 per cent of my pension to the UK Treasury – so I am still contributing.
Capping pensions is just another way of targeting the middle classes.
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Robert Parker
Taunton, Somerset
SIR – Labour are now proposing a cap on “unsustainable” state pensions.
Perhaps Ed Balls would like to consider the other state pensions that are also unsustainable: over-generous public-sector pension schemes. These are paid for out of taxes and pose no risk for the recipients, while the rest of us have to take our chances on the financial system.
Privatise public-sector pensions, then we are all in it together.
Bill Parish
Bromley, Kent
SIR – A woman born on the same day as me will already be receiving a state pension, while I, and all other men of my age, will have to wait until 2018.
A woman on a full state pension will receive £28,500 before I receive a penny, even though on life expectancy she will live considerably longer than me. So much for equality.
Alan Belk
Leatherhead, Surrey
SIR – My wife and I worked full time in Britain from 1945 to 1975, and then moved to Canada. Our British pensions were frozen when we reached retirement age in 1992. We have cost Britain nothing in health care, housing allowances or other benefits received by our fellow pensioners who are still living in Britain.
The Exchequer should put us on to the current pension scale. After all, we paid into the government’s pension scheme throughout our working lives.
Maurice and Shelagh-Ann Hedges
Port Moody, British Columbia, Canada
SIR – If £63.1 billion was paid out last year in basic state pensions, how much was paid in?
Pam Maybury
Bath, Somerset
SIR – Will this cap also apply to the pensions of politicians?
Dr Peter Islip
Sanderstead, Surrey
State surveillance
SIR – Am I alone in thinking how great it is that Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and other services are monitoring us so closely (“MPs fear US could be snooping on Britons”, report, June 8)? I have nothing to hide and nor do 99.9 per cent of the population, so we should be grateful that they are actively seeking out threats to our country.
Only those who are paranoid or who have an inflated opinion of the importance of what they say have any need to be concerned.
Russ King
London N11
SIR – What bothers me about all this snooping is: who’s watching the watchers? Can they all be trusted, or are some likely to set people up to make themselves look good?
It’s all right claiming that honest people have nothing to fear from GCHQ, but I think everyone should worry about loose cannons rolling about the decks – the surest way to lose freedom, and a back door to authoritarianism.
Joseph G Dawson
Chorley, Lancashire
SIR – The security and intelligence services were criticised for allowing the Woolwich suspects to “drop off their radar”. Now these same services are being criticised for snooping. You can’t have it both ways.
Malcolm Allen
Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire
Improper umbrellas
SIR – There is a time and a place for umbrellas. I was appalled to see the selfishness of the spectators at the French Open. Rain did not stop play, yet umbrellas went up, blocking the view of those behind them who had paid a considerable sum for their seats.
Hats and hoods are more than adequate to keep oneself dry. Surely an umbrella must be an offensive weapon where health and safety are concerned, and for that reason alone they should be banned from sports arenas.
Miriam Bolger
Bath, Somerset
Facing the music
SIR – Peter Daggett (Letters, June 10) claims that people attending Benjamin Britten concerts are trapped in a hall and can’t walk away from the “cacophony”. He could always attend one of the performances of Britten’s opera Peter Grimes on Aldeburgh beach this month.
Not only could he walk away, but if he took his swimsuit he could take a jump in, or bury his head in the sand.
Alex Smith
Orford, Suffolk
SIR – A year ago, I was fortunate enough to purchase tickets for a performance of Billy Budd at the Met in New York – I had never attended a Britten opera before, preferring older, more melodic structures from Europe.
I left the Met at midnight choking back tears wrought by the emotional intensity of this work. In fact, I cannot remember being more moved by a piece of dramatic music.
There is more to music than being able to whistle a pretty tune.
Peter Maddox
Swansea, Glamorgan
SIR – I agree that Britten’s music is less than tuneful. However, I long ago found the solution. When I see that a programme includes a piece by Benjamin Britten, I find I somehow fail to buy a ticket. This leaves me free for other things.
Jinny McLeod-Hatch
London SW6
Seven ailments…
SIR – Tesco’s current lacklustre economic performance (report, June 6) has spawned its “customer first” policy.
Recently, after a visit to my GP, the only place I could get a prescription processed at 8pm was in my local Tesco store. Perhaps an “out-of-hours” GP service could be a good way of putting some flesh on to the bones of this policy?
Such a service would have wide electoral appeal, as voters of all political hues seem to shop at Tesco. GPs are self-employed so a bit of extra work on a Tesco rota might seem to be more socially manageable than any out-of-hours “call-out” system.
It might even take the heat off accident and emergency departments if minor injuries could be treated as well.
David Gray
Wimborne, Dorset
SIR – Last week, my wife telephoned our doctors’ practice for a repeat prescription, only to be told that this was not possible. She was advised to ask our local chemist to request one on her behalf.
I reminded my wife that you could in fact email the practice, which would then allow our chemist to collect and indeed deliver her prescription. She did this and it was sorted out within 24 hours.
My wife has been registered with that practice for 41 years – but an anonymous email made all the difference.
J Eric Nolan
Blackburn, Lancashire
Reigning cats and dogs
SIR – Maybe Andrew Copeman (Letters, June 10) doesn’t know that cats were brought to this country by the Romans in their ships carrying corn, especially to kill rats and mice and other vermin, which here in the countryside, they still do.
However, one thing cats don’t do is attack and kill human beings, as has happened recently with dogs. They don’t bark incessantly either.
Julie Juniper
Bridport, Dorset
SIR – The oft-quoted numbers of song-birds killed by cats is neither believable nor, I think, relevant: bird numbers in my garden are much more closely related to the amount of food my wife puts out than the number of cats patrolling.
Christopher Heneghan
Abergavenny, Monmouthshire
SIR – As is well known, dogs have owners but cats have staff.
Hilary Jarrett
Norwich
Faith schools are an asset to a diverse society
SIR – I was disappointed to read about the Fair Admissions Campaign (“Call to end faith school ‘discrimination’”, report, June 7). Today’s society is multicultural and we are proud of that. Faith schools play a hugely positive role in ensuring that we as a society are able to preserve the individual cultural identities that make up our diverse way of life.
Education is something that the Jewish community has had a strong commitment to for thousands of years. Indeed, the school where I am head teacher, JFS, opened in England in 1732, almost 150 years before primary education became compulsory in this country.
Within our school, one of the vital messages we promote to our students is to be respectful, thoughtful and caring to others and their faiths, and they are more likely to do this due to their strong Jewish identity.
The educational quality we are able to offer our students is only enhanced by the school’s faith status and many parents recognise and value this. The special nature of faith schools is the reason thousands of parents and students choose to attend them every year. How fair would it be to deny them this choice?
Jonathan Miller
Harrow, Middlesex

Irish Times:
Sir, – The Question 8 in Paper II (Leaving Cert higher level maths) was unanswerable, and hence all students will be given full marks. This guarantees all those who sat the paper an extra five points which, with the bonus marks now available for an honour in higher level, could even correspond to a gain of 30 points for some students. However, despite this seemingly good news for students, there are two points I would like to raise.
First, students were supposed to spend approximately 15 minutes on this question. How many spent significantly longer, in an attempt to solve a problem with no solution, and were left unable to finish the rest of the paper due to this time was ted? Second, seeing such a question, and trying to decipher it could certainly cause students to panic, and unsettle them enough to affect their performance in the rest of the paper.
It seems inconceivable such a mistake could be made, as surely countless checks and rechecks of the paper are carried out before it is issued. It seems a horrendous oversight by the Department of Education, and one which is completely unacceptable.
We can only hope that only a minority of students suffered from their problems raised above, but I fear that that may not be the case. – Yours, etc,
DONNACHA BOLGER,
Ferguson Road,

This Government’s readiness to use its huge majority – the largest in the history of the State – to foreshorten debate and to short-circuit the time for deliberation of legislation is a recipe for bad law.
In recent times, there has been a significant number of Bills passed by the Dáil with real defects and, as a result, these Bills have had to be subsequently amended in the Seanad. This list includes the Personal Insolvency Bill, the National Vetting Bureau (Children and Vulnerable Adults) Bill, the Protection of Employees (Temporary Agency Work) Bill, the Nurses and Midwives Bill and the Credit Union Bill.
So far, in the lifetime of the current Oireachtas (up to May 2013), the Seanad has made a total of 529 amendments to 14 different Bills that had been passed by the Dáil in an inadequate or incorrect fashion.
The Government is now trying to persuade people to abolish the Seanad on the basis that they will fundamentally improve the way the Dáil does its business. This is despite the fact that the Government’s own chief whip has admitted that its track-record in relation to Dáil reform is, in fact, “deplorable” (Irish Times June 10th).
This hardly inspires confidence; indeed, on the contrary, it highlights the stark reality that there is little credible basis to believe that the Dáil will suddenly stop making mistakes or show a new-found capacity for properly vetting legislation.
Bad law affects everyone in our society. It damages trust in politics, it undermines economic renewal and it impacts negatively on the way we all lead our lives.
Before voting to abolish the Seanad, I would urge people to ask themselves a couple of fundamental questions – who will monitor and, where necessary, amend the legislative work of the Dáil?
And who will correct the next 529 mistakes? – Yours, etc,
Senator FEARGAL QUINN,

Sir, – One does not need to be a signed-up conspiracy theorist to wonder about the steady stream of stories about Public Accounts Committee chairman John McGuinness that have appeared in the media in recent weeks.
This has all the hallmarks of a well-orchestrated attempt by inconvenienced vested interests to rid themselves of this turbulent priest – to borrow Eliot’s words. Fired up by the joy of the witch hunt, certain media pundits are all too happy to help.
It seems that for some people, even raising the question of whether the State should pay for spouses to accompany ministers on government trips is a hanging offence.
Hopefully Micheál Martin will have the courage to face down the self righteous outrage of some commentators and politicians on this matter. – Yours, etc,
FRANK E BANNISTER,
Morehampton Terrace,

Sir, – Sarah Glennane (June 11th) complains of the possible impact of “gardaí in full riot gear” on some of Ruairí Ó Brádaigh’s grandchildren at his funeral.
I knew Ruairí Ó Brádaigh (not terribly well) but well enough to have occasionally played cards with him about 60 years ago when he lived beside Croke Park in Jones’s Road. At that time, he was a pleasant, if single-minded, young man.
I am compelled to contrast Ms Glennane’s concern with that of Ruairí Ó Brádaigh himself. Many years later I heard him being asked on radio for his reaction to the fact that some innocent children had just been killed in a savage and, no doubt, cowardly bomb outrage in Northern Ireland. My earlier impressions of him plummeted when he informed the country that there always were “inevitable casualties in war”. Is it possible that those dead children might have been somebody’s grandchildren? – Yours, etc,
LIAM O’ MUIRI,

Sir, – What a debacle with the maths Paper 2!
No, I do not refer to the mathematical error on the Leaving Certificate honours maths paper – but to the spelling mistake in the first nationwide Project Maths Junior Certificate Paper 2.
Question 2 (c) reads, “What other measure of central tendancy could have been used when examining this data?” I won’t insult Irish Times readers by pointing out the error, but let’s just say that there is usually a tendency to spell accurately in public examination papers.
Who is writing these new Project Maths papers? And haven’t they heard of SpellCheck? Or don’t they approve of the Department’s National Strategy to improve literacy in young people? – Yours, etc
Dr CLAIRE TUTTLEBEE,

Sir, – We have received the final payment in the mobility allowance we are going to get and I think it a disgrace that nothing else has been put in its place.
We are being messed around by these cuts and we are going to be prisoners in our own homes.
I was in receipt of the mobility allowance (about €200 a month) and that money was used for taxis to get us from A to B. I am very angry over this cut and the cut in our phone rental allowance and the ESB units as well. I need the phone and I need my heating on 24/7 because I have very bad circulation as I suffer from cerebral palsy. I used to get home help five days a week, but this has been cut down to three days a week.
We are all trying to cope in our own ways – the best ways we can. Life is hard enough for us and we do not need this from this government. From a very angry young man. – Yours, etc,
GERARD KIERNAN,

A chara, – As a Chernobyl worker, I found myself agreeing with John Gibbons (“Science does not support critics of nuclear power”, Opinion, June 5th).
There was as a increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer for the first few years, but no evidence of major public health impact attributable to radiation exposure 25 years after the event. This is not a popular thing to say, but its based on scientific fact.
Our charity was founded in 1993 to aid Belarusian children who were affected by the Chernobyl disaster. However over a period of 20 years we came to the realisation that the illnesses affecting many of the children of Belarus were primarily due to the consequences arising out of poverty, deprivation and the ignorance of basic hygiene standards to maintain a healthy standard of living. Poverty is the big problem in Belarus in 2013: I have seen children with physical and intellectual disabilities (whose parents sometimes are ashamed of them), living in appalling conditions, with mothers in dire straits. They have no home help, no respite, no hoists, and very little assistance from the state.
I am neutral in the nuclear debate. As a nurse in care of the elderly, I see the results of breathing air contaminated by fossil fuel burning. My final point is that all Chernobyl charities should be realistic, and tell it as it is. – Is mise,
MARY FINNEGAN,

Irish Independent:

* The forthcoming referendum on the abolition of the Seanad is a good illustration of the type of insidious politics we have to deal with in Ireland nowadays.
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There is no doubt whatsoever that the Seanad is in dire need of reform – even senators admit as much.
Yet the Government, in its determination to centralise power in the Dail, is refusing to consider reforming the upper house.
The proposal being put to the people is a stark choice between abolishing the Seanad altogether, or retaining it in its current form.
I suspect this is a very deliberate attempt on the Government’s behalf to take advantage of the public disillusionment with the Seanad in order to increase support for the abolition amendment.
In the absence of a true democratic choice with regard to the future of the Seanad, I believe we should opt for the safest course of action and reject its abolition.
Especially when one considers the proposal that was mooted briefly last week, whereby a group of ‘experts’ – handpicked by the Government – would effectively replace the Seanad.
Even though that proposal appears to have been abandoned, the fact that it was even discussed is a disturbing development.
Such centralisation of legislative and executive power in an ever-decreasing number of individuals is a serious threat to healthy democracy. Retaining the Seanad is important for democracy in the State.
Once we have ensured its existence, it must then be reformed to make it fit for purpose.
Simon O’Connor
Crumlin, Dublin 12
PERFECT SMILE
* Under a blue sky, with the sun on my back, while walking through the streets of the capital this weekend, I witnessed a strange phenomenon.
It came about through a strange configuration of muscles in a beautiful woman’s face. It was transformational, something akin to what we once called a smile. Alas, it has been so long since I have seen such a positive display of emotional contentment I could not be sure.
This is post-crash Ireland after all.
I wonder might any of your readers be in a position to confirm similar sightings?
Ed Toal
Monkstown, Co Dublin
DAIL REFORM THE PRIORITY
* Only two reasons have been given by recent contributors for retaining the Senate: it provides a platform for influential public voices and future leaders; and we also need it to contain a “dysfunctional Dail” and a “discredited political system”.
If it is abolished, then Dail reform becomes a “vital priority”, with special attention to the disconnection between the Executive and Parliament.
Realistically, Dail reform should precede the Senate referendum. The final solution must include electoral reform. Conforming to the constitutional requirement to elect one TD per 30,000 people has turned reform into superficial, regressive patchwork.
Multi-seat constituencies – by crossing local authority boundaries – downgrade local government. Ministers should not be burdened by local duties or be appointed on the basis of local voting success rather than suitability. Many suitable candidates – including some senators – are deterred from contesting.
A properly reformed Dail could lead to a new definition of the purpose, function and structure of the Senate, as an alternative to its abolition. Reform remains within the gift of career politicians. We may have to ask them to take back and don the green jerseys they gave us in 2008 and 2010.
Tom Martin
Celbridge, Co Kildare.
TAXING TIMES
* I have just taxed my car for three months.
In a time of huge financial difficulty for Irish people, our Government is creaming profits from folk like me who can’t afford to pay for 12 months. It costs me €90 extra a year to pay quarterly. There is no justification for this since I logged in and did the administrative work myself.
When I printed the payment page to place on my dashboard until the disc arrived, the page was set up to print over two pages. I know how to print only the page that I want but my mother, for example, wouldn’t know how to do this.
It is inconceivable at a time when austerity and eco-friendly are the buzzwords that every person who taxes their car should print two pages instead of one. The public system is still so out of touch with the needs of the ordinary citizen. It is incredible.
Sarah Nic Lochlainn
Ardee, Co Louth
THE LIONS STILL BITE
* A recent letter writer observed that the words of Aesop, from ancient Greece, are still relevant today. May I add that ancient Rome still applies – the senators are in revolt and the lions still bite!
Sean Kelly
Tramore, Waterford
RETHINKING THE CRISIS
* A first indicator of hope appears on the horizon as the IMF and European Commission squabble about action taken on the Greek collapse. Each questions the other’s diagnosis and remedial action of the problem and both are actually correct. The diagnosis was wrong then and is still wrong, and perhaps logical thinking is at last about to break out.
The economic problems of the 21st century are basically not financial at all. They derive from a transformation of production capacity that is unprecedented and unrecognised.
There is now an ability to produce more than the world can consume, which is causing chaos in markets, investment, banking, employment, growth and practically every aspect of economics.
Technology has taken economic activity to a new place, where sterile economic policies of a bygone age are futile, counterproductive and no longer fit for purpose.
Employment will not be restored until it is understood that work is diminishing as every hour passes and jobs must be reconsidered as a means of distributing wealth rather than creating it.
Advancing technology can and will produce more wealth; indeed more of everything than the world needs or can consume.
It must be the task of the IMF and the European Commission to devise methods of administering such phenomenal and unprecedented technological success for the benefit of humanity. Instead they treat the crisis as financial failure because their obsolete philosophy is unable to keep pace with the phenomenal technological advances. Perhaps the developing spat between two very powerful but misguided heavyweights of world administration will force them to rethink their fundamental misjudgments and begin proper administration of the best economic time there ever was for the benefit of all.
Padraic Neary
Tubbercurry, Co Sligo
COST OF GREEN SHOOTS
* I am curious as to whether I am the only person who is cutting back entirely all the hedging/greenery that I am (was) fortunate enough to have growing in my garden? The reason that I am doing so is that the cost of disposing of the off-shoots when cutting back has become too expensive, with the ‘green bins’ being weighed by the waste management companies.
I felt particularly bad yesterday when I discovered an empty bird’s nest in the Butterfly bush I totally cut down – but I can no longer afford to have the privilege of growing such wonderful greenery. Next job: concreting over the grass.
Name and address with editor
Irish Independent

Joan’s feet

June 11, 2013

11 June 2013 Joan’s feet

Off around the park listening to the Navy Lark, oh dear oh dear. Taffy has accidently been made a Commodore, and has taken Troutbridge off to Wales, to give his relatives trips round Cardigan bay. Priceless.
Another quiet day visit Joan post office chemist and Co-op, Joans legs very bad
We watch The Pallaisers The rise and rise of Mr Finn MP
Mary wins at scrabble but she gets under 400 perhaps I can have my revenge tomorrow.

Obituary:

Elizabeth Mavor
Elizabeth Mavor, who has died aged 85, wrote novels and biographies of unusual, adventurous women; her A Green Equinox was shortlisted for the Booker Prize in 1973, though she was probably better known as the author of The Ladies of Llangollen (1971), an account of the lives of a famous pair of 18th century Sapphists.

Elizabeth Mavor 
5:18PM BST 10 Jun 2013
Lady Eleanor Butler and Miss Sarah Ponsonby were friends who, in 1778, fled from their native Ireland and set up home together in a slate-roofed cottage in the north Wales village of Llangollen . There, until their deaths in 1829 and 1831 respectively, they spent their days together, industriously gardening and improving their minds by reading the classics, studying languages and writing journals and letters. The subject of much gossip and romantic speculation, they became celebrities and their visitors included royalty, philanthropists, artists, writers and poets.
The nature of their “romantic friendship” excited much curiosity over the years. They referred to each other as “My Beloved” or “My Better Half”; slept in the same bed and dressed like men with top hats and fitted jackets, their hair cut short . Most commentators nowadays assume they were lesbians, yet few who visited them thought they were and neither did Elizabeth Mavor. In her biography, she pointed out that the word “romantic” simply meant fanciful in the 18th century; that it was the fashion for friends to speak to each other in language people now reserve for sexual partners; that it was not uncommon to share a bed with a sister or a friend, and that the ladies’ hairstyles and mannish hats followed a French fashion and were in any case practical for the country.
The two women’s friendship, she maintained, was a perfect union of souls — and no more: “Depending as they did upon time and leisure, they were aristocratic, they were idealistic, blissfully free, allowing for a dimension of sympathy between women that would not now be possible outside an avowedly lesbian connection. Indeed, much that we would now associate solely with a sexual attachment is contained in romantic friends: tenderness, loyalty, sensibility, shared beds, shared tastes, coquetry, even passion.”
The daughter of an engineer, Elizabeth Osborne Mavor was born in Glasgow on December 17 1927 and educated at St Leonards School, St Andrews, and at St Anne’s College, Oxford, where she read Modern History and edited Cherwell. After graduation she worked for the magazine Argosy , wrote reviews for newspapers and began writing fiction.
In her first novel, Summer in the Greenhouse (1959), an elderly woman tells the story of a youthful affair . She wrote several more novels, including A Green Equinox in which the heroine becomes involved in an affair with the married owner of a grand country estate, but ultimately forms deeper friendships with the other women in his life — his wife and mother.
Elizabeth Mavor became interested in women like the Llangollen ladies not so much because of their ambiguous sexuality but because of their willingness to flout convention. In a similar vein, her The White Solitaire (1988) was a fictionalised account of the life of Mary Read, an 18th century woman who lived as a man, concealing her identity in her life as a soldier and sailor-turned-pirate.
Elizabeth Mavor’s other non-fiction works included editions of the American journals of the 19th century actress Fanny Kemble and Grand Tours of Katherine Wilmot: France 1801-3 and Russia 1805-7 (1992), the edited journals of an Irish socialite and traveller. A Year with the Ladies of Llangollen (1984) was an edited selection of entries from their journals, letters and account books.
Her biographies included Virgin Mistress: a study in survival, an account of the life of Elizabeth Chudleigh, a pretty country maid with social aspirations who charmed the royal houses of Europe and became Duchess of Kingston, but was later tried for bigamy.
In 1953 Elizabeth Mavor married the illustrator Haro Hodson, who survives her with their two sons.
Elizabeth Mavor, born December 17 1927, died May 22 2013

Guardian:

I doubt if all the secrets of the Kikuyu uprising will ever be known. Young soldiers were brainwashed into believing they were fighting in Kenya for our glorious empire. Sixty years ago I was there as a 19-year-old national service officer. I am delighted that the government has given some token compensation for Kenyans who suffered torture (Britain’s brutal past exposed, 6 June). I still suffer from memories of the British apartheid system there and numerous instances of arbitrary killing and brutality by British forces, Kenya police and Kenyan African Rifles. In reality we protected land-grabbing British farmers and enriched UK companies.
Young troops were encouraged to shoot any African on sight in certain areas. Prize money was offered by senior officers for every death. The brains of one young black lad I shot with no warning (by orders) landed on my chest. He had no weapons, only a piece of the Bible and part of an English-language primer in his pocket. Before I burned his body near the farm where he had been working, I was ordered to cut off his hands, which I did, and put them in my ammunition pouches, as we’d run out of fingerprinting kits. Of course, he was recorded as “a terrorist”. I was told to shoot down unarmed women in the jungle because they were carrying food to the so-called “Mau Mau” – a word they never called themselves.
The whole of this Kenyan tragedy was predictable. Although Kenyan black troops had fought for the British in the second world war, they were rewarded with their land being taken away, no press or trade union freedom, suppression of political movements and slave-like conditions of work, which I witnessed. Yes, some black Kenyans did turn on others for not rising up against such indignities. But many of those who were killed were local chiefs and their supporters, who had co-operated with hugely rich white farmers. However, the revenge killings by the colonial authorities were totally disproportionate – with bombing raids, burning of villages and the forced movement of thousands of families onto poorer land, in the name of “protection”. Very few white people were killed by Africans.
But it wasn’t just the black people who suffered. I remember telling my company commander that a young soldier whose medical records showed he was only fit for clerical work should not go on a military exercise. I was laughed at. He was forced to go. After three hours’ steep climb through jungle, he died in my arms, probably from a heart attack. Because I remonstrated, I was ordered to take a donkey and carry his body, which kept slipping off, for nearly a week to deposit him at HQ on the other side of the Aberdare mountains. His mother was told he was a hero who’d died on active service.
I was sickened by my experiences. I disobeyed orders and was court-martialled and dismissed from the service. I actually thought I was going to be shot. Stripped of my uniform, I was told to make my own way home. Then I wrote to Bessie Braddock, the Labour MP, and was put back in my uniform to fly home in a RAF plane. After campaigning around the country for Kenyan independence, I received new call-up papers, because I had not finished my national service. I then decided to stand trial and become the first British man allowed to be registered as a conscientious objector against colonial warfare. History has proved me right. With these expressions of “regret” by our foreign secretary, I now feel vindicated for being pilloried as a “conchie”.
David Larder
Retford, Nottinghamshire

Dani Dayan of the Yesha Council attempts to recruit President Jimmy Carter to the cause of a restored “Judea and Samaria” (We’re on solid moral ground, 8 June) on the strength of his being, in 2009, favourably “shocked … by the reality on the ground” of the West Bank Jewish settlement bloc of Gush Etzion, and of his personally rejecting the idea of its ever becoming part of “a Palestinian territory”.
In his Trip Report of 17 June, Carter in fact writes: “At Kerev Foundation, Yossi Beilin explained the status of the Geneva Initiative annexes (basic proposals unchanged), and then we drove to the Gush Etzion settlement south of Jerusalem. This is one of the settlements that, under the Geneva Initiative, would be within the 2% of Palestine to be swapped to Israel”. Carter, in short, merely cites a proposal incorporated in the 2003 accord (with Dr Beilin as a signatory) and its supplementary annexes of 2009 – Gush Etzion being a special case, its Jewish character dating back to the last years of the British Mandate.
Failing to offer that necessary context, Dayan also omits to mention how, watching a Netanyahu speech later in the same day, Carter finds himself “appalled by his introduction of numerous obstacles to peace, some of them insurmountable” – no sharing of Jerusalem, no settlement freeze, Palestine demilitarisation and open airspace, and the removal of Hamas.
But if the ex-president really has become, in Dayan’s words, a “notable exception” to the allegedly ignorant denizens of “the international diplomatic high echelons” and their opposition to the continuing occupation of the West Bank, presumably we can await a radically revised version of his 2006 book, Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid?
William Mathew
Norwich
•  Dani Dayan’s article turns logic on its head and is an example of the old technique of hoping that if you say something often enough, in this case “solid moral ground” (five times) it will be believed. The settlements are a blatant – and under international law illegal – occupation of land belonging to someone else. Apparently, according to Dayan, the fact that over half a million live there makes them legal. Apparently looking into the eyes and faces of settlers would make the settlements legal.
Apparently the right of Jews to live in certain places is inalienable because they are cradles of Jewish civilisation. On this argument there would have to be hundreds of population exchanges throughout the world – many of claimants who occupied lands far more recently than Jews occupied Palestine.
Joseph Cocker
Leominster
•  I expect that Jews and non-Jews alike will take issue with the morality of Dani Dayan’s statement that “the right of Jews to live in Shiloh, Hebron or Beth El is inalienable”. However, I am more interested in the last paragraph. What does Mr Dayan have in mind when he says “the time has come to invest in new innovative paths to peace that unite people through acts of mutual respect”?
If he rejects a two-state solution, is he thinking of a new Israeli/Palestinian superstate or some sort of equal federation? By “acts of mutual respect” does he mean that the two peoples would live together in complete equality with all the peoples in the region having unfettered rights to live, work and pray wherever they choose? Perhaps you could give him more space in your paper or in your correspondence columns to elaborate on this. Who knows, we may be on the verge of a breakthrough that Blair and others have “flown over”.
Jeremy Solnick
Walberswick, Suffolk
•  Dani Dayan is typical of Israelis who tell Palestinians why the Jews are justified in occupying the West Bank with far less justification for their claims than the millions of Palestinians whose families, like mine, lived continuously in Palestine for hundreds if not thousands of years before being expelled by Jewish armies in 1948.
Dayan himself was born in Argentina and is proudly secular and has no religious beliefs. But this doesn’t stop him rolling out mytho-religious arguments for occupying the West Bank. Most modern Israelis are, in historical terms, recent immigrants from the west, colonisers who plotted to take over a land whose inhabitants had all the rights of any indigenous population.
Karl Sabbagh
Newbold on Stour, Warwickshire

Another day, another workplace horror (Fire at Chinese slaughterhouse kills 119 after locked gate traps victims, 4 June). Another corporate-designed disaster, aided and abetted by deregulatory, enforcement-slashing, business-friendly governments, kills yet more workers.
The Hazards Campaign is utterly appalled at the death of at least 122 workers at a poultry farm fire in China and the injury of many more. In the 20th anniversary year of the Zhili fire in Shenzhen that killed 88 young workers, and more than a century after the Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire of 1911 in New York, locked fire exits and death-trap factories should be a thing of the past everywhere. Garment factory fires in Bangladesh and Pakistan, and the Rana Plaza collapse, show that employers and governments have not implemented fire safety and building regulations or failed to enforce them, or both, and that we are going backwards not forward.
This is not a developing-nation phenomenon, it is an industrial safety phenomenon caused by a lack of respect for the lives of workers and a lack of proper regulation, properly enforced. Some may remember the 1991 Imperial Chicken fire in the US, in which 25 died, also behind locked doors. The factory had never been inspected. In the current global deregulatory tide, the fashion is to relax regulation and enforcement, not improve it – so similar disasters are becoming more and not less likely.
Workers in the UK cannot feel safe, as the government dismantles our hard-won health and safety protection net at a breakneck rate, to ensure the lack of regulation and scrutiny that corporate elites crave, here and abroad.
Hilda Palmer
Acting chair, Hazards Campaign

When my friend Colin Sale and I interviewed Tom Sharpe (Obituary, 7 June) for our school magazine in 1980, we experienced neither the ex-colonial type nor the genial old buffer that Stanley Reynolds describes as the “two mask-like personas” that Sharpe developed when “much in demand for interviews and often besieged by fans”. He was gracious, inquiring and entertaining, furnished us with outrageous anecdotes eventually deemed unsuitable for publication, treated us to lunch courtesy of his wife, Nancy, and wasted the better part of his day on us. Learning that I intended to become an ecologist, we discussed at length his recently dug pond, heat pumps and the potential for fish farming, while his advice for Colin was: “Don’t study English, it’ll make you far too critical of your own work.”
While we were indignant about his treatment in South Africa, he seemed almost to shrug it off, and to delight in the opportunity it had given him to rip the piss out of the pompous, the incompetent and illegitimate authority. And the delightful man was right, it’s such great fun!
Simon Aumonier
Steeple Aston, Oxfordshire
•  Tom loved pranks. Once, when he was visiting, my husband told that while I was out of the room, Tom took a naughty delight in peeing out of the drawing room window on to the Michaelmas daisies. He was generous and softhearted. When I was setting up the Bridport community play he made a contribution. One day, seeing me looking glum, he asked what was the matter. I confessed I thought I’d underbudgeted and we were going to make a loss. He went away and came back saying he’d talked with his wife, and they’d like to make a further contribution. In the event there was no loss but money was so tight that instead of returning his cheque I put it towards the next community play in Sherborne without asking Tom. He never complained or mentioned the matter.
Ann Jellicoe
Lyme Regis, Dorset

As current chair of What, an organisation set up in the early 1970s as West Hampstead Action on Traffic to oppose the motorway “box” in London, I could hardly believe that supporters of that doomed enterprise, which would have decimated the inner suburbs, still existed. Steve Smart’s letter (6 June), written from Malvern, at a comfortable distance from London, proves me wrong. His lament that one cannot easily drive freight across London or drive by car is odd. It’s at variance with the way public and freight transport have changed since the 1970s. There have been vast recent improvements, which affect this and other areas, to the orbital London Overground, which is also a freight line; and to the Thameslink cross-London line. These have been a stimulus for regeneration in east London. The judgement (Obituary, 4 June) of the late Andrew Roth (also a West Hampstead resident) on John Gilbert’s decision is one that many London residents would support.
Virginia Berridge
Chair, What

A mischievous comedian of Bea Lillie’s vintage would surely have enjoyed Chas Brewster’s fancifully confused suggestion (Letters, 10 June) that audiences kept applauding every time she spoke on stage when appearing in The Amorous Prawn at the Piccadilly theatre in the late 1960s. Lillie did not appear in The Amorous Prawn – which starred Evelyn Laye at the Saville a decade earlier. Lillie’s last London play was Auntie Mame – not at the Piccadilly but at the Aldephi; not in the late 1960s but in 1958. Is there anyone left alive to confirm Brewster’s assertion that the audience (which and when?) went obstructively wild over Lillie?
Nicholas de Jongh
London
•  It is scarcely surprising that the Berliner Ensemble is reluctant to keep staging Rolf Hochhuth’s The Deputy, performed here as The Representative (Brecht’s Berlin theatre company faces eviction, 10 June). It would easily get into my top 10 list of the most boring plays I ever saw in my life.
Michael Bath
Rochester, Kent
• Aside from the novels, Iain Banks (Obituary, 10 June) must surely be remembered for his letters to the Guardian, particularly as the head of the London magazine Time Out reveals that it has scrapped its letters page (Media, 10 June). No good will come of that.
Keith Flett
London
• I notice that no one comes from anywhere these days; they “hail”, as in Boards of Canada “hailing from rural Scotland” (‘We’ve become a lot more nihilistic’, G2, 7 June; Letters, 10 June).
Copland Smith
Chorlton cum Hardy, Manchester
•  So our “cherished photos” panned out at four dads, one grandad, one son and a pic of the Yorkshire Dales (Picture perfect, G2, 10 June). Something to be said about the Page 3 girls after all.
Geraldine Monk
Sheffield
• Would the Nobel committee consider withdrawing the peace award from Barack Obama and honouring Edward Snowden instead (The whistleblower, 10 June)?
Ann Black
Oxford

Independent:

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You quote William Hague as saying law-abiding citizens had “nothing to fear” from intelligence agencies’ activities. Except of course the illegal activities of governments.
On the other hand, as your article on the Tor project demonstrates (10 June), do we really want dark secret corners on the internet beyond the reach of all investigation? Worse still, do we want governments using the dark secret corners for their own illegal and unaccountable activities? 
The answer must be to eliminate secrecy on the internet but establish independent, hardware-based logging of all access to the private data of individuals, so that governments, and others, can be held to account when they abuse it.
Jon Hawksley, London EC1
 
William Hague says law-abiding citizens have nothing to fear from GCHQ. The only problem with that statement is that it is not for GCHQ to decide whether or not I’m law-abiding. In a democracy it’s a decision to be made by the courts, based upon legally obtained evidence – not uncorroborated hearsay provided by a foreign government.
Gavin Lewis, Manchester
 
Revelations about US spying on private communications have elicited from William Hague the response that if you’ve nothing to hide, you’ve nothing to fear. So why isn’t the same principle applied to lobbying, with all meetings between big business and ministers and MPs minuted and open to public scrutiny?
Michael McCarthy, London W13
 
In regard to the current GCHQ scandal, is the media frightened to mention what activities could be possibly going on inside the walls of the joint GCHQ/NSA station at RAF Menwith Hill?
George D Lewis, Brackley, Northamptonshire
 
Cuts threaten museums and libraries
You rightly draw attention to the challenges facing the Science Museum group and the possible impact on the National Railway Museum (York and Shildon), the Museum of Science and Industry (Manchester) and the National Media Museum (Bradford) (report, 4 June). It is wrong to suggest, however, that this is a form of discrimination against the North. Instead, heritage-based organisations are facing further cuts to their funding.
Our 5,000 members in these organisations will be surprised at the suggestion in your editorial (5 June) that “Britain’s free-of-charge museums could not expect to escape attention”. These organisations have suffered millions of pounds of cuts in the past three years. Substantial activities have been cut in most organisations, including reductions in service in curatorial departments, collection care, learning and education, visitor services and photography. Given the people-based nature of these organisations the reduction in these activities has inevitably fallen on staff – 89 staff within the Science Museum Group nationwide have been made redundant since May 2010.
Consequently, these further cuts are now causing the museums to consider even more drastic measures, such as the introduction of charges or closures.
Prospect agrees that introducing charges is not acceptable but neither is the closure of galleries. The museums and galleries add so much to society, including advancing an understanding of science, technology and the arts. Furthermore, every £1 invested in the arts generates £4 in the economy. We should be looking to increase investment in these valuable organisations, not reducing it.
Alan Leighton, National secretary, Prospect, Union for Professionals, London SE1
 
The Prime Minister has announced that up to a quarter of a billion pounds in grants and loans will be made available for villages, local estates or community groups to buy assets and run them as new social enterprises – including public libraries – “especially if they are under threat of closure from local government funding cuts” (report, 6 June). 
Evidently, the statutory library service is to be bundled in with the discretionary services, like swimming pools. This is in spite of the UK economy losing approximately £81bn per year from the nation’s illiteracy, as well as concerns that lack of access to a comprehensive network of libraries is contributing to a widening digital divide.  
Let us not be bamboozled into believing that Mr Cameron is offering largesse to our communities here. His government is giving with one hand, while taking away with the other.
Shirley Burnham, Swindon,  Wiltshire
 
A model housing development
Michael W Cook’s suggestion (Letters, 30 May) that local authorities should buy housing land and sell it on for self-build development reminds me of another possible way forward.
The small town where I live saw rapid expansion in the later 19th century, but our first “developer” in the modern sense built no houses at all; instead he bought a large parcel of land, laid out four parallel roads on it, and then sold individual plots, or small batches of plots, to individual builders, who developed them under covenant. The covenant was important as it specified what type of house should be built in each road, and whether for example it should have a big front garden, a small one, or none at all.
There were no planning laws or building regulations, but this tight control meant that though there was a pleasant variety in the appearance of individual dwellings, or terraces, they cohered well stylistically and in terms of building materials, which were local.
It helped that the developer was also general manager of the local building society – and it was local, catering for a population in local towns and villages of about 50,000. Mortgages could be offered on the basis often of personal knowledge of applicants and their standing. Few properties ever needed to be repossessed.
These roads have never “gone down” or “gone up” in the world. Their structures remain as sound as when they were built. Their adaptable internal spaces have been updated where necessary, and they have aged gracefully. Whatever their size, they are still regarded as premium properties locally.
Perhaps this is a model of development that could be revived today.
Arthur Percival, Faversham, Kent
 
Code’s verdict on lane-hoggers
I question Jonathan Brown’s assertion (6 June) that “motorway driving does not yet feature as part of the driving test”.
Is not knowledge of the Highway Code an integral feature of the driving test?
Even my 1978 version has a whole section devoted to motorway driving and specifically: “Lane discipline – On a three-lane carriageway the normal ‘keep to the left’ rule still applies. You may, however, stay in the middle lane when there are slower vehicles in the left-hand lane, but you should return to the left-hand lane when you have passed them. The right-hand lane is for overtaking only. If you use it, move back to the middle lane and then into the left-hand lane as soon as you can, but without cutting in.”
Graham Feakins, London SE24
 
Rule 160 of the Highway Code states:
“Keep to the left unless road signs and markings indicate otherwise. The exceptions are when you want to overtake, turn right or pass parked vehicles or pedestrians in the road.” What could be clearer?
Hogging the middle lane is simply bad driving as it can contribute to congestion, it forces good drivers who are obeying the Highway Code to cross two carriageways to overtake and it encourages dangerous undertaking manoeuvres.
Ian Quayle, Fownhope,  Herefordshire
 
There are no such things as the slow lane, the fast lane, the middle lane or the lorry lane on the motorway (Letters, 7 June).
There are the inside lane and the overtaking lanes. The Highway Code guidance is that you travel in the inside lane and overtake in the overtaking lanes. Simple.
Chris Harding, Parkstone,  Dorset
 
No windfarm in our back yard
Ed Davey (letter, 7 June) makes an admirable defence of government energy policy and highlights the need for certainty to attract investment. It’s just a shame his enthusiasm is not shared by his colleagues in the Cabinet.
The latest planning guidance, which gives a much greater role to local communities, in effect creates a veto that means future wind-farm development in England will come to a standstill. It’s difficult to see how that helps the UK meet its renewables targets. Will this new enthusiasm for empowering local communities extend to other planning decisions of similar national importance, such as HS2?
David Wallism Cirencester, Gloucestershire
 
Treasury cat’s bid for freedom
Poor Freya (“Meet Freya, the roving tabby of the Treasury” 8 June). Female cats do not normally roam, but stay within a small territory. Perhaps Freya is looking for a home more suited to her tastes. If so, she must be spitting and swearing every time well-meaning people return her to Downing Street.
And cats are politically extremely independent, nor are they impressed by wealth. If I were a cat, I wouldn’t want to share a home with George Osborne.
Lesley Docksey, Buckland Newton, Dorset
 
Back to polys, and back to work
Giving polytechnics the green light to turn into universities damaged our education system (“Think-tank demands the return of polytechnics”, 10 June). We have created a society in which everyone wants a university education and many have an unrealistic perception that a degree is the only route into a career.
The return of the polytechnic will raise awareness of how high-quality vocational programmes offer valuable alternatives, giving people more choice.
Suzie Webb, Director of Education, Association of Accounting Technicians, London EC1
Capital notion
I can’t see Birmingham airport expanding (report, 10 June), with our country being so London-centric. Why not promise to call the expanded airport London Birmingham, this could fool the investors to back it.
Kartar Uppal, West Bromwich, West Midlands

Times:

With our long coastline and tidal rivers, the UK is well placed to benefit from investment in hydro power
Sir, Gaynor Hartnell (letter, June 8) of the Renewable Energy Association may well be right that 68 per cent of the British public support wind farms. The question is, is this well informed public opinion? I doubt that the 68 per cent realise that wind energy is intermittent and generates only over a limited range of wind speeds. Because of the high visibility of such generators they confer a comfort factor to the public that something is being done about global warming.
However, the uplands of the UK have considerable amounts of hydro power which is reliable and controllable. The difficulty with this energy source is the current high cost of connection to the electricity network from many of these regions. This is a direct consequence of the structure of the electricity market. The Government’s new proposals on wind farms are to be welcomed in the expectation that it may lead to a policy review that would enable our hydro resources to be exploited.
Stewart Hill
Director, Assynt Foundation
Lochinver, Highland
Sir, Whether or not wind farms are a blot on the landscape, what is certain is that they are a most cost-inefficient means of producing electricity.
Apart from their unreliability, it does not take a scientist to compare the cost per unit when wind-generated with the cost per unit from hydro-generated power. Water is 1,000 times more dense than air, so can generate 1,000 times more energy per flow than does air.
With our long coastline and tidal rivers, the UK is well placed to benefit from investment in hydro power.
Professor R. G. Austin
Bracknell, Berks
Sir, Most of the 68 per cent who support them do not live near wind farms and are never likely to. If they did, many of them may join the 11 per cent who actively question wind energy and complain about its effect on the countryside and on residential amenity in so many ways, including for some sleepless nights from noise. The may also, like the 11 per cent, start to question more deeply the effect of wind energy on reducing our commitment to fossil fuels because of its intermittent nature. Then the 68 per cent may start to see why the anger has arisen about the way wind farms have been dealt with in the planning system up to now and appreciate why the 11 per cent hope that the new planning rules will bring about a real change.
Richard Cowen
Old Quarrington, Co Durham
Sir, The 68 per cent public support for onshore wind cited by the Renewable Energy Association has to be seen against the latest World Bank estimate that today 90 per cent of the UK population are urban dwellers. Whereas they are largely unaffected by wind turbines, the rural minority can hardly be blamed for their vociferous objections.
Most surveys depend on the questions put. While a large majority may favour renewable energy in principle, those facing the prospect of having to live close to a wind farm or single turbine are likely to respond very differently. For them the impact can be devastating. By its new policy of giving communities a greater say over the siting of these developments, the Government seems to recognise the need to ensure that those people are entitled to receive fair compensation. Until now this is something that the industry has refused to provide.
Jeremy Varcoe
Cornwall Protect
Wadebridge, Cornwall

Budget constaints mean that pproblems with council care for the elderly is one of the key causes of pressure on the emergency services
Sir, The British Red Cross agrees with the King’s Fund (report, June 4) that problems with council care for the elderly is one of the key causes of pressure on emergency services. We provided support to 50,000 people in the UK last year, helping them to live independently at home. We support vulnerable people to stay independent at home who would otherwise call 999, or help them to resettle at home, reducing pressure on hospital beds. But local councils are under severe budget constraints and all too often it is these preventive care and support services that are cut.
We are calling for the new Care Bill to ensure that everyone in need receives an offer of care and support, before they reach crisis point. This also needs to be properly funded through this month’s Spending Review.
Our work consistently shows us how a little practical support and social interaction can boost people’s resilience and wellbeing. Without these vital services vulnerable people will reach crisis point sooner, pushing them to require more costly acute care within the NHS.
Joe Farrington-Douglas
Head of public policy, British Red Cross
Sir, All the fretting about waiting times in A&E always raises a wry smile. Where my charity works in a remote part of Kenya there is no A&E. Anyone needing medical treatment has to walk sometimes hours to the nearest hospital. And when they get there, they have to pay for treatment.
David Baldwin
Glastonbury, Somerset

‘At a time when the use of illegal drugs in the UK is in decline we should be wary of those who claim that existing drug laws have failed’
Sir. An MP and chair of a Parliamentary Committee, a Green MP and others, join forces to call for support of “the global effort towards an alternative drug strategy” (letters, June 6).
Moves towards cannabis legalisation in some states of the US are now much in evidence with “Big Marijuana” following the example of “Big Tobacco” in promoting its favoured products. There are now more medical marijuana outlets in some parts of the US than Starbucks cafés with cannabis-laced soft drinks and medical marijuana vending machines already much in evidence. Is this the alternative drug strategy that the signatories to the Times letter are seeking to promote?
There are grave dangers for humanity here. We believe there is enough scope within the existing international drug conventions for countries to tackle their own drug problem and meet the needs for co-ordinated international regulation. We need a greater focus on abstinence-focused treatment, prevention, and robust enforcement and we need to strengthen, not weaken, the principle of shared responsibility between nations in how they are tackling their drug problem.
At a time when the use of illegal drugs in the UK is in decline we should be wary of those who claim that existing drug laws have failed. It is hard to imagine that any nations’ interests could be served by such a development.
Patrick J. Kennedy, Co-founder Project SAM; Antonio Maria Costa, Former Head United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; Kevin Sabet, Co-founder, Project SAM; Stig Eric Sorheim, President, Europe Against Drugs; Kathy Gyngell, Centre for Policy Studies; Neil McKeganey, Centre for Drug Misuse Research

Over a 30-year career one hospital consultant will train four new ones, but this would lead to unsustainable growth in numbers
Sir, Any comments on the adequacy of medical school numbers (letter, June 10) should take account of the peculiar medical workforce issues of the NHS. A specialty registrar will spend 5-7 years in training in a consultant-led team. This means that over a 30-year career one consultant will train four new consultants. But this implies an unsustainable growth in consultant numbers.
In other professions, a balance is restored through the departure of many lawyers and accountants into jobs outside the main training firms. But with the NHS being a near monopoly there are fewer opportunities to move out. The numbers can only be balanced by training enough doctors to replace retiring consultants and GPs and bringing migrants who train but do not stay for the career posts. Hence the puzzle of too few and too many trainees at the same time.
Peter West
London SW20

After the end of the Second World War, it was quite common for Servicemen to find new careers in grammar schools and universities
Sir, In the late 1940s there was an influx of ex-Servicemen into the universities, who often became teachers, especially in grammar schools, which had struggled to find staff during the war (report, June 7; letter, June 10). Alongside the men from the Services were those like myself, who went up straight from school, doing National Service later. A disadvantage for us was that women students preferred the older men with the glamorous past. Thankfully my future wife thought I must be former Service since with all the affectation of callow youth I smoked a pipe.
Dr J. P. Toomey
Stourport on Severn, Worcs

Telegraph:

SIR – Dogs and their owners have a rather raw deal compared with the freedom afforded to cats and their owners.
Cats are conservatively estimated to kill 55 million songbirds a year, and are free to foul in strangers’ gardens. Were dogs to behave in such a way, their owners would be liable for prosecution. Immune from any form of punishment, cat owners appear to abdicate responsibility for their felines.
They should be made to exercise greater control over their anti-social pets.
Andrew Copeman
London SW18

SIR – As a former infantry officer, and now a deputy headmaster of St John’s School in Leatherhead, Surrey, I believe that there are many skills acquired in the military that are transferable to, and compatible with, teaching (report, June 7).
What makes a good teacher? An excellent role model, someone who leads by example, shows great integrity, communicates clearly, is fair and consistent and knows how to get the best out of people while establishing a sense of common purpose and unity. In short, exactly the same qualities that are so important to the Army and its success.
As an infantry commander, I was always struck by how so many of my young soldiers, the majority of whom had not done well at school, responded in the military environment. What I witnessed, which had a large part to play in my decision to become a teacher, was how many of them excelled when they were well looked after, treated with respect and trusted with responsibility. That was a priceless lesson and as applicable to a school as to any other organisation.
Of course, not every soldier will be a good teacher, but it is misguided not to recognise the potential merits of the Troops to Teachers scheme.
Mark Mortimer
Leatherhead, Surrey
Related Articles
Cat owners, and their pets’ anti-social antics
10 Jun 2013
SIR – As a military education and training officer, I experienced several weeks of teaching pupils in a large comprehensive school in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, as part of my training. Servicemen, who are considering career teaching in our state school system after leaving the Armed Forces, should approach this career with caution. The transition will be a daunting and a challenging one.
Instructing a small class of motivated and well-disciplined Service personnel requires many skills and qualities. However, creating a satisfactory learning environment with 30-plus children of varying levels of academic interest, social background and self discipline, is a different story. New skills will need to be acquired, and patience tested.
However, many of our Servicemen are resourceful, multi-talented and highly motivated. They will, no doubt, become valuable members of staff in our schools, both in, and out, of the classroom.
Sqn Ldr G A Walsh RAF (Rtd)
Sleaford, Lincolnshire
SIR – It costs a prospective teacher around £40,000 to complete a degree course and teacher training. How can the same government that has imposed crippling costs on students and a strict requirement of passing qualified teacher status tests, now propose to allow former Servicemen to teach our children without meeting their own training and academic requirements?
These proposals must be resisted by the qualified professionals who prepare our children for the future.
Phil Willcock
Paphos, Cyprus
Mau Mau payment
SIR – Thank you, Tim Stanley, for your sane and balanced article (“The guilt-ridden British must not rewrite the history of the Mau Mau”, Comment, June 7).
I was born in Kenya, the daughter of a white farmer, who had gone to Africa hoping to produce food for a post world-war world. Very little is said these days of the vile nature of the blood oaths that the Mau Mau demanded of their own people, or of the atrocities carried out by them on their fellow Africans. It is hard to believe that anyone would actually boast of being Mau Mau.
My father’s stockman at the time of the uprising was visiting relatives. At considerable risk to himself and his family he travelled home to my father’s farm, in time to warn us of an imminent attack. We owe our lives to this brave man. Is this the action of someone who was the victim of our much maligned “imperialism”?
Sarah Maxwell-Wood
Banbury, Oxfordshire
SIR – I was a nursing sister in Nairobi towards the end of the Mau Mau uprising.
I looked after a very traumatised woman whose only child had been taken by the Mau Mau and beheaded. I knew of around 120 loyal Kikuyu who were hacked or burnt to death during the Lari massacre, and an elderly couple near where we farmed who were buried alive. Many Kikuyu Christians who refused to renounce their faith were murdered.
There is already a statue honouring a Mau Mau guerilla leader in Nairobi. Do we really need to compensate these people? Is an apology not sufficient?
Joan Carles
Oxford
Homework at school
SIR – I applaud the move by Jane Austen College in Norwich to ban homework (report, June 5). The word “homework” has long been a misnomer for children at many good prep schools, including Bilton Grange, where I am headmaster.
We know that children respond to clear boundaries, and so we take the approach that school is for work, and home is for family, so all homework is done in school.
Teachers should be overseeing prep rather than parents. In turn, freed from the shackles of acting as teacher, families can enjoy time together, reaping the many benefits this brings.
Peter Kirk
Rugby, Warwickshire
Reporting bad news
SIR – Charles Moore (Comment, June 8) wonders why there isn’t more good news in newspapers and television bulletins. He ignores a basic principle taught to me as a trainee reporter: “News is something someone, somewhere wants kept out of the papers; all the rest is just free advertising.”
The Daily Telegraph has done rather well sticking to that lately. Ask any MP.
Philip Moger
East Preston, West Sussex
Not music to our ears
SIR – I am told that I am a philistine for suggesting that Benjamin Britten’s music is anything other than brilliant, but has anyone ever left a concert whistling a tune of his? His work is usually a cacophony.
With the current centenary celebrations, we are subjected to some of his more obscure offerings, which are even worse than the well-known ones. At least with modern art, the viewer can walk away. Once inside the concert hall, the listener is trapped for a couple of hours.
Peter Daggett
Stafford
Coping with depression
SIR – I share the unease expressed by Tim Lott (Features, June 7) that public self-identification with bipolar disorder can be misleading, but equally the term depression is often unhelpful.
The causes of major depressive episodes are wide-ranging, often inter-related, and sometimes ferociously resistant to treatment, such that some sufferers will be led to commit suicide. This is indicative of the all-consuming, destructive nature of the illness, and, contrary to Stephen Fry’s assertion, may ultimately have a cause that can be rationally articulated.
Lack of public knowledge surrounding such torment, the social stigma attached to it, and the shortage of funding are all matters of grave concern.
Philip March
Croydon, Surrey
Sale of heritage stamps
SIR – The response by Adrian Steel, Director of the British Postal Museum & Archive (BPMA) (Letters, May 17), to concerns over the museum’s imminent sales at Sotheby’s of important philatelic archival material avoids the issues. Why are two auctions required, with the first alone estimated to raise over £5 million, when only £2 million is needed to make up the shortfall for the BPMA’s new building?
It is untrue that the sale comprises only duplicate material, as manuscript markings are unique, and there are shade and paper varieties for important future research. Museums need duplicates, for exchange and exhibiting purposes.
Has the BPMA followed all its charity trust regulations and standards, and the guiding principles applying to museum
deaccessioning? As a postal historian friend of the BPMA, I have not seen any evidence of fund-raising events being organised to save our national heritage.
The only responsible option is to suspend the auctions, pending a full public inquiry that involves key collectors and trade professionals. This week, Matthew Offord MP, is tabling a written question on this critical subject in the House.
Gavin Littaur
London NW4
Polished room service
SIR – The demise of room service (Letters, June 6) has deprived youngsters of one of the joys of staying in a hotel: the swapping of shoes put outside bedroom doors overnight for polishing.
David Edwards
White Roding, Essex
Police car presence improves motorway driving
SIR – As a former police traffic officer, I regularly patrolled the M40 and M25, (“Motorway driving”, Letters, June 7). Part of our work was to try to educate the motoring public by friendly advice; the mere presence of a marked police vehicle made drivers consider their driving manner.
Sadly, because of budget restraints, most police forces now put little emphasis on providing dedicated motorway patrols. The Highway Agency traffic officers have no enforcement powers, and the chances of being stopped by the police on the motorway are remote.
Perhaps the message “Don’t hog the middle lane or use your phone” on the overhead gantries might nudge some motorists into behaving.
Michael Carpenter
Wooburn Moor, Buckinghamshire
SIR – Derek Brumhead (Letters, June 6) supports overtaking on both sides of the motorway, as is allowed in America.
Although I have lived here for 50 years, I am American, and have often visited friends and family there, usually driving 1,500 miles or more between Maine and Maryland. I was appalled when they made overtaking on both sides legal.
Drivers in America used to be much better behaved than those here. Now the opposite is true. I have often seen cars there weaving across three lanes and back again in heavy traffic, just to gain a slight advantage. And it can be terrifying to find huge trucks overtaking you on either side.
If you can only overtake on one side, at least you can be sure of moving over safely. I hope this change will never happen here.
Lucretia Denny
Liskeard, Cornwall
SIR – David Whitaker (Letters, June 6) says that he drives at “exactly 70mph” in the middle lane of the motorway.
Constructional regulation prohibits speedometers from indicating a lower speed than the car is travelling and to avoid any possibility of this, they invariably read fast. His speedometer may well say 70mph, but his actual speed is likely to be as low as 63mph. Small wonder everybody behind him is so frustrated.
Marcus Dain
Fyfield, Essex

Irish Times:

Sir, – Opponents of Seanad abolition argue that the Seanad is necessary and should be reformed instead. A gullible voter might believe that voting No will lead to this reform. But where is the guarantee that such promised reform will materialise in the event of a No vote?
The Irish electorate has been promised Seanad reform many times before. We even had a referendum on it. In 1979, the Irish people by 92 per cent approved the Seventh Amendment which allowed the university franchise to be expanded to include other third-level institutions. In the 34 years since then, has the university franchise been expanded?
There have been numerous reports on Seanad reform. The most recent in 2004 made many suggestions, including that half the Seanad should be directly elected by the people. Has this suggestion been implemented yet?
If, after three decades, the political establishment won’t even expand the university franchise, what realistic hope is there for more radical reform?
The danger of voting No is that reform may not happen and the Seanad continues on in its current form. This autumn, I will have my first vote on the Seanad. I sincerely hope, with your assistance, that it will also be my last. – Yours, etc,
JASON FITZHARRIS,
Rivervalley,
Swords, Co Dublin.
Sir, – The main reason a Senate of 60 members was established in the first place in negotiations with Griffith and Collins in 1922 was to protect the interests of the small unionist/Protestant minority in the Free State.
A second chamber was the norm at the time in the British Commonwealth, to which the Free State was required to belong. Viewed as elitist, it was abolished and replaced by the present Seanad Éireann under the 1937 Constitution.
Forty-three of its members are elected after very competitive contests by the people whom the people elect, eg city and county councillors, incoming TDs and outgoing Senators. It is a form of indirect democracy very similar to the French system, which ensures there is no conflict of legitimacy between the two chambers.
The only elite element is that of the university seats: the electorate for which should at least have been broadened out long ago, since the 1979 referendum, to include all third-level institutions. Nevertheless, one of the Seanad’s more important functions through the mid-20th century continued to be to give a voice to the minority, represented for instance by Professor WB Stanford for 25 years, at a time when majority political and religious opinion was still fairly monolithic. He also defended the State from unfair political criticism from unionist co-religionists in Northern Ireland. Historically, the Seanad will be seen to have played a significant role since in the opening up of Irish society.

   
A chara, – Stephen Neill (Rite and Reason, June 4th) has done a great service to our country in pointing out the “increasingly dysfunctional and polarising” nature of the present abortion debate. On the previous day, and from an entirely different perspective, Cora Sherlock, spokeswoman for the Pro Life Campaign, in her article, “Coalition turning deaf ear to opponents of legislation” wrote, “If you think we’re having a debate on abortion at the moment, I’m afraid you’re mistaken”. But Sherlock makes clear that she wants a one-sided debate!
Has the time come to debate the debate?
The present ping-pong nature of “pro-life” and “pro-choice” is, for me, souless. In presenting us with a a purely static moral system, both of these polarised camps are dealing in mechanical, impersonal, selective absolutes that are rigid, external, black and white. One side’s Yes is the other side’s predictable No. There is no growth or development possible. As the months go by, it gets so boring!
We who are Christians claim to be co-creators with God and Christ-bearers, as Canon Neill reminds us. That, to me, means that we struggle to live, moment by moment, by love and compassion for all humanity. Muslims, Buddhists and other religions follow a similar vision, expressed differently.
As a Christian, I am both “pro-life” and “pro-choice”. In this middle ground I can both appreciate and withdraw from aspects of both camps. I want the great gift of life respected from the moment of conception to death: but where that involves difficult decisions, I want responsible choice to be the hallmark of respect for life. I want the heart-rending decisions of women in child-birth to be respected and supported.
Finally, I would love to see the abortion debate move to this middle ground and I thank Canon Neill for his inspiring contribution. – Is mise,
IRENE Ní MHÁILLE,
Seapoint Avenue,

Sir, – As a family friend of one of Ruairí Ó Brádaigh’s sons I was horrified at the the sight of gardaí­ in full riot gear at the funeral of a man who was grandfather to some very young children who would have been at the funeral (Home News, June 10th).
Can the spend on what looked to be an unnecessary show of force be justified, given the much talked of need to economise in the Garda Síochána? Or is this just another example of the State- sponsored bullying that has become all too familiar in the north west (Belmullet and Donegal). – Yours, etc,
SARAH GLENNANE,
Oakland Crescent,
Rathgar,
Dublin 6.
Sir, – I was at Ruairí Ó Brádaigh’s funeral ceremony at the Sacred Heart Church in Roscommon. I was outside during the service and was perturbed by the unnecessary overmanned Garda presence. They were all shapes, sizes and sexes, some in uniform, some in civilian clothes, some with bullet-proof vests and guns and others with small video cameras walking around pointedly recording everybody in attendance. There was even a spotter plane circling in the distance! As Mr Ó Brádaigh was of a senior age, quite a number of the mourners were old-age pensioners.
I cannot call them gardaí any more; they were more like old- style RUC. Their presence and demeanour at the church and graveyard were the only reason there was any trouble. The distress to the Ó Brádaigh family and friends by this over-the-top policing was visible and I am tempted to apply the despised name of “blueshirts” to these permanent employees of our State and Republic.
It was a depressing sight and bordered on the fascist! – Yours, etc,
K NOLAN,
Caldragh,
Carrick-on-Shannon,

Sir, – Billy Hawkes’s comment that the gardaí have significant powers to access data regarding citizens’ use of the Internet is correct, but he is not comparing like with like (Breaking News, June 10th).
The significant difference between Ireland and the US is that in Ireland a strict judicial process is required for the Garda Síochána to legally gain access. A court or ministerial order is required.
In the US there is no judicial oversight. The “Patriot Act” allows US law enforcement agencies to self-regulate. It is well-known that this system has been very widely abused.
US companies in Ireland are obliged to comply with the Patriot Act even if this means that they may be breaking data protection law in Ireland or Europe.
Simple fact: data handled by US companies worldwide can be accessed by US government agencies at their discretion. It is important Irish organisations ensure that their employees are educated and informed with respect to the implications of this because they are significant.
Many of the inmates of Guantánamo found themselves there as a consequence of this and many of them have still not been even tried, let alone found guilty. – Yours, etc,
Dr ROBERT STRUNZ,

   
Sir, – Cormac O’Raifeartaigh (Life Science, May 30th) is in serious error in claiming that greenhouse gas emissions are accelerating because he only cites figures for one of the greenhouse gases, CO2.
However, when the other greenhouse gases are included the warming effect of all the gases has actually decelerated since 1990!
This is because the other greenhouse gases – mainly CFCs and methane – have not been increasing as fast since 1990 as they did in the period 1960-1990.
Of course this slower rate of increase in the warming effect since 1990 does not mean that we can ignore climate change, but it may give us more time to innovate our way out of the problem. – Yours, etc,
TONY CAREY,
Glencree Road,

Sir, – Frank McNally’s highlighting of the upcoming Flann O’Brien symposium in Rome and the first biennial award for O’Brien Scholarship – the Fahrt Memorial Prize (An Irishman’s Diary, June 6th) brings to mind another famous Irish satirist.
In 1721, Jonathan Swift wrote “The Benefit of Farting” in which he suggested, among other things, that we could judge the character of a person through the “noxious humours of their bowels”.
It’s certainly a novel idea and might also be applied to politicians and their utterances, but much as I admire Swift, regrettably I guess that listening to hot air is more preferable than inhaling it!
His own opinion on politicians wasn’t much higher, as he indicated in Gulliver’s Travels: “Whoever makes two ears of corn, or two blades of grass to grow where only one grew before, deserves better of mankind, and does more essential service to his country, than the whole race of politicians put together”.
Given the amount of hot air that will undoubtedly be expelled in praise of another Irish writer on Sunday June 16th, spare a thought for the same Jonathan Swift who, 300 years ago this coming week, ascended to the Deanery of St Patrick’s Cathedral on June 13th, 1713. – Yours, etc,
MARK LAWLER,

Irish Independent:
* The forthcoming referendum on the abolition of the Seanad is a good illustration of the type of insidious politics we have to deal with in Ireland nowadays.
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There is no doubt whatsoever that the Seanad is in dire need of reform – even senators admit as much.
Yet the Government, in its determination to centralise power in the Dail, is refusing to consider reforming the upper house.
The proposal being put to the people is a stark choice between abolishing the Seanad altogether, or retaining it in its current form.
I suspect this is a very deliberate attempt on the Government’s behalf to take advantage of the public disillusionment with the Seanad in order to increase support for the abolition amendment.
In the absence of a true democratic choice with regard to the future of the Seanad, I believe we should opt for the safest course of action and reject its abolition.
Especially when one considers the proposal that was mooted briefly last week, whereby a group of ‘experts’ – handpicked by the Government – would effectively replace the Seanad.
Even though that proposal appears to have been abandoned, the fact that it was even discussed is a disturbing development.
Such centralisation of legislative and executive power in an ever-decreasing number of individuals is a serious threat to healthy democracy. Retaining the Seanad is important for democracy in the State.
Once we have ensured its existence, it must then be reformed to make it fit for purpose.
Simon O’Connor
Crumlin, Dublin 12
PERFECT SMILE
* Under a blue sky, with the sun on my back, while walking through the streets of the capital this weekend, I witnessed a strange phenomenon.
It came about through a strange configuration of muscles in a beautiful woman’s face. It was transformational, something akin to what we once called a smile. Alas, it has been so long since I have seen such a positive display of emotional contentment I could not be sure.
This is post-crash Ireland after all.
I wonder might any of your readers be in a position to confirm similar sightings?
Ed Toal
Monkstown, Co Dublin
DAIL REFORM THE PRIORITY
* Only two reasons have been given by recent contributors for retaining the Senate: it provides a platform for influential public voices and future leaders; and we also need it to contain a “dysfunctional Dail” and a “discredited political system”.
If it is abolished, then Dail reform becomes a “vital priority”, with special attention to the disconnection between the Executive and Parliament.
Realistically, Dail reform should precede the Senate referendum. The final solution must include electoral reform. Conforming to the constitutional requirement to elect one TD per 30,000 people has turned reform into superficial, regressive patchwork.
Multi-seat constituencies – by crossing local authority boundaries – downgrade local government. Ministers should not be burdened by local duties or be appointed on the basis of local voting success rather than suitability. Many suitable candidates – including some senators – are deterred from contesting.
A properly reformed Dail could lead to a new definition of the purpose, function and structure of the Senate, as an alternative to its abolition. Reform remains within the gift of career politicians. We may have to ask them to take back and don the green jerseys they gave us in 2008 and 2010.
Tom Martin
Celbridge, Co Kildare.
TAXING TIMES
* I have just taxed my car for three months.
In a time of huge financial difficulty for Irish people, our Government is creaming profits from folk like me who can’t afford to pay for 12 months. It costs me €90 extra a year to pay quarterly. There is no justification for this since I logged in and did the administrative work myself.
When I printed the payment page to place on my dashboard until the disc arrived, the page was set up to print over two pages. I know how to print only the page that I want but my mother, for example, wouldn’t know how to do this.
It is inconceivable at a time when austerity and eco-friendly are the buzzwords that every person who taxes their car should print two pages instead of one. The public system is still so out of touch with the needs of the ordinary citizen. It is incredible.
Sarah Nic Lochlainn
Ardee, Co Louth
THE LIONS STILL BITE
* A recent letter writer observed that the words of Aesop, from ancient Greece, are still relevant today. May I add that ancient Rome still applies – the senators are in revolt and the lions still bite!
Sean Kelly
Tramore, Waterford
RETHINKING THE CRISIS
* A first indicator of hope appears on the horizon as the IMF and European Commission squabble about action taken on the Greek collapse. Each questions the other’s diagnosis and remedial action of the problem and both are actually correct. The diagnosis was wrong then and is still wrong, and perhaps logical thinking is at last about to break out.
The economic problems of the 21st century are basically not financial at all. They derive from a transformation of production capacity that is unprecedented and unrecognised.
There is now an ability to produce more than the world can consume, which is causing chaos in markets, investment, banking, employment, growth and practically every aspect of economics.
Technology has taken economic activity to a new place, where sterile economic policies of a bygone age are futile, counterproductive and no longer fit for purpose.
Employment will not be restored until it is understood that work is diminishing as every hour passes and jobs must be reconsidered as a means of distributing wealth rather than creating it.
Advancing technology can and will produce more wealth; indeed more of everything than the world needs or can consume.
It must be the task of the IMF and the European Commission to devise methods of administering such phenomenal and unprecedented technological success for the benefit of humanity. Instead they treat the crisis as financial failure because their obsolete philosophy is unable to keep pace with the phenomenal technological advances. Perhaps the developing spat between two very powerful but misguided heavyweights of world administration will force them to rethink their fundamental misjudgments and begin proper administration of the best economic time there ever was for the benefit of all.
Padraic Neary
Tubbercurry, Co Sligo
COST OF GREEN SHOOTS
* I am curious as to whether I am the only person who is cutting back entirely all the hedging/greenery that I am (was) fortunate enough to have growing in my garden? The reason that I am doing so is that the cost of disposing of the off-shoots when cutting back has become too expensive, with the ‘green bins’ being weighed by the waste management companies.
I felt particularly bad yesterday when I discovered an empty bird’s nest in the Butterfly bush I totally cut down – but I can no longer afford to have the privilege of growing such wonderful greenery. Next job: concreting over the grass.
Name and address with editor
Irish Independent


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